December 2003 - cypherpunks-legacy

Re: Commerce Department encryption rules declared unconstitutional
by John Young 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Declan wrote: >I think that's about right. One of the important questions was how broadly >Patel would rule, whether her ruling would apply just to Bernstein & >associates or whether she would enjoin the government from enforcing >ITAR/EAR at all. > >Unfortunately, she chose the former. But look on the bright side: her >narrow decision may be less likely to be reversed, no? Does this not shift now to Peter Junger's suit: same issues, broader challenge, same opposing arguments? Did Patel rule narrowly in Bernstein to set the stage for the broader case in the works? BTW, is there a suit being readied to follow Peter's? Karn II? PRZ 6.0? What say, Peter, Lee, Cindy, Phil, Phil, Anthony et al?

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Anybody with a Ricochet willing to Visit?
by Tim May 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

This is mostly directed at Bay Areans. Anybody with a Metricom Ricochet modem willing to stop by my place in Corralitos and help me determine if I can get some kind of coverage in my area? (Yes, I know about the coverage maps at www.metricom.com and such....the coverage is show extending as far down the coast as parts of Aptos, but ending before my area, which is about 7 miles, over a ridge, from Aptos. East of Santa Cruz.) At a recent party in Boulder Creek, I saw folks getting coverage by moving their laptops around, and BC is not on the official coverage map. So what I'd like to do is see if my area can actually get reasonable signal. I'll provide the beer.... (I may have another Cypherpunks party at my place in September or October, but I'm more leery now of issuing an open invitation than I have been in the past. A lot of odd people read the list. And I'd hate to have any Feds see the invitation and then show up....never know what they might see or hear at a party, or what gifts they might leave behind, like bugs or dope. So if I have another party, it may not be an "open to all who see the invitation" one, and may have to be limited to those I have actually met.) Meanwhile, I'm interested in Ricochet coverage in my area. Contact me if you have a Ricochet on your laptop and if you are interested in visiting. --Tim May There's something wrong when I'm a felon under an increasing number of laws. Only one response to the key grabbers is warranted: "Death to Tyrants!" ---------:---------:---------:---------:---------:---------:---------:---- Timothy C. May | Crypto Anarchy: encryption, digital money, tcmay(a)got.net 408-728-0152 | anonymous networks, digital pseudonyms, zero W.A.S.T.E.: Corralitos, CA | knowledge, reputations, information markets, Higher Power: 2^1398269 | black markets, collapse of governments. "National borders aren't even speed bumps on the information superhighway."

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Graduate Cryptography Course at WPI
by Robert Hettinga 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

--- begin forwarded text X-Authentication-Warning: goya.WPI.EDU: christof owned process doing -bs Date: Mon, 25 Aug 1997 17:21:25 -0400 (EDT) From: Christof Paar <christof(a)ece.WPI.EDU> To: DCSB <dcsb(a)ai.mit.edu> cc: Lisa Jernberg <jernberg(a)wpi.wpi.edu> Subject: Graduate Cryptography Course at WPI MIME-Version: 1.0 Sender: bounce-dcsb(a)ai.mit.edu Precedence: bulk Reply-To: Christof Paar <christof(a)ece.WPI.EDU> This is an announcement for my graduate course in cryptography. Detailed information is included below. Please note that (i) the course is offered on Tuesday nights this semester and (ii) that it is cross-listed as CS 578. The course has been taught to almost 200 people in industry and graduate students over the last few years. Industry participants include engineers from GTE Government Systems, RSA, Philips Research, DEC, HP, Bay Networks, and others. For questions about registrations, please contact Lisa Jernberg at jernberg(a)wpi.wpi.edu Please feel free to contact me if there are any further questions about the class. Best regards, Christof Paar ************************************************************************* Christof Paar http://ee.wpi.edu/People/faculty/cxp.html Assistant Professor email: christof(a)ece.wpi.edu Cryptography Group phone: (508) 831 5061 ECE Department, WPI fax: (508) 831 5491 100 Institute Road Worcester, MA 01609, USA ************************************************************************* **************************************************************************** Worcester Polytechnic Institute EE 578/CS 578: CRYPTOGRAPHY AND DATA SECURITY Fall '97, Tuesday, 5:30-8:30 pm, AK 233 Starting date: September 9, 1997 INTRODUCTION It is well known that we are in the midst of a shift towards an information society. The upcoming generation of digital information systems will provide services such as: - wireless LAN and WAN computer networks - multi-media services (e.g., high quality video-on-demand) - smart cards (e.g., for network identification of electronic purse) - electronic banking/digital commerce These and other new information-based applications will have far reaching consequences. As this happens, security aspects of communication systems are of growing commercial and public interest. Unfortunately, these aspects have been widely underestimated or ignored in the past. Today, however, there is high demand for expertise and high quality products in the field of information security and cryptography. WPI's graduate course EE 578/CS 578 provides a solid and broad foundation in the area of cryptography and data security. After taking the course students should have an overview of state-of-the-art cryptography. In industry, they should be able to carefully choose and design a security scheme for a given application. The course also serves as an introduction for students who are interested in pursuing research in cryptography. There are several opportunities for Master's and PhD theses in the field of cryptography. COURSE DESCRIPTION This course gives a comprehensive introduction into the field of cryptography and data security. We begin with the introduction of the concepts of data security. Different attacks on cryptographic systems are classified. Some pseudo-random generators are introduced. The concepts of public and private key cryptography is developed. As important representatives for secret key schemes, DES, IDEA, and other private key algorithms are described. The public key schemes RSA, ElGamal, and elliptic curve crypto systems are developed. As important tools for authentication and integrity, digital signatures and hash functions are introduced. Advanced protocols for key distribution in networks are developed. Identification schemes are treated as advanced topics. Some mathematical algorithms for attacking cryptographic schemes are discussed. Application examples will include a protocol for security in a LAN and identification with smart cards. Special consideration will be given to schemes which are relevant for network environments. For all schemes, implementation aspects and up-to-date security estimations will be discussed. PREREQUISITES Working knowledge of ``C''. An interest in discrete mathematics and algorithms is highly desirable. TEXTBOOK D.R. Stinson, Cryptography: Theory and Practice. CRC Press, 1995 (mandatory) B. Schneier, Applied Cryptography. 2nd edition, Wiley & Sons, 1996 (recommended for additional reading) SYLLABUS EE 578/CS 578 An important part of the course is an independent project. The project topic can freely be chosen by the student. Possible topics include (but are not limited to) implementation of a real-size cryptographic algorithm or protocol, a literature study on new cryptographic schemes or on legal aspects of cryptography, or implementation of an algorithm for attacking a cryptographic scheme. WEEK 1: Introduction: Principals of cryptography. Classical algorithms. Attacks on cryptographic systems. WEEK 2: Stream ciphers and pseudo-random generators.. Some information theoretical results on cryptography. WEEK 3: Private key cryptography: The Data Encryption Standard DES. Brief history, function and performance. WEEK 4: Private key cryptography: Recent results on successful attacks on DES. Operation modes of symmetric ciphers. IDEA and other alternatives to DES. WEEK 5: Public key cryptography: Introduction. Some Number Theory and Algebra. WEEK 6: Public key cryptography: RSA. Function and security. Recent results on successful attacks on RSA. WEEK 7: Midterm exam. WEEK 8: Public key cryptography: The discrete logarithm problem. ElGamal crypto system. Function and security. Security estimations. WEEK 9: Public key cryptography: Elliptic curve systems. Mathematical background, function and security. WEEK 10: Digital Signatures: The ElGamal signature scheme. Message Authentication Codes (MAC). WEEK 11: Hash functions: Principals. Block cipher based hash functions. Protocols: Attacks against protocols, protocols for privacy, authentication, and integrity. WEEK 12: Key distribution in networks: Private key approaches, certificates, and authenticated key agreement. WEEK 13: Identification schemes: Challenge-and-response protocols. The Schnorr identification scheme for smart cards. WEEK 14: Final exam. ****************************************************************************** Christof Paar http://ee.wpi.edu/People/faculty/cxp.html Assistant Professor email: christof(a)ece.wpi.edu ECE Department phone: (508) 831 5061 Worcester Polytechnic Institute fax: (508) 831 5491 100 Institute Road Worcester, MA 01609, USA ****************************************************************************** For help on using this list (especially unsubscribing), send a message to "dcsb-request(a)ai.mit.edu" with one line of text: "help". --- end forwarded text ----------------- Robert Hettinga (rah(a)shipwright.com) Philodox e$, 44 Farquhar Street, Boston, MA 02131 USA "... however it may deserve respect for its usefulness and antiquity, [predicting the end of the world] has not been found agreeable to experience." -- Edward Gibbon, 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire' The e$ Home Page: http://www.shipwright.com/

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Re: Forbes article on Financial Cryptography is coming
by John Young 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

All right! Congrats to all. Hail, to Sameer the Overthrower. And to Adam Shostack, now daily distinguished bullseye spit-eye at bug-eyed authority. Hettinga and Greenspan, assuring the end of greenbacks, uh huh.

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Crypto Export Restrictions are Unconstitutional
by John Gilmore 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

CRYPTO EXPORT RESTRICTIONS ARE UNCONSTITUTIONAL Professor Bernstein is free to publish his software San Francisco, August 26, 1997 - The Federal District Court here struck down Commerce Department export restrictions on the privacy technology called encryption yesterday, concluding that "the encryption regulations are an unconstitutional prior restraint in violation of the First Amendment." For the first time, Judge Marilyn Hall Patel ordered the government not to prosecute or harass the plaintiff, Professor Daniel Bernstein, and those who use or publish his encryption software. The decision knocks out a major part of the Clinton Administration's effort to force companies to design government surveillance into computers, telephones, and consumer electronics. "This is wonderful news," said Prof. Bernstein. "I hope I can get some of my ideas published before they change the law again." The decision is a victory for free speech, academic freedom, human rights, and the prevention of crime. American scientists and engineers will now be free to collaborate with others in the United States and in foreign countries. This will enable them to build a new generation of tools for protecting the privacy and security of our communications. "Once again, it took a federal court to sort out technology and the Constitution," said Lori Fena, Executive Director of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, which backed the suit. "Let this decision signal the other two branches of government that when making laws pertaining to the Internet, they must honor their oaths to uphold the Constitution." The decision is strategic because the Clinton Administration has been using the export restrictions to influence domestic privacy policy. Companies that agree to build "key recovery" technology into their products are exempt from most of the restrictions. Key recovery, a follow-on to the Clipper Chip, is designed to give the government untraceable access to users' private information. The Federal District Court of the Northern District of California last December struck down the ITAR, a set of encryption restrictions enforced by the State Department. A few weeks later, the Government created virtually identical restrictions in the Commerce Department's Bureau of Export Administration (BXA). Yesterday's decision invalidates the new restrictions, stating, "the encryption regulations issued by the BXA appear to be even less friendly to speech interests than the ITAR." She warns that "the government cannot avoid the constitutional deficiencies of its regulations by rotating oversight of them from department to department," though concluding that she "does not believe that such was the intent here." "Our right to create, use, and deploy encryption come from our basic civil rights of free speech, freedom of the press, freedom from arbitrary search, due process of law, and privacy. Judge Patel has affirmed those roots in the First Amendment," philosophizes John Gilmore, Electronic Frontier Foundation co-founder. "Our Founding Fathers used encryption -- and even invented some -- and did not intend any ``crypto exceptions'' to the Bill of Rights." DETAILS OF MONDAY'S DECISION In the heart of the ruling, "The court declares that the Export Administration Regulations . . . insofar as they apply to or require licensing for encryption and decryption software and related devices and technology, are in violation of the First Amendment on the grounds of prior restraint and are, therefore, unconstitutional as discussed above, and shall not be applied to plaintiff's publishing of such items, including scientific papers, algorithms or computer programs." The Court also held that the government's licensing procedure fails to provide adequate procedural safeguards. When the Government acts legally to suppress protected speech, it must reduce the chance of illegal censorship by the bureacrats involved, for example by making the government go to a judge to decide the issue. The EAR does not require this; in fact, it precludes it. "And most important, and most lacking, are any standards for deciding an application. The EAR reviews applications for licenses ``on a case-by-case basis'' and appears to impose no limits on agency discretion." The Court dissected the export controls' exemption for printed materials at length, calling it "so irrational and administratively unreliable that it may well serve to only exacerbate the potential for self-censorship." The government's "distinction between paper and electronic publication . . . makes little or no sense and is untenable." The Court not only declared that these regulations are invalid and unenforceable, but also prevented the Government from "threatening, detaining, prosecuting, discouraging, or otherwise interfering with plaintiff or any other person described . . . above in the exercise of their federal constitutional rights as declared in this order." The immediate effect of this decision is that Prof. Bernstein may publish his encryption software, and that others may read, use, publish and review it. In addition, others in industry are studying the court's analysis, and might decide to publish their own software on the Internet as well. Pretty Good Privacy, Inc, is one such company, which believes that future courts will find Judge Patel's reasoning persuasive. "We are particularly pleased the court has reconfirmed that computer programs, like other literary works, are accorded full protection under the First Amendment," said Bob Kohn, vice president and general counsel for Pretty Good Privacy. The final form of the judgment will be negotiated between the parties, and presented to the court within a week. The government could either seek an emergency appeal of the injunction, or take up to 60 days from the entry of judgment to appeal. ABOUT THE ATTORNEYS Lead counsel on the case is Cindy Cohn of the San Mateo law firm of McGlashan & Sarrail, who is offering her services pro bono. Major additional legal assistance is being provided by Shari Steele of the Electronic Frontier Foundation; Lee Tien of Berkeley; James Wheaton and Elizabeth Pritzker of the First Amendment Project in Oakland; and Robert Corn-Revere of the Washington, DC, law firm of Hogan & Hartson. ABOUT THE ELECTRONIC FRONTIER FOUNDATION The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is a nonprofit civil liberties organization working in the public interest to protect privacy, free expression, and access to online resources and information. EFF is a primary sponsor of the Bernstein case. EFF helped to find Bernstein pro bono counsel, is a member of the Bernstein legal team, and helped to collect members of the academic community and computer industry to support this case. Full text of the lawsuit and other paperwork filed in the case is available from EFF's online archives at: http://www.eff.org/pub/Privacy/ITAR_export/Bernstein_case/ Scanned images of Monday's decision are available at: http://www.eff.org/pub/Privacy/ITAR_export/Bernstein_case/ Legal/970825_decision.images/ The full text of Monday's decision will soon be available at: http://www.eff.org/pub/Privacy/ITAR_export/Bernstein_case/ Legal/970825.decision Professor Daniel Bernstein will be building his new Constitutionally- protected cryptography web page at: http://pobox.com/~djb/crypto.html Electronic Frontier Foundation Contacts: Shari Steele, Staff Attorney 301/375-8856, ssteele(a)eff.org John Gilmore, Founding Board Member 541/354-6541, gnu(a)toad.com Cindy Cohn, McGlashan & Sarrail 415/341-2585, cindy(a)mcglashan.com

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Quick Money
by helledge＠oilfieldtrash.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

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Need this? Why not?
by Alec McCrackin 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

:: Request-Remailing-To: <aba(a)dcs.ex.ac.uk> Adam, Quoted from PGP Users mail: Check on the pgp-users web page (http://pgp.rivertown.net) for information on all types of remailers, both under pgp-links and remailer-info. BTW did you see that shit-for-brains Toto has been posting (intentionally?) misinformation on the "CC: Trojan" effort. I seen he has dragged you into the light--going so far as to suggest you be fucked to death by his succubus crytotart. He screwed up and posted a message to me to the list! He claims to be "field testing" the CC: machine and rerouting mail. Too much booze in my opinion. "Bad, mad, and dangerous to know." XO Alec

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by catalog＠enforcement.net 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

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by Karen＠aol.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

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DoJ press release on Bernstein case
by John Gilmore 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Forwarded-by: Shari Steele <ssteele(a)eff.org> Department of Justice For Immediate Release Tuesday, August 26, 1997 CIV (202) 616-2777 TDD (202) 514-1888 JUSTICE DEPARTMENT STILL REVIEWING DISTRICT COURT DECISION ON EXPORT CONTROLS ON ENCRYPTION SOFTWARE WASHINGTON, D.C. -- The Justice Department said today it is considering what further legal measures it will take following yesterday's ruling by the U.S. District Court in San Francisco that certain aspects of the government's regulations on the export of encryption software are unconstitutional. Another federal court upheld the export controls on encryption software. The Administration is committed to promoting the legitimate use of encryption. Through encryption--or the coding of messages--businesses can protect trade secrets, hospitals can safeguard medical records, and individuals can be assured that personal messages on the information superhighway remain private. But, as President Clinton stated upon issuing an Executive Order on this subject on November 15, 1996, the use of encryption products by unfriendly parties outside the United States can jeopardize the foreign policy and national security interests of the United States, and public safety of U.S. citizens. Judicial proceedings in Bernstein v. Department of State are not yet concluded, and the decision governs only that case. In March 1996, in another pending case in Washington, D.C., Karn v. Department of State, the District Court ruled that export controls on encryption software are constitutional under the First Amendment and serve important interests of the United States. That case is still pending to consider export controls on encryption now administered by the Commerce Department. Until this issue is resolved, export controls on encryption software remain in place. Individuals or companies wishing to export encryption software by any means must continue to adhere to applicable export licensing controls on such software before exporting it abroad. ### 97-351

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