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IP: Working Photonic Lattice, A Dream For A Decade, Fabricated At Sandia
by Robert Hettinga 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

--- begin forwarded text Delivered-To: ignition-point(a)majordomo.pobox.com X-Sender: believer(a)telepath.com Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1998 16:16:20 -0500 To: believer(a)telepath.com From: believer(a)telepath.com Subject: IP: Working Photonic Lattice, A Dream For A Decade, Fabricated At Sandia Mime-Version: 1.0 Sender: owner-ignition-point(a)majordomo.pobox.com Precedence: list Reply-To: believer(a)telepath.com Source: EurekAlert! http://www.eurekalert.org/releases/snl-wpladfad.html For Immediate Release: 15 September 1998 Contact: Neal Singer nsinger(a)sandia.gov (505) 845-7078 Sandia National Laboratories Working Photonic Lattice, A Dream For A Decade, Fabricated At Sandia: Lincoln Log-Like Structure To Improve Infrared And Optical Communications, Optical Computers ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. -- By interlocking tiny slivers of silicon into a lattice that, under a microscope, appears to be formed by toy Lincoln logs, scientists at the Department of Energy's Sandia National Laboratories believe they have solved a major technical problem: how to bend light easily and cheaply without leaking it, no matter how many twists or turns are needed for optical communications or (potentially) optical computers. The lattice, dubbed a photonic crystal (crystals have regularly repeating internal structures), now works in the infrared range (approximately 10-micron wavelengths). This achievement is of military and commercial interest because the technique can be used to enhance or better transmit infrared images. Sandia researchers Shawn Lin and Jim Fleming now are preparing a 1.5 micron crystal -- the region in which almost all the world?s optically transmitted information is passed. The improvement -- which bends far more light in far less space at considerably less cost than current commercial methods -- will make possible tinier, cheaper, more effective waveguides to combine or separate optical frequencies at the beginning or end of information transmissions. It will find wide application in data transmission and in more compact and efficient sensors. (See "Technique Perfected...." backgrounder that follows.) Pierre Villeneuve, a research scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), says, "With the structure [Sandia researcher] Shawn [Lin] is using now, he'll be able to hit the 1.5 micron mark within the next 12 months. This shows how 'key' this work is: He's using a technique that lends itself to hitting the mark." A venture capitalist requesting anonymity has approached the researchers to commercialize the process. The achievement, for which Sandia has applied for a patent, was reported in the July 16 issue of the journal Nature. The structure, in the regularity and spacing of its parts, is mirrorlike in not permitting light of a particular frequency, caught within the cavity of the structure, to escape. Instead, light must follow along any twists or turns designed into the log structure. By designing the distance between logs carefully, a chosen wavelength is reflected instead of passing out of the space, as longer or shorter wavelengths can. With introduction of an impurity like air or much thicker polysilicon "logs" to provide routes for preselected wavelengths introduced into the crystal, light travels along the impurity as it twists or bends. No matter how sharp the turns, light of frequency roughly in the middle of the band gap cannot escape. Funding for the project was provided by Sandia's Laboratory-Directed Research and Development office, which funds speculative, defense-related research, and by the DOE. A Photonic Band Gap What's "cool," in the eyes of some observers, is that Sandia researchers Lin and Fleming have created the equivalent of a photonic "band gap" that forbids certain frequencies of light from exiting the lattice. ("Band Gap" is a term usually applied to electrons, not photons, and signifies a range of energies in which electrons are absent because their presence would contradict quantum mechanical laws.) The nearly leak-proof lattices form a cage that trap and guide approximately 95 percent of the light sent within them, as compared with approximately 30 percent for conventional waveguides, and they take only one-tenth to one-fifth the space to bend the light. (The Sandia photonic lattice's turning radius is currently in the one-wavelength range, rather than the traditional waveguide bend of more than 10 wavelengths.) Standard, integrated-circuit manufacturing technology used to fabricate micromachines -- machines nearly too small to see -- at Sandia's Microelctronics Development Laboratory can create tens of thousands of waveguides from a single, 6-inch silicon wafer. This is a factor 10 to 100 times more dense than can be fabricated using more expensive gallium arsenide with current commercial technology. Potential uses: low-energy lasers, photonic computers, communications Because little light is lost in the three-dimensional mirroring that sends light back at itself, a new type of microlaser requiring little start-up energy is theoretically achievable. (Most conventional lasers require large jolts of energy to begin operating because so much light is lost in the lasing start-up process.) The achievement also brings nearer the day when computers that transmit information using photons rather than electrons become a practical reality. Currently, desktop computers use electrons to pass information, but as more circuits are included on new chips, they become more difficult to cool. Photons, the stuff of light, are faster and cooler than electrons. The problem is that no one has been able to bend useful frequencies of light around tight corners (as navigated by electrons through a million turns on a computer chip the size of a postage stamp) without incurring large losses in information; with previously used techniques, light leaks, and badly, the more tightly it is turned. One principle of optical communications is that differing frequencies of light are bent by different amounts. Waveguides first combine the frequencies of a number of information streams -- for example, telephone calls -- by bending them into the combined "white" light passing through an optical cable; then other waveguides separate the light into component frequencies by bending it at the end of its journey. Photonic Band Gap Crystals -- A History The idea of a "photonic band gap structure" was first advanced in 1987 by Eli Yablonovitch, now a professor at the University of California at Los Angeles. In 1990, he built the first photonic crystal, baseball-sized to channel microwaves useful in antennae applications. In the mid 1990s, scientists at Ames Laboratory in Iowa built crystals the size of ping pong balls, also for microwaves. The components were of a size that could be put together by hand, using straight metal pins (of the type that hold new shirts in place). The size reduction for current structures is a striking achievement that researchers have been attempting to achieve for a decade, says Del Owyoung, Sandia manager for the project. The difference in frequency is comparable to moving from masers to lasers, he said ? from microwaves to optical waves. According to Rama Biswa, a researcher at Ames Lab, "We had built the same structure [as Sandia has] ourselves, but more than 100 times larger, in the microwave frequency range. I think it is quite remarkable that Shawn Lin's group could do it at these wavelengths in the infrared and at this size." Villeneuve, who has theorized about uses for photonic crystals for much of the 1990s in a group led by MIT professor J. D. Joannopoulos, praised the Sandia group for "showing that what we're doing is valid," he says. "[People would say,] 'It's wonderful that you're coming out with all these great devices [that make use of photonic crystals], but your building block doesn't even exist!'" That is no longer the case. Sandia is a multiprogram DOE laboratory, operated by a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corp. With main facilities in Albuquerque, N.M., and Livermore, Calif., Sandia has major research and development responsibilities in national security, energy, and environmental technologies. ### BACKGROUND: Technique Perfected In Building Surface-Etched Micromachines Shawn Lin and Jim Fleming achieved the desired crystalline spacing using techniques perfected in building surface-etched micromachines, at which Sandia is a world leader. Gears that spin require spaces between parts; specifically, a silicon base is covered with an expendable coating in which a part can be etched, and then the expendable portion is removed by chemical and mechanical means, leaving the gear or axle unencumbered by surrounding material and thus able to spin freely [www.mdl.sandia.gov/micromachines] Using a variant on the same technique, Fleming made an artificial crystal lattice. He took a silicon wafer, coated it with silicon dioxide, cut trenches into the silicon dioxide and then bathed the chip in polysilicon till it filled the trenches. Then he polished the surface until smooth and bathed the chip in another layer of silicon dioxide, into which he cut the same number of trenches as before, but so they lay across the trenches beneath them at right angles, and then filled these trenches with polysilicon. After repeating this process a number of time, Jim removed the silicon dioxide, using hydrofluoric acid, and got "micron layers of Lincoln logs, orthogonal to each other, and joined where they touch." Center to center, the polysilicon logs were 1.2 microns wide, 1.5 microns high, with a pitch of 4.8 microns -- child's play to achieve in the world of silicon micromachines. The proportions were identical to that specified by Ames Laboratory and Iowa State researchers as those necessary to make the photonic equivalent of an electronic band gap. Media Contact: Neal Singer nsinger(a)sandia.gov (505) 845-7078 Technical Contact : Shawn Lin slin(a)sandia.gov (505) 844-8097 Jim Fleming fleminjg(a)sandia.gov (505) 844-9158 Del Owyoung aowyoun(a)sandia.gov (505) 884-5481 ----------------------- NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107, this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml ----------------------- ********************************************** To subscribe or unsubscribe, email: majordomo(a)majordomo.pobox.com with the message: (un)subscribe ignition-point email@address ********************************************** www.telepath.com/believer ********************************************** --- end forwarded text ----------------- Robert A. Hettinga <mailto: rah(a)philodox.com> Philodox Financial Technology Evangelism <http://www.philodox.com/> 44 Farquhar Street, Boston, MA 02131 USA "... however it may deserve respect for its usefulness and antiquity, [predicting the end of the world] has not been found agreeable to experience." -- Edward Gibbon, 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'

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Hello
by Christopher Barkley 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

You listed me in Six Degrees as your fellow alum, but I'm afraid I can't place you. So, who are you? Cheers, Christopher

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CNN - Investigators find "assassination" page on the Web - September 15, 1998 (fwd)
by Alan Olsen 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9809/15/internet.hit.list.ap/index.html I remember when this page was posted. It was INCREDIBLY obvious it was bogus. either the feds involved are incredibly clueless or they are just trying to make an example of anyone implementing anything close to an AP server. They are afraid. They are very afraid. alan(a)ctrl-alt-del.com | Note to AOL users: for a quick shortcut to reply Alan Olsen | to my mail, just hit the ctrl, alt and del keys.

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Re: Larry Gilbert, AOLers, and the Hyper-real flamer
by AIMSX＠aol.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Actually.. I am getting a SunOS Shell account this weekend. AOL has improved service somewhat, and it is now possible to use Netscape (or any other browser) along with it. I also have over 100 accounts on a local ISP - so trust me... it's not that big of a deal for me to get another ISP, I just like some of the keywords and a few other areas. As for your thought that it is a CHOICE for everyone... well, I am sorry to say it is not. My parent would rather use the [semi]- user-friendly software of AOL, which she is familiar with, than have a dialup access with browsers and other utilities in different areas she can't find as easily. (I know, it sounds stupid.) I was finally able to convince her to pay for a shell account, promising her I would teach her how to use it. As for me paying it... I just became old enough to work (finally) about a month ago, and I am only making minimum wage, and the hours are not good enough for me to be able to keep up my hobbies of paintball, computer upgrades, and Internet alone. Therefore... she pays for it, I wash dishes... So anyway... before I get too sidetracked, I am just saying... I am finally getting a shell account, and not all AOLers are stupid warez lovers that don't know cu from cd. I would also like to add - I wasn't even talking about AOL service (although I agree it is really crappy - but a tad better than it used to be) I was just talking about the insults to all AOL user's Intelligence. I am sure there are morons on other ISP's, they are just more visible on AOL.

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Re: Hello
by XxGaLxX 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

your worst nightmare =) ---------- > From: Christopher Barkley <christopher.barkley(a)srcm.com> > To: cypherpunks(a)toad.com > Subject: Hello > Date: Tuesday, September 15, 1998 5:14 PM > > You listed me in Six Degrees as your fellow alum, but I'm afraid I can't > place you. So, who are you? > > Cheers, > Christopher

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Re: Hello
by Anonymous 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I found your name on a kiddy porn site. At first I was disgusted, and immediately called the FBI. But then I got kind of turned on by the whole idea, and decided that maybe we could get together and have hot sex, and you could wear a wig with pigtails, and it would be just like we were screwing children, just like I know you love to do. Then maybe we could switch roles. So anyway, let me know if you're interested. But also, expect the FBI to be calling on you in the near future, pervert! Tah tah lovey, Joe C. At 06:14 PM 9/15/98 -0400, Christopher Barkley wrote: >You listed me in Six Degrees as your fellow alum, but I'm afraid I can't >place you. So, who are you? > >Cheers, >Christopher >

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Voices
by Edwin E. Smith 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 One of the things I like about the internet, especially email, is that my voice and the voices of others are leveled. My voice can reach a multitude of people at least intelligent enough to get on the internet. But better than that is my ability to receive the other voices is enhanced much more. I can hear what a lot of people hear without their voices being filtered by the likes of Dan Rather, Tom Brokay and the rest of the Liberal broadcast media. It fact is is mostly just limited to what I choose to listen to. I also get to talk back to people with whom I disagree. I listen to their responses and sometimes modify my thinking. I also get affirmation of what I do believe from people of a like mind. Occasionally I am surprised to find others who are different but also intelligent and very persuasive in their convictions. I revel in this controversy and learn much from it. I confess that sometimes I troll for flames to get the dialog going. If you have something to say, say it! Even the words of the clueless are sometimes enlightening. To all of you who are offended by what you read or have been attacked and shirk away I say, stick around, learn and grow. The words which come to you can not hurt you if you don't let them. If you are to timid to endure a few flames then woe be unto you if anyone comes at you with actual violence on his mind. Edwin E. Smith -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: PGP for Personal Privacy 5.0 Charset: noconv iQA/AwUBNf7zq0mNf6b56PAtEQLR+wCfQ7iXzmj5Gz9gtO09/0ogVzrpfawAoJUP 8qZqYluPFxHRt+srCM3vgXNd =e9r4 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

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CNN - Investigators find "assassination" page on the Web - September 15, 1998 (fwd)
by Jim Choate 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Forwarded message: > Date: Wed, 16 Sep 1998 06:53:53 -0700 (PDT) > From: Alan Olsen <alan(a)clueserver.org> > Subject: CNN - Investigators find "assassination" page on the Web - September 15, 1998 (fwd) > http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9809/15/internet.hit.list.ap/index.html How come only the IRS is listed as related web sites?... ____________________________________________________________________ The seeker is a finder. Ancient Persian Proverb The Armadillo Group ,::////;::-. James Choate Austin, Tx /:'///// ``::>/|/ ravage(a)ssz.com www.ssz.com .', |||| `/( e\ 512-451-7087 -====~~mm-'`-```-mm --'- --------------------------------------------------------------------

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Re: Voices
by AIMSX＠aol.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Preach on brother =)

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Fwd: I don't care if this is real or not! But forwarding is not hard for me if I help
by Chiu Ngan 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

>Received: from 136.148.1.253 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP; > Tue, 15 Sep 1998 05:55:15 PDT >X-Originating-IP: [136.148.1.253] >From: "Dodwell Leung" <dodwellleung(a)hotmail.com> >To: alexccl(a)hotmail.com, z2181727(a)student.unsw.edu.au, antonylam(a)hotmail.com, chonga(a)sbu.ac.uk, z2183890(a)student.unsw.edu.au, lcy(a)qms.ndirect.co.uk, z2155343(a)student.unsw.edu.au, bahrid(a)hotmail.com, daner(a)mail.mkv.mh.se, Evert.P.deVries(a)SI.shell.com, harold.tan(a)mailexcite.com, ivanyip(a)hotmail.com, catkoo(a)hotmail.com, jennyshek(a)hotmail.com, BKKsomporb(a)mail.nomura.com.hk, joe621(a)netvigator.com, heyloe(a)hotmail.com, kmyk(a)hotmail.com, kenjess(a)apanet.com.au, lawhon(a)hotmail.com, lfan(a)mail.uoknor.edu, 95481624J(a)hkpucc.polyu.edu.hk, shukai(a)netvigator.com, z2188635(a)student.unsw.edu.au, mattgow(a)hotmail.com, z2192026(a)student.unsw.edu.au, z2174314(a)student.unsw.edu.au, Steeve.Genot(a)wanadoo.fr, hsp996(a)hotmail.com, physpot(a)asiaonline.net, pixie_tan(a)hotmail.com, pooi_lee_chow(a)hotmail.com, eeyatir(a)hotmail.com, saralee(a)chevalier.net, patelsu(a)sbu.ac.uk, beetch(a)pacific.net.sg, z2188232(a)student.unsw.edu.au, simpsonngan(a)hotmail.com, yoon(a)pacific.net.sg, hamster.sol(a)lineone.net, stepcom(a)hkstar.com, ext3366(a)yahoo.com, tinyau1(a)netvigator.com, z2193851(a)student.unsw.edu.au, huvl(a)sbu.ac.uk, z2193612(a)student.unsw.edu.au, willmilk(a)hotmail.com, wswinnie(a)netvigator.com, brackeye(a)hkstar.com, takleung(a)wisdom.com.hk >Subject: I don't care if this is real or not! But forwarding is not hard for me if I help >Content-Type: text/plain >Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1998 05:55:15 PDT > > >>Received: from 202.184.46.2 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP; >> Tue, 15 Sep 1998 01:39:48 PDT >>X-Originating-IP: [202.184.46.2] >>From: "san san" <seliness(a)hotmail.com> >>To: alanling(a)usa.net, calviny(a)mol.net.my, chowpin(a)edb.gov.sg, >chan911(a)pc.jaring.my, gary_wang(a)hotmail.com, junifer(a)pl.jaring.my, >karren(a)deakin.edu.au, klay(a)okstate.edu, lkhoong(a)pc.jaring.my, >mcch(a)hotmail.com, murphy_l(a)hotmail.com, simfong(a)pl.jaring.my, >stchai(a)pl.jaring.my, mote(a)hotmail.com, tlliew(a)tm.net.my, >wthong(a)pl.jaring.my, dodwellleung(a)hotmail.com >>Subject: Fwd: This is serious PLEEEEEEASE PLEASE DON'T DELETE!!!!! >>Content-Type: text/plain >>Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1998 01:39:48 PDT >> >> >>>Received: from 202.188.25.160 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP; >>> Mon, 14 Sep 1998 06:27:23 PDT >>>X-Originating-IP: [202.188.25.160] >>>From: "Lim Huey" <shaohuey(a)hotmail.com> >>>To: alexlimyk(a)hotmail.com, audrey.looi(a)mailexcite.com, >>kianwah19(a)hotmail.com, enyen(a)hotmail.com, s9812221(a)unitele.com.my, >>rckj(a)hotmail.com, seliness(a)hotmail.com, stanchow(a)tm.net.my, >>bhchua7(a)hotmail.com, csheng(a)rocketmail.com, yoongyow(a)hotmail.com, >>ching20(a)hotmail.com, lphoo(a)hotmail.com, ken_thong(a)rocketmail.com, >>twinsck(a)hotmail.com, poaysun(a)yahoo.com, mda97mk(a)sheffield.ac.uk, >>yongqiang13(a)hotmail.com, sammy_lee_79(a)hotmail.com, >>tungweileong(a)hotmail.com, lifesignx(a)yahoo.com, elim331(a)yahoo.com, >>lwloh(a)hotmail.com, audrey.looi(a)mailcity.com, sokyee(a)pc.jaring.my, >>kah_kit(a)hotmail.com, siewgar(a)hotmail.com, chiane(a)mailcity.com, >>Vvpenguin(a)hotmail.com, pkleong(a)hotmail.com, phangf(a)hotmail.com, >>rolandhii(a)hotmail.com, stjdanzel(a)hotmail.com, leesiehui(a)hotmail.com, >>jeennwei(a)hotmail.com, chouyong(a)hotmail.com, ttc1979(a)yahoo.com, >>guatyen(a)hotmail.com, chonkit(a)hotmail.com, thongyp(a)hotmail.com, >>soonfung(a)hotmail.com, tsueyyin(a)hotmail.com, feiyy(a)hotmail.com >>>Subject: Fwd: This is serious PLEEEEEEASE PLEASE DON'T DELETE!!!!! >>>Content-Type: text/plain >>>Date: Mon, 14 Sep 1998 06:27:23 PDT >>> >>> >>> >>> >>>>Date: Mon, 14 Sep 1998 04:25:43 -0700 (PDT) >>>>From: CHEW JUNN WENG <jwchew(a)rocketmail.com> >>>>Subject: This is serious PLEEEEEEASE PLEASE DON'T DELETE!!!!! >>>>To: lmoonc(a)hotmail.com, pvcheo(a)essex.ac.uk, cwnsim(a)essex.ac.uk, >>>> yoongyow(a)hotmail.com, lenelene(a)hotmail.com, gcping38(a)mailcity.com, >>>> gthong(a)rocketmail.com, ching20(a)hotmail.com, lcchuan(a)rocketmail.com, >>>> moon(a)tm.net.my, shaohuey(a)hotmail.com, janelsl(a)tm.net.my, >>>> csheng(a)rocketmail.com, hwooi(a)yahoo.com, dianacn(a)hotmail.com, >>>> stjdanzel(a)hotmail.com, effyjungle(a)hotmail.com, >bus_tard(a)hotmail.com, >>>> lphoo(a)hotmail.com, yakasaki(a)hotmail.com, colint79(a)hotmail.com >>>>Cc: anniesia(a)hotmail.com, pearlng(a)hotmail.com, liangser(a)hotmail.com, >>>> choopar(a)hotmail.com >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>>Hello, my name is David "Darren" Bucklew. I live in >>>>Pittsburgh PA where I attend Bethel Park High School >>>>and participate in many sports. I have severe >>>>ostriopliosis of the liver. (My liver is extremely >>>>inflamed). >>>>Modern Science has yet to find a cure. Valley >>>>Childrens hospital >>>>> has agreed to donate 7 cents to the National >>>>Diesese Society for every name >>>> on this letter.Please send it around as much as you >>>>can. >>>>Thank you, >>>>Darren >>>> >>>>PS: For those of you who dont take 5 minutes to do >>>>this, what goes around comes around. You can help >>>>sick people, and it costs you nothing,yet you are too >>>>lazy to do it? You will get what you deserve. >>>> >>>>_________________________________________________________ >>>>DO YOU YAHOO!? >>>>Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com >>>> >>>> >>> >>> >>>______________________________________________________ >>>Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com >> >> >>______________________________________________________ >>Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com > > >______________________________________________________ >Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com

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