December 2003 - cypherpunks-legacy

Remote Sensing ??
by Justin Lister 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Well this is probably isn't directly related, but what the heck we have seen plenty of non-related threads before. I was wondering if anyone here has any knowledge on remote sensing, in particular who, currently (ie. alive) is the leading researcher in the field. By remote sensing, I am refering to satelite/aircraft sensoring/analysis. I could probably justify it by asking if anyone has any knowledge of three letter agencies abilities, hmmm so what if you have 1024bit key, they are scanning for keystroke signals. B) -- +---------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ | ____ ___ | Justin Lister ruf(a)cs.uow.edu.au | | | \\ /\ __\ | Center for Computer Security Research | | | |) / \_/ / |_ | Dept. Computer Science voice: 61-42-214-330 | | | _ \\ /| _/ | University of Wollongong fax: 61-42-214-329 | | |_/ \/ \_/ |_| (tm) | Computer Security a utopian dream... | | | LiNuX - the only justification for using iNTeL | +---------------------+--------------------------------------------------+

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Cypherpunk trademarks
by rishab＠dxm.ernet.in 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Tim May wrote: > "Digidollar" was one of the many names coined by folks on this list, > along with Cypherbucks, Digimarks, etc. I doubt whether DigiCash (tm DigiCash bv?) was actually thought of by Chaum - the name probably floated around first. Time for all bright cypherpunks to run to the PTO? After all, if you thought of it, trademark it... ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rishab Aiyer Ghosh "Clean the air! clean the sky! wash the wind! rishab(a)dxm.ernet.in take stone from stone and wash them..." Voice/Fax/Data +91 11 6853410 Voicemail +91 11 3760335 H 34C Saket, New Delhi 110017, INDIA

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List of reliable remailers
by Raph Levien 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I operate a remailer pinging service which collects detailed information about remailer features and reliability. To use it, just finger remailer-list(a)kiwi.cs.berkeley.edu There is also a Web version of the same information, plus lots of interesting links to remailer-related resources, at: http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~raph/remailer-list.html This information is used by premail, a remailer chaining and PGP encrypting client for outgoing mail. For more information, see: http://www.c2.org/~raph/premail.html For the PGP public keys of the remailers, finger pgpkeys(a)kiwi.cs.berkeley.edu This is the current info: REMAILER LIST This is an automatically generated listing of remailers. The first part of the listing shows the remailers along with configuration options and special features for each of the remailers. The second part shows the 12-day history, and average latency and uptime for each remailer. You can also get this list by fingering remailer-list(a)kiwi.cs.berkeley.edu. $remailer{'cyber'} = '<alias(a)alias.cyberpass.net> alpha pgp'; $remailer{"mix"} = "<mixmaster(a)remail.obscura.com> cpunk mix pgp hash latent cut ek ksub reord ?"; $remailer{"replay"} = "<remailer(a)replay.com> cpunk mix pgp hash latent cut post ek"; $remailer{"lucifer"} = "<lucifer(a)dhp.com> cpunk mix pgp hash latent cut ek"; $remailer{"jam"} = "<remailer(a)cypherpunks.ca> cpunk mix pgp hash middle latent cut ek"; $remailer{"winsock"} = "<winsock(a)rigel.cyberpass.net> cpunk pgp pgponly hash cut ksub reord ?"; $remailer{'nym'} = '<config(a)nym.alias.net> newnym pgp'; $remailer{"balls"} = "<remailer(a)huge.cajones.com> cpunk pgp hash latent cut ek"; $remailer{"squirrel"} = "<mix(a)squirrel.owl.de> cpunk mix pgp pgponly hash latent cut ek"; $remailer{"middle"} = "<middleman(a)jpunix.com> cpunk mix pgp hash latent cut ek reord"; $remailer{'weasel'} = '<config(a)weasel.owl.de> newnym pgp'; $remailer{"reno"} = "<middleman(a)cyberpass.net> cpunk mix pgp hash middle latent cut ek reord ?"; $remailer{"wazoo"} = "<remailer(a)wazoo.com> cpunk mix pgp hash latent cut ek"; $remailer{"hidden"} = "<remailer(a)hidden.net> cpunk pgp pgponly hash latent cut"; $remailer{"cracker"} = "<remailer(a)anon.efga.org> cpunk mix remix pgp hash esub latent cut ek reord"; $remailer{'redneck'} = '<config(a)anon.efga.org> newnym pgp'; $remailer{"bureau42"} = "<remailer(a)bureau42.ml.org> cpunk mix pgp hash latent cut ek"; $remailer{"magus"} = "<mix(a)magusnet.com> cpunk mix pgp hash latent cut post"; $remailer{"neva"} = "<remailer(a)neva.org> cpunk pgp pgponly hash cut ksub ?"; $remailer{"lcs"} = "<mix(a)anon.lcs.mit.edu> mix"; $remailer{"medusa"} = "<medusa(a)weasel.owl.de> mix middle" $remailer{"McCain"} = "<mccain(a)notatla.demon.co.uk> mix middle"; $remailer{"valdeez"} = "<valdeez(a)juno.com> cpunk pgp pgponly hash ek"; $remailer{"arrid"} = "<arrid(a)juno.com> cpunk pgp pgponly hash ek"; $remailer{"hera"} = "<goddesshera(a)juno.com> cpunk pgp pgponly hash ek"; catalyst(a)netcom.com is _not_ a remailer. lmccarth(a)ducie.cs.umass.edu is _not_ a remailer. usura(a)replay.com is _not_ a remailer. remailer(a)crynwr.com is _not_ a remailer. There is no remailer at relay.com. Groups of remailers sharing a machine or operator: (cyber mix reno winsock) (weasel squirrel medusa) (cracker redneck) (nym lcs) (valdeez arrid hera) The remailer list here has been out of date for some time, but should be up to date now. I'm still working on updating the web page. Last update: Mon 21 Jul 97 6:47:21 PDT remailer email address history latency uptime ----------------------------------------------------------------------- weasel config(a)weasel.owl.de --++-+++-+++ 1:51:14 99.99% nym config(a)nym.alias.net *#*#+**##### :46 99.96% magus mix(a)magusnet.com #---+ 1:01:47 99.95% redneck config(a)anon.efga.org #*-* 34:45 99.93% hera goddesshera(a)juno.com +---- 3:35:09 99.89% bureau42 remailer(a)bureau42.ml.org *---- 4:30:03 99.78% squirrel mix(a)squirrel.owl.de --+++ ++-+++ 1:47:37 99.72% valdeez valdeez(a)juno.com *.-- 2:05:19 99.68% cracker remailer(a)anon.efga.org *+ -+ 52:45 99.38% winsock winsock(a)rigel.cyberpass.net ------- .-++ 5:20:51 98.86% cyber alias(a)alias.cyberpass.net ****** ***+ 10:15 98.20% reno middleman(a)cyberpass.net **+ --- .-+ 6:04:59 97.28% replay remailer(a)replay.com *** ** ** 4:33 94.56% arrid arrid(a)juno.com +--- 2:38:00 94.19% jam remailer(a)cypherpunks.ca ** **** 31:02 86.54% mix mixmaster(a)remail.obscura.com .-*.+** ** 2:13:27 84.97% neva remailer(a)neva.org #-* 44:30 84.63% History key * # response in less than 5 minutes. * * response in less than 1 hour. * + response in less than 4 hours. * - response in less than 24 hours. * . response in more than 1 day. * _ response came back too late (more than 2 days). cpunk A major class of remailers. Supports Request-Remailing-To: field. eric A variant of the cpunk style. Uses Anon-Send-To: instead. penet The third class of remailers (at least for right now). Uses X-Anon-To: in the header. pgp Remailer supports encryption with PGP. A period after the keyword means that the short name, rather than the full email address, should be used as the encryption key ID. hash Supports ## pasting, so anything can be put into the headers of outgoing messages. ksub Remailer always kills subject header, even in non-pgp mode. nsub Remailer always preserves subject header, even in pgp mode. latent Supports Matt Ghio's Latent-Time: option. cut Supports Matt Ghio's Cutmarks: option. post Post to Usenet using Post-To: or Anon-Post-To: header. ek Encrypt responses in reply blocks using Encrypt-Key: header. special Accepts only pgp encrypted messages. mix Can accept messages in Mixmaster format. reord Attempts to foil traffic analysis by reordering messages. Note: I'm relying on the word of the remailer operator here, and haven't verified the reord info myself. mon Remailer has been known to monitor contents of private email. filter Remailer has been known to filter messages based on content. If not listed in conjunction with mon, then only messages destined for public forums are subject to filtering. Raph Levien

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Taxation and participatory democracy
by rishab＠dxm.ernet.in 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Tim May: > In any case, something is a "market price" if one can walk away from > the transaction. I know of almost nothing the U.S. government calls a > "tax" that taxpayers are free to walk away from, to not pay (and thus > not receive the service). > > If Jason is arguing that goods and services will be bought and paid > for in cyberspace, who could disagree with this? They're just not > taxes. Of course taxes were originally meant to be payment for services (at least in democracies - even US taxes are not quite the same as the half-your-crop exploits of kings and modern despots). Taxes were to be compulsory where the services were, to - it's difficult to say that you don't need the police, or the roads, when you live in a community where you do benefit from them in any case. The same is true for basic amenities (sewage, water...) in countries that have a government monopoly on such things. With the ever-increasing complexity of governments, the taxes you pay have been far removed from the use they are finally put to, and a tax-payer's involvement in the decision of their use is remote (or non-existent, in the case of secret defense or intelligence budgets). There have been occasional suggestions that the use of taxes should be specified at the time of payment, rather as one can do with donations to many charities. Most economists think such hypothecated taxes impractical. So does The Economist - in "Taxing credulity" (August 20-26) it says that, while compelling, such taxes are unworkable in practise and result in increased public spending. Basically the problem is that changes in allocation of monies cannot be made fast enough, the reason why we have _representative_ democracy rather than _participatory_ democracy with universal involvement. I saw a good article some years ago in Telecomputing (?) magazine on how electronic networking could change things. As I outlined in some posts last week, the _necessity_ of government (as we experience it today, against highly distributed Internet-style administration) is doubtful. Taxation is but a pinhole in the colander of its flaws. However, the alternative comes from a cyberspace just 0.5% of the world's population. Change is hardly likely to come soon. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rishab Aiyer Ghosh "Clean the air! clean the sky! wash the wind! rishab(a)dxm.ernet.in take stone from stone and wash them..." Voice/Fax/Data +91 11 6853410 Voicemail +91 11 3760335 H 34C Saket, New Delhi 110017, INDIA

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Walk away from your troubles
by rishab＠dxm.ernet.in 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

solman(a)MIT.EDU (Jason W Solinsky): > True enough. Most of our rules have been bundled together. Either you accept > all of them or you walk away. So Tim, if you don't like the FBI monitoring > all of your communications and requiring you to give them copies of all > your secret keys, why don't you just leave? [or are you planing to do that?] And when all countries follow the lead of The World's Only Superpower in this great New World Order, what then? "Stop the Earth, I wanna get of!" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rishab Aiyer Ghosh "Clean the air! clean the sky! wash the wind! rishab(a)dxm.ernet.in take stone from stone and wash them..." Voice/Fax/Data +91 11 6853410 Voicemail +91 11 3760335 H 34C Saket, New Delhi 110017, INDIA

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re: geodesic -- FPGAs
by Ryan Lackey 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

FPGAs lack in dynamic reconfigurability. However, a friend of mine from the institute (now graduated and off in california) developed a bloody-fast reprogrammable chip (I think it can be arbitrarily reprogrammed in a clock cycle or so). Needless to say, this is a really wonderful toy -- they seem to want to use them for "communications processors", like modem control chips and stuff, but I can think of many more uses for them. I think they're talking about being able to ship them in a couple years -- I know I'm going to try to use whatever influence I have to get at least a development kit. Think about the potential for iteratively-improved static designs, if not for truly dynamic designs. (there is some cs theory in the area of real-time reconfigurable processors, but it's hard, not all that well explored) As well, you could always use something like this in a traditional massively-parallel codebreaking device, perhaps stepping through keys in silicon rather than in memory. Very cool toys. I want one.

1 0

Digicash and loose change
by rishab＠dxm.ernet.in 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

rah(a)shipwright.com: > I'll try to to come at this from another tack. Cryptography gives > anonymity. Anononymity reduces the overhead. The reduced overhead should > make digital cash more economically efficient than on-line systems like > NetBank, or credit-cards or much of anything else, at the moment. The If someone did an operation count of Brands' digicash protocol, I wouldn't be surprised if it showed much more processing than, for instance, the simple public (or even secret) key encrypt-a-credit-card-number scheme. The latter has the overhead of transaction management - but the table lookup of databases is much simpler than modular exponentiation. Then there's the 'loose change' problem - one I haven't seen discussed too much. It seems that Bob will have to total up whatever he received from Alice and anyone else, then have notes _reissued_ from the bank in his chosen denominations - otherwise Bob could double-spend _Alice_'s cash, exposing her identity and getting away scot-free himself. The loose change is in choosing the note denominations - you don't have to go to a bank to change a 100 in 'real life'. Compare this with paper money. Cash has to be printed. Granted this is cheap, particularly with US Dollars, probably the easiest currency to forge. (Even Indian Rupees are gravure printed in multiple colours and textures. I was really laughing at the discussion here a while ago on how easy it is to pull out the metal strip from dollars - Rupees have metal woven in to the paper, which reflects light at an angle and is opaque, black, when seen through). Then there's the overhead of distribution, the 'loose change' - how many suitcase-fulls to buy a Boeing? Cheques (drafts, cards) are much simpler. There is a one-time overhead of customer verification when you get your account. Transaction-time verification is relatively simple. The additional overhead of transaction record management is easily implemented even in existing electronic systems. If it weren't for Cypherpunks, anonymous cash would die a natural death as money gets wired. Anon cash _is_ value added. And I don't see why there shouldn't be a market. We have least 700 already ;-) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rishab Aiyer Ghosh "Clean the air! clean the sky! wash the wind! rishab(a)dxm.ernet.in take stone from stone and wash them..." Voice/Fax/Data +91 11 6853410 Voicemail +91 11 3760335 H 34C Saket, New Delhi 110017, INDIA

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Something of Interest (fwd)
by Alan 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I recieved this today via e-mail. I find it strange since I have never asked to be put on any sort of "interest list" by anyone at the IRS. (And my Cypherpunks mail shows up at a different address. Did anyone else get this? alano(a)teleport.com | "Those who are without history are doomed to retype it." ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Return-Path: irsnwpr(a)net.insp.irs.gov Received: from tcs_gateway1.treas.gov (tcs-gateway1.treas.gov [204.151.245.2]) by desiree.teleport.com (8.8.5/8.7.3) with SMTP id PAA28119; Fri, 18 Jul 1997 15:49:41 -0700 (PDT) Received: by tcs_gateway1.treas.gov id AA19658 (InterLock SMTP Gateway 3.0); Fri, 18 Jul 1997 18:47:00 -0400 Received: by tcs_gateway1.treas.gov (Internal Mail Agent-2); Fri, 18 Jul 1997 18:47:00 -0400 Received: by tcs_gateway1.treas.gov (Internal Mail Agent-1); Fri, 18 Jul 1997 18:47:00 -0400 Date: Thu, 17 Jul 1997 12:29:08 -0400 From: IRS Inspection <irsnwpr(a)net.insp.irs.gov> Message-Id: <199707171629.MAA02733(a)net.insp.irs.gov> To: Interested-Parties(a)net.insp.irs.gov Subject: Something of Interest United States Attorney Western District of Washington FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 18, 1997 JAMES D. BELL PLEADS GUILTY TO OBSTRUCTING THE IRS AND USING FALSE SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS United States Attorney Kate Pflaumer announced that JAMES DALTON BELL, 39, pleaded guilty today in the federal court in Tacoma to two felony charges. BELL, a resident of Vancouver, Washington, pleaded guilty to obstructing and impeding the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), and to falsely using a social security number with the intent to deceive. United States District Court Judge Franklin D. Burgess presided over today's proceedings. The charges stem from an investigation initiated in October, 1996 by IRS Internal Security Inspectors into reports that BELL was gathering the names and home addresses of IRS employees. In previous court hearings, IRS Inspectors testified that BELL had obtained the names and home addresses of 70 IRS employees as part of "Operation LocatIRS." In the eight page plea agreement signed by BELL, he acknowledged that he had gathered the names and addresses of the IRS employees in order to intimidate them in the performance of their official duties. During the course of their investigation, IRS Inspectors discovered that BELL was advocating a scheme called "Assassination Politics", whereby persons would be rewarded with "digital cash" for killing certain undesirable people. BELL identified these undesirables as government employees, such as IRS employees, who would be intimidated from enforcing internal revenue laws for fear of being assassinated. In the plea agreement, BELL admitted that he suggested using "Assassination Politics" as an enforcement mechanism for the "Multnomah County Common Law Court", and that this was part of his effort to obstruct and impede the enforcement of internal revenue laws. In affidavits previously filed in this case, IRS investigators identified BELL as a participant in the "Multnomah County Common Law Court", which was described as a self-appointed anti-government extremist group which purports to hold "trials" of IRS and other Government employees for the performance of their official duties. The affidavits indicated that in January, 1997 the "Multnomah County Common Law Court" held a "trial" of IRS and other Government officials. In the plea agreement, BELL also admitted that on March 16, 1997, he conducted a chemical "stink bomb" attack on the IRS office in Vancouver, Washington, using the noxious chemical mercaptan. In affidavits filed with the Court, IRS Inspectors tied BELL to two previous mercaptan attacks against non-government targets: one being a lawyer's office in 1984, and the other a vehicle in 1989. The IRS investigators also linked BELL to two purchase orders for noxious chemicals, one in 1994 and one in 1996. According to the plea agreement, the attack on the IRS office resulted in a cost to the government of $1,359, and caused a number of IRS employees to have to leave work. In an affidavit previously filed in this case, IRS Inspectors indicated that the mercaptan attack may have been linked to the February 20, 1997 seizure of BELL's vehicle by the IRS for unpaid taxes. As part of the plea agreement, BELL also admitted that he used several different social security numbers in order to hide assets from the IRS and thus to impede the IRS's ability to collect taxes he owed and to prevent the IRS from levying his wages. Federal agents had previously executed two search warrants on BELL's residence. On April 1, 1997, IRS agents seized computers, documents, and firearms during a search. In a follow-up search, the Environmental Protection Agency seized a variety of dangerous chemicals which had been discovered during the execution of the IRS warrant. BELL was arrested by IRS Inspectors on May 16, 1997. BELL continues to be held in custody based on a May 23, 1997 ruling by Magistrate Judge J. Kelley Arnold that BELL posed a danger to the community and was a flight risk. BELL faces a maximum sentence of three years in prison and a $250,000 fine for the obstruction charge, and five years and a $250,000 fine for using a phony social security number. The IRS received assistance in the investigation of BELL from the Portland Police Bureau, Oregon Department of Justice, Oregon State Police, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Vancouver, Washington Police Department.

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Hashcash for Emacs
by Paul Foley 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

;;; hashcash.el --- Add hashcash payments to email ;; Copyright (C) 1997 Paul E. Foley ;; Maintainer: Paul Foley <mycroft(a)actrix.gen.nz> ;; Keywords: mail, hashcash ;; Released under the GNU General Public License (defvar hashcash-default-payment 12) (defvar hashcash-payment-alist nil) (defvar hashcash "/home/paul/bin/hashcash") (require 'mail-utils) (defun hashcash-generate-payment (str val) "Generate a hashcash payment by finding a VAL-bit collison on STR." (let ((old-buffer (current-buffer)) (hc (get-buffer-create "*hashcash*")) pos) (set-buffer hc) (erase-buffer) (goto-char (point-max)) (call-process hashcash nil hc nil (concat "-" val) str) (goto-char (point-max)) (re-search-backward "collision: ") (forward-char 11) (setq pos (point-marker)) (end-of-line) (setq payment (buffer-substring pos (point))) (set-buffer old-buffer)) (concat payment "\n")) (defun mail-add-payment (arg) "Add an X-Payment: header with a hashcash payment for each recipient address Prefix arg means non-default payment amount. Also uses hashcash-payment-alist." (interactive "P") (unwind-protect (save-excursion (goto-char (point-min)) (re-search-forward (concat "^" (regexp-quote mail-header-separator) "\n")) (previous-line 1) (let ((end (point-marker)) (case-fold-search t)) (goto-char (point-min)) (while (re-search-forward "^\$to\\|cc\$:" end t) (let ((to-line (mail-strip-quoted-names (buffer-substring (point) (progn (if (re-search-forward "^[^ \t\n]" end t) (backward-char 1) (goto-char end)) (point)))))) (while (not (equal "" to-line)) (let ((address (substring to-line 0 (string-match "," to-line)))) (if (string-match "," to-line) (setq to-line (substring to-line (string-match "," to-line))) (setq to-line "")) (while (eq 0 (string-match "[, \t]" to-line)) (setq to-line (substring to-line 1))) ;; look up hashcash-payment-alist (let ((pay (assoc address hashcash-payment-alist)) (price (if (null arg) hashcash-default-payment (prefix-numeric-value arg)))) (if pay (if (eq 1 (length (cdr pay))) (setq price (car (cdr pay))) (progn (setq address (car (cdr pay))) (setq price (car (cdr (cdr pay))))))) (insert-before-markers "X-Payment: " (hashcash-generate-payment address price))))))))))) -- Paul Foley <mycroft(a)actrix.gen.nz> --- PGP-encrypted mail preferred PGP key ID 0x1CA3386D available from keyservers fingerprint = 4A 76 83 D8 99 BC ED 33 C5 02 81 C9 BF 7A 91 E8 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: All email will be directed to my "junk" mailbox unless a 12-bit hashcash payment is attached on an X-Payment: header. Send me mail with the subject "get hashcash info" for information. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- If there is a possibility of several things going wrong, the one that will cause the most damage will be the one to go wrong.

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No Subject
by Brands.cash＠dxm.ernet.in 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

"Rick H. Wesson" <wessorh(a)ar.com>: > I liked your description of Brans Cash. I'd like to turn your description > into psudo-code or Perl whichever comes first and you are more comfortable > with reviewing. Anyone lese interested in developing a bit of perl as an > example of Brands cash in action? If I remember his old posting, it's heavily patented, or will be, or whatever. He's apparently quite serious about making cash (pun intended) and had asked for 'commercial alliances' or some such. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rishab Aiyer Ghosh "Clean the air! clean the sky! wash the wind! rishab(a)dxm.ernet.in take stone from stone and wash them..." Voice/Fax/Data +91 11 6853410 Voicemail +91 11 3760335 H 34C Saket, New Delhi 110017, INDIA

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TEST IGNORE
by (unavailable) (unavailable) 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I told you to ignore it, didn't I? ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com

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CDT's Berman Opposes Online Anonymity
by nobody＠REPLAY.COM 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION WASHINGTON OFFICE 122 Maryland Avenue, NE November 1, 1985 Washington, DC 20002 -------------------- National Headquarters Mr. David Chaum 132 West 43rd Street Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science New York. NY 10036 P.O. Box 4079 (212) 944-9800 19O9 AB Amsterdam Norman Dorsen President Dear Mr. Chaum: Ira Glasser Executive Director Eleanor Holmes Norton CHAIR National Advisory Council Thank you for sending me a most interesting article. A society of individuals and organizations that would expend the time and resources to use a series of 'digital pseudonyms' to avoid data linkage does not in my opinion make big brother obsolete but acts on the assumption that big brother is ever present. I view your system as a form of societal paranoia. As a matter of principle, we are working to enact formal legal protections for individual privacy rather than relying on technical solutions. We want to assume a society of law which respects legal limits rather than a society that will disobey the law, requiring citizens to depend on technical solutions. e.g. require a judical warrant for government interception of data communications rather than encrypt all messages on the assumption that regardless of the lawt the government will abuse its power and invade privacy. As a matter of practicality, I do not think your system offers much hope for privacy. First, the trend toward universal identifiers is as much a movement generated by government or industry's desire to keep track of all citizens as it is by citizens seeking simplicity and convenience in all transactions. At best, your system would benefit the sophisticated and most would opt for simplicity. The poor and the undereducated would never use or benefit from it. Finally where there's a will, there's a way. If government wants to link data bases, it will, by law, require the disclosure of various individual pseudonyms used by citizens or prohibit it for data bases which the government wants to link. Since corporations make money by trading commercial lists with one another, they will never adopt the system or if it is adopted, will use "fine printn contracts to permit selling various codes used by their customers to other firms. The solution remains law, policy, and consensus about limits on government or corporate intrusion into areas of individual autonomy. Technique can be used to enforce that consensus or to override it. It cannot be used as a substitute for such consensus. Sincerely Yours, /Sig/ Jerry J. Berman Chief Legislative Counsel & Direrector ACLU Privacy Technology Project cc: John Shattuck

5 9

House Tries to Liberate ICs
by Duncan Frissell 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Notice how the following article does not mention the fact that ICs sometimes neglect to send those quarterly tax payments in on time and this is why the Feds dislike them. It's not going to happen, but it would be fun if it did... July 20, 1997 Item in Tax Bill Poses a Threat to Job Benefits By STEVEN GREENHOUSE In Congress and in thousands of workplaces, the nation's business community is seeking to change longstanding rules and practices to turn many people classified as employees into independent contractors -- a move that could cause many Americans to lose health insurance and pension and unemployment insurance benefits. In a little-noticed provision in its tax bill, the House of Representatives has approved a new -- and, many experts say, more inclusive -- test to determine who is an independent contractor. The Clinton administration is fighting the provision, asserting that it would strip millions of workers of their basic benefits. But business groups say the legislation is needed to clarify the often fuzzy definition of who is an independent contractor. Outside Capitol Hill, employers ranging from small construction companies to giants like Microsoft and Pacific Bell are increasingly hiring new workers as independent contractors rather than as traditional employees -- a not entirely new practice that is expanding rapidly as employers strain to cut costs. Such a strategy not only gives employers more flexibility to shrink their work forces, but it saves them thousands of dollars per worker because companies do not have to make Social Security, Medicare, unemployment insurance or workers' compensation contributions for independent contractors. "What's clear is employers are seeking increasingly to have more flexible arrangements," said Sara Horowitz, the executive director of Working Today, an advocacy group on workplace issues. "But what that means in reality is people are working increasingly without benefits. They're working not only without health coverage but without the protections of the major labor legislation of this century: pensions, minimum wage, occupational safety, unemployment insurance, age discrimination. The list goes on." Opponents of this practice say companies are wrongly lumping people usually considered employees, like truck drivers and middle-level managers, into the independent contractor category, which traditionally referred to people in business for themselves. At last year's Olympic Games in Atlanta, for example, several hundred broadcast technicians hired by the Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games had to sign contracts saying they were freelance independent contractors rather than employees, who are protected by overtime and unemployment insurance laws. A Maryland catering company that books 1,000 events a year insists that the 75 waiters it hires on average for each event are independent contractors, not employees. Texas A&M University recently hired 400 low-wage farm workers for its 18 agricultural extension programs and classified them as independent contractors rather than employees -- a move the IRS found to be illegal. Pacific Bell laid off hundreds of experienced middle managers several years ago and has hired many of them back as independent contractors, but without the health insurance, pension plan and unemployment coverage they used to have. Corporate America defends the trend toward hiring independent contractors, saying it gives companies the flexibility to cut back easily during downturns. Business groups also assert that because this is an age when Americans are becoming more entrepreneurial and are increasingly working at home thanks to computers, it only makes sense to classify more workers as contractors. The corporate groups that have persuaded the House and are pushing the Senate to rewrite the definition of who is an independent contractor contend that the legislation is needed because the common-law definition is arcane and vague. They say that because many companies fear harsh IRS punishment, existing law pushes employers to classify workers as employees when they should be considered independent contractors. Nelson Litterst, manager of legislative affairs for the National Federation of Independent Business, a small-business group that is pushing hard for the legislation, said: "The interest of small business has never been to find loopholes in the law to create wholesale switches of workers to independent contractors. Our intention is to clarify the definition so there is less of a gray area." But a senior Treasury Department official argued that the provision passed by the House appeared intended to greatly increase the number of independent contractors, currently 8.3 million. "The number of employees who will be shifted will be in the millions," said the official, who characterized the House legislation as far broader than traditional definitions of independent contractor. "I'm not even sure if I would characterize this provision as a sieve. A sieve at least strains things out." Martin Regalia, chief economist for the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, interprets the House language far more restrictively, saying it merely defines borders instead of opening up new territory. "To allege there will be wholesale expansion of independent contractors and that thousands of individuals will lose their benefits is pure rhetoric," he said. The AFL-CIO is working to torpedo the House provision on independent contractors, insisting that it would eliminate basic protections for millions of workers, creating a cost advantage for many employers that would in turn push their competitors to transform their workers into independent contractors. That trend is especially worrisome for organized labor, which is struggling to increase its ebbing numbers, because independent contractors are not allowed to form or join unions under federal labor law. "What you have here is another window into the Republican leadership's view of the role of government," said Peggy Taylor, the labor federation's director of legislative affairs. "In this instance, they're trying to put government on the side of those corporations and employers who want to get away from any responsibilities for the people who work for them." Because the House included the independent contractor provision in its tax bill, but the Senate inserted no such language in its tax bill, administration officials and members of Congress say it is hard to predict whether conferees will keep the provision in the final tax bill. The House language, introduced by Rep. Jon Christensen, R-Neb., sets up three tests to determine who is an independent contractor: First, there should be a written contract between the worker and the company. Second, the worker has a principal place of business that is not the company's, does not work primarily at the company's place of business or rents an office at the company. An alternative second test is whether the worker is not required to work exclusively for the company and whether the worker performed a significant amount of work for other companies the previous year. If a worker meets the first and second tests, satisfying any of the following criteria makes a worker an independent contractor: The worker has "a significant investment in assets and/or training," the worker is primarily paid on commission, the worker has significant unreimbursed expenses or the worker's service is for a specific amount of time to complete a specific task. Regalia, the Chamber of Commerce economist, said these criteria would create far more certainty than the common-law test, which turns on whether the employer controls not just the results of a worker's service but the means a worker uses, such as the route a worker drives or how a worker dresses. But analyses prepared by the Clinton administration and the AFL-CIO indicate that the new test will sweep many more workers into the independent contractor category. Pizza deliverers could easily become independent contractors because they do not work primarily on their company's place of business, they own their cars (a significant investment in assets), and they obtain most earnings from tips (primarily paid by commissions). Similarly, carpenters and painters might overwhelmingly be considered independent contractors because they own their tools (a significant investment in assets), they do no work on their company's premises and they might sign a contract to do a specific job over a specific period. According to the Treasury, many secretaries could become independent contractors if companies pay them a little extra and then require them to buy their own computers and pay a modest rent for their offices. Business groups criticize these analyses as ludicrous, insisting that corporations will not do wholesale reclassifications of traditional employees into contractors. The AFL-CIO is leading the campaign to kill the provision in conference, arguing that when employees are turned into independent contractors, society at large will often have to foot the bill for those without health insurance or pensions. . Organized labor and businesses are fighting about independent contractors in another forum: the National Labor Relations Board. There, they are disputing whether truck drivers for the Roadway Package System and for Dial-a-Mattress should be considered independent contractors. If the board does not find them to be employees, that will be a huge setback to organized labor because independent contractors do not have the protections of the National Labor Relations Act to form unions and bargain collectively. "We're heading into a two-tiered economy," said Ms. Horowitz of Working Today, the advocacy group. "The first tier has a New Deal safety net, protected by all the different labor laws. Then there is a second tier that's short term, flexible, many of them independent contractors. That tier doesn't receive benefits or labor law protections. "The labor law and social protections are completely out of sync with this work force. If the rules of the game are changing and people are going to become independent contractors, then we have to have a new safety net that serves these people, too." -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: PGP for Personal Privacy 5.0 Charset: noconv iQCVAwUBM9OofoVO4r4sgSPhAQG2HAP+Kn3regmCciIBgKc3bJcmhYmY8ZkSrdIB M8k3Vv/I8aI6kWaCxDbynOUAklYFvVCqdIL3e+64iThZL+utbQTPEMoFsSWddScg YiemE38KB3a6RlgrYqtECMyVCKOjj57SVDS//tqp0XKAm8IwAdy7fD2gVDuW7rlL cSFdSDxEjNQ= =FhWm -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

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Re: HISTORY - pre-CDA, "compromise", untrue civil-liberties groups
by Declan McCullagh 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Fri, 18 Jul 1997 19:18:56 -0700 (PDT) From: Declan McCullagh <declan(a)well.com> To: Danny Yee <danny(a)staff.cs.usyd.edu.au> Cc: fight-censorship(a)vorlon.mit.edu Subject: Re: HISTORY - pre-CDA, "compromise", untrue civil-liberties groups I believe the ACLU gets most of its money from individual contributions. (I may be remembering this from a conversation with some ACLUers.) But Jonah has a point below. What's important is not just which corporations fund a group, but whether the group sets policies based on its funders' desires. I know the Cato Institute, for instance, lost money from corporate funders during the Gulf War because of Cato's principled pacifist stance. I suspect EPIC has remained at its modest (but effective) size because of its principled uncompromising stance. This goes back to the original debate: pragmatism vs. principle. How do you stand on principle and remain an effective advocate in Washington? If you navigate the route of pragmatism and compromise, what does that mean for civil liberties? Can you avoid compromising them away? I'm reminded of a scene in Lord of the Rings. Frodo offers the Ring to Galadriel. She hesitates, then declines. She says she would have been tempted by its power -- but transformed by it. "I will diminish, and remain Galadriel." (This is from memory. It's been more than a couple years.) -Declan On Sat, 19 Jul 1997, Danny Yee wrote: > > From: Jonah Seiger <jseiger(a)cdt.org> > > What critics on this list seem to fail to understand is that CDT, EFF, > > EPIC, ACLU, etc. get financial support based on our positions and goals, > > not the other way around. > > Amnesty International does not accept funding from any state. It seems > to me that there's a very good reason for that. > > I'd be interested to see a list of financial supporters of the ACLU > and EFF. > > Danny Yee.

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Interesting Question..
by David D.W. Downey 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Here is an interesting question. The U.S government has classified encryption software as a munitions under the U.S ITAR regulations, which will limit the export of same. They rarely if ever approve an export unless they have thoroughly inspected it and have been given certain shall we say assurances. Next they develop a number of different chips that rely on a classified algorythm, which incidently they developed. They say that they want the entire population of the U.S to use these chips, going so far as to use their market power to put additional pressure on enterprises to manufacture and use these chips. Next the FBI howls thatt they need a law to ban domestic non-escrowed encryption. Then we have the Congress trying to pass stricter laws regarding encryption while screaming that they have to protect the children from all this nasty stuff on the web. This they scream even though they can't pass a balanced budget or manage to find enough money to educate those self same kids. Next we have us, the general public, who are worried that the government will abuse this proposed system. The government says they won't, which we are supposed to believe even though their track record shows that we can't trust them past the first money trough that comes their way. That leaves one final question. How long until they stop asking and pleading and start demanding we use this system of theirs. How long until we become criminals by enacting our right not to use it? Interesting, don't you think?

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Crypto implants
by Steve Schear 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

[I could find no instance in the cypherpunks archives of this thread. Forgive me if I've erred.] As single chip crypto devices are now available (e.g., smart cards) it is not unreasonable to ask how the implantation of advanced bio-chips may challenge current notions of civil liberties. A key US legal assumption of privacy is that one has an unlimited right to one's thoughts but limited rights to ones ideas reduced to tangible form and to communications. (The threads regarding the ability of the courts to cause the a witness to disgorge a crypto key are closely related.) Another civil liberty is the assumption that one owns and controls one's body (unless arrested/imprisoned) and the government may not alter or injure your body. Most citizens and hopefully the courts would find invasion of this most sacrosanct part of one's being are repugnant. An implied aspects of the privacy-crypto debate is that mechanical/electronic devices outside of one's body are required for use of crypto. But what happens if a person's body is augmented for various purposes, including data storage, crypto and communications? Unless a proven crime were committed via these devices, is it feasible that a person could be forced to submit to removal of an implant or to disgorge their data contents? --Steve PGP mail preferred, see http://web.mit.edu/network/pgp.html PGP Fingerprint: FE 90 1A 95 9D EA 8D 61 81 2E CC A9 A4 4A FB A9 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Steve Schear (N7ZEZ) | Internet: azur(a)netcom.com 7075 West Gowan Road | Voice: 1-702-658-2654 Suite 2148 | Fax: 1-702-658-2673 Las Vegas, NV 89129 | --------------------------------------------------------------------- God grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change; The courage to change the things I can; The weapons that make the difference; And the wisdom to hide the bodies of the people that got in my way;-) "Surveilence is ultimately just another form of media, and thus, potential entertainment." --G. Beato "We've all heard that a million monkeys banging on a million typewriters will eventually reproduce the entire works of Shakespeare. Now, thanks to the Internet, we know this is not true." -- Dr. Robert Silensky

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Re: In Search of Genuine DigiCash
by Pierre Uszynski 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Linn Stanton <lstanton(a)sten.lehman.com> writes: > > hughes(a)ah.com (Eric Hughes) writes: > > [I read somewhere] ~"The cost of compliance in a typical USA > > bank is 14% of operating costs."~ > > The real figure we need is not the US cost of compliance, > but the difference between US costs and costs in other major banking > markets. Well... not if we compare to an unregulated cypherbank. What WE (cypherpunks) need to know is also how much of our taxes go to the government side of this regulatory activity. I'm not sure cypherpunks are ready to wait for deregulation to happen :-) >From the customer's point of view, if not the bank's point of view, there is the cost of creating and maintaining all these laws, agencies, and regulations. So not only the bank customers end up somehow paying the bank's cost of compliance (as typically the individual customers may be less susceptible to foreign bank competition than the shareholders who may be more easily convinced to invest in foreign banks), but the tax payers (be they customers or shareholders) end up paying the government side of this regulatory activity. Complete the picture by figuring in there the taxes paid by the bank to maintain the regulations ;-). Perpetual Travellers who bank in cypherspace and run cypherbusinesses for fun and profit end up winning several ways. Their banks can afford to pay better interest and charge less per transaction. They are not taxed to fund regulatory efforts, and they have a competitive advantage over regulated businesses. (In the short term, though, they have a major reputation (or lack thereof) or tradition problem to overcome.) They also take risks (testing unproven markets, trusting unproven business and crypto protocols, losing money to penultimate transaction cheaters...) Pierre. pierre(a)shell.portal.com

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Governments and repression
by rishab＠dxm.ernet.in 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

jamesd(a)netcom.com: > Obviously most people do not call MIT a government. > > And if MIT built some prison cells under the Admin building and started > locking people up in the dungeons for long periods, then people would > call MIT a government. Hezbollah, Hamas, the IRA, the Khmers Rouges lock people up. You may not believe it but there are those who accept their 'rules' under the threat of violence. I suppose 'most people' call _them_ governments? I'm amazed at the way some of you keep screaming about the violence of governments. Maybe you need to experience some _real_ repression. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rishab Aiyer Ghosh "Clean the air! clean the sky! wash the wind! rishab(a)dxm.ernet.in take stone from stone and wash them..." Voice/Fax/Data +91 11 6853410 Voicemail +91 11 3760335 H 34C Saket, New Delhi 110017, INDIA

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Re: Bad govt represents bad people?
by Rachel_P._Kovner＠gorgias.ilt.columbia.edu 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

>>... the problem is more than just people in government. >>I was just contradicting the idea that (as Tim May says) people get the >>government they deserve. Certainly not all people, maybe not most "deserve" >>this deal. It was once said that (and I quote -very- loosely) "The price of liberty is eternal vigilance", therefore, 'bad government' is probably not a result of some kind of evil or malicious people, but just people who do not guard their rights. Obviously, there will be people in a society who will do their best to protect their rights, but I speak of "people" as a society as a whole, and therefore, if the isolated persons who stand up for their rights are unable to make an impression on society at large, they will also be subject to this 'bad government'. Government will continually encroach upon its citizens' rights if the people do not stand up for their liberties - therefore, if the citizens do not protect their liberties, the liberties will be lost, and the people will be responsible for this loss of liberty. ---------------------------------------------- Delivered by the NLTL Internet Gateway

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Re: Verisign gets export approval
by Phillip M. Hallam-Baker 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I think you have to see the whole gameplan to understand what is going on. The issue is the "exportable" versions of Navigator and Internet Explorer. Presumably Microsoft wants to release as strong a general crypto solution as they can. So if you are a merchant in the US selling to a European customer you want to use 128bit encryption if it is available. The issue to consider is not the 128bit certs, it is the client base. To access that base of 128bit "exportable" clients you have to have the magic certificate whether or not you are in the US. Sameer's server is irrelevant, the certificate is used to "throw the switch" on the client, not the server. This only looks like it hands Uncle Sam a magic key if you consider the single case. The problem is what the response of the other users of the foreign certificates is should the government actually put its key to use. The revocation must be a public act for it to be effective. Certainly I can't imagine the US government asking Airbus industries to hand over their accounts data so they can pass it straight on to Boeing. I can't see it affecting any of the similar industrial espionage risks that concern the companies likely to be allowed to use the system. This is not a personal privacy issue, it is an individual talking to large corporation who is not going to resist a lawful subpoena in any case. I don't think getting someone else to act as a CA would work either. Whoever approved the scheme at the NSA would have insisted on the clients requiring a cert directly signed off a root controled by a party that had agreed to enforce the USG terms. It would be much easier to circumvent the restrictions by replacing the https transport component in Internet Explorer. The API is designed to allow new protocols to be slotted in. It should not be a big hassle to introduce a full and unrestricted SSL implementation. All Verisign is doing is selling a cert that states that the holder is trusted by the USG to operate on terms that it considers acceptable to use 128bit encryption. If the USG no longer trusts the holder in that manner the attribute is false and the cert should therefore be revoked. The problem for the USG is that if the scheme succeeds it creates a demand for 128 bit encryption that makes the revocation mechanism too dangerous to use. Freeh is essentially operating under the assumption that he can persuade the Europeans to accept his proposals if he has more time to explain them. I suspect that the opposite may be the case and that the resistance to Freeh is informed about the ecconomic power that the situation hands the US. Phill Phillip M. Hallam-Baker Visiting Scientist MIT Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence. Email: hallam(a)ai.mit.edu http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/hallam/hallam.html http://www.hallam.demon.co.uk/

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Re: Bad govt represents bad people?
by Pat Farrell 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

"Perry E. Metzger" <perry(a)imsi.com> writes: > > Not to denegrate either of those individuals, but the "original" work > on public choice economics was worth a Nobel Prize some years ago to > Buchannan (sp?). Its only been recently that the ideas have been James Buchanan is at GMU, clearly one of the brightest stars on the faculty. > popularized by others. The concepts are more or less inherent in the > work of the Austrian school economists as well, so I suppose one > should credit Mises, Hayek, and the rest... Required reading, of course. Spontaneous order of markets and all that. Pat Pat Farrell Grad Student pfarrell(a)cs.gmu.edu Department of Computer Science George Mason University, Fairfax, VA Public key availble via finger #include <standard.disclaimer>

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Re: Bad govt represents bad people?
by koontzd＠lrcs.loral.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

>Government will continually encroach upon its citizens' rights if the >people do not stand up for their liberties - therefore, if the citizens do >not protect their liberties, the liberties will be lost, and the people >will be responsible for this loss of liberty. Since when is the victim responsible for the crime?

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Alt.Gvmt.Bad.Bad.Bad
by blancw＠pylon.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

>From Rachel_P._Kovner: >It was once said that (and I quote -very- loosely) "The >price of liberty is eternal vigilance", therefore, >'bad government' is probably not a result of some kind >of evil or malicious people, but just people who do not >guard their rights. It could also be said, somewhat loosely, that criminal theft is just the result of people who do not protect their property. For them it's as easy as falling off a log: the big G will just keep getting worse and taking over more (Somebody Stop Me!). >From :Perry E. Metzger: >Actually, as public choice economic theory has shown, >bad government tends to be the inevitable result of >the evolutionary pressures on government and >government officials. The 'evolutionary' pressure on Government tends to go in the direction away from keeping accurate accounts, including keeping an eye on the consequences of policies & procedures. They would rather not note what the real source of new goods and wealth is, and they would rather not keep track of the success/failure of their legislative constructs. All this pressure towards backsliding on the evolutionary scale means that the big G will accept being as dependent on others, as some would like to be upon them. At the very least, they're not very admirable for making the rest of the population work so hard to prevent them from taking everybody down with them. Blanc

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Re: Civil crypto anarchy
by John Young 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Responding to msg by wcs(a)anchor.ho.att.com (bill.stewart(a)pleasantonca.ncr.com +1-510-484-6204) on Tue, 30 Aug 6:56 PM > >Sigh. Unfortunately, governments have been quite >effective in making people more afraid of "anarchists" >than they are of governments with nuclear >weapons..... Yeah, it's been conventional wisdom around NYC since the 19th century that the best way to get some funding from LEAs was to set up a group with the word "anarchist" in it, or have an anarchist-like manifesto. In the 80s the "commie bomb thrower" types were bitching that the money was moving out west to the "right wing gun nut" types. Now long-time anarchist hustlers around here say that even the gray-haired cops bemoan Red-squad cut backs so that LEA money could go toward defeating "psychopath survivalists" and "the David Koreshes" and "murderous ex-defense workers". To divert attention from the nuclear geopolitics of the Kissingers.

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WOW-COM(TM) News Update
by wcreply＠ctia.org 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Dear WOW-COM Reader: WOW-COM is the wireless industrys online information source, a free service of CTIA. Find out what's going on in the wireless industry by visiting http://www.wow-com.com/welcome today! INDEX: ====== 1) Letters to FBI regarding Electronic Surveillance 2) The Clearinghouse Report on Antenna Siting 3) WOW-COM's MICROSITES: Focused Content for Focused Needs 4) Taking a vacation? Use our news archive feature Electronic surveillance standards: CALEA ======================================================= http://www.wow-com.com/professional/whatshot/ The Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association ("CTIA") filed a petition for rulemaking before the Federal Communications Commission ("Commission") on Wednesday July 16, 1997, to expedite development of a lawfully authorized electronic surveillance standard under the 1994 Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act ("CALEA"). See the whole story here. THE CLEARINGHOUSE REPORT ON ANTENNA SITING ============================================== http://www.wow-com.com/professional/siting/ Check out the CTIA Clearinghouse Report on Siting, the industrys most comprehensive research on siting issues. Containing information on current moratoria, new regulations proposed and adopted by municipalities and recent judicial proceedings. The Siting Report is located in the Siting Microsite. WOW-COM's MICROSITES: Focused Content for Focused Needs =================================================== http://www.wow-com.com/professional/micro/ A Microsite is a subsection of WOW-COM(TM) that focuses on an issue of vital interest to the wireless industry. WOW-COM currently supports Microsites on the following topics: Antenna Siting, Wireless Fraud, Systems Integration, Wireless Apps. TAKING A VACATION? USE OUR NEWS ARCHIVE FEATURE! ================================================= http://www.wow-com.com/results/professional/news/ Getting back from vacation and need to catch up on wireless news? WOW-COM's News Search feature can access any news article that has ever been on our system. Just scroll to the bottom of this page and type in the keyword and, or date range. ================================================== MORE WOW-COM FEATURES ============================= WOW-COM is current: Updated 3x per day. WOW-COM is insightful: CTIAs unbiased analysis WOW-COM is beneficial: Find products and services in WOW-COM's Virtual Trade Show. List open positions in the WOW-COM Career Center, get resumes via email, and hire qualified individuals. The world of wireless is in constant motion. Stay on top of the news and benefit from CTIAs analysis by reading WOW-COM everyday. You may remove yourself from the WOW-COM mailing list by going to http://www.wow-com.com/unsubscribe ============================================================= This update sponsored by: IBM http://www.wow-com.com/professional/systemint/ Today, more than ever, wireless carriers must remain flexible and respond rapidly to changing market conditions. Your success will depend on understanding your strategic opportunities and threats and quickly responding to them. To accomplish this, a wireless carrier must build linked that are both sophisticated, comprehensive and flexible. This is no small endeavor. IBM has developed a general multilevel blueprint of a wireless company to assist wireless carriers pursuing this goal. Take a look at how we can help you achieve your goals. =============================================================

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