December 2012 - cypherpunks-legacy

Re: Custom Chips Could Be the Shovels in a Bitcoin Gold Rush
by Peter Gutmann 05 Dec '12

05 Dec '12

Eugen Leitl <eugen(a)leitl.org> forwards: >http://www.technologyreview.com/news/508061/custom-chips-could-be-the-shove… > >Custom Chips Could Be the Shovels in a Bitcoin Gold Rush I guess the main lesson from this (well, the second lesson after the fact that Extraordinary Popular Delusions needs a new chapter) is that if you're doing password hashing, use anything but SHA-256. Peter.

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Re: [liberationtech] /. ITU Approves Deep Packet Inspection
by Eugen Leitl 05 Dec '12

05 Dec '12

----- Forwarded message from Asher Wolf <asherwolf(a)cryptoparty.org> -----

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Bitcoin Not Bombs
by Eugen Leitl 04 Dec '12

04 Dec '12

http://dailyanarchist.com/2012/12/04/bitcoin-not-bombs/ Bitcoin Not Bombs December 4th, 2012 Submitted by Davi Barker A handful of articles have entered my head this week, and as we speak they are mixing together like volatile chemicals about to explode. Ibve been on the Bitcoin bandwagon for less than a year, but I am constantly blown away by the innovations made possible by what is fundamentally a very simple idea. In the beginning I pretty much only used it to buy baklava. Now Ibm buying gold and silver bullion with Bitcoin, and accepting it as payment for the various things that I sell. So, I have a pretty good sense of how the system works and Ibm just starting to really get the economic ramifications of a digital peer-to-peer currency. I theoretically understand the impact it could have politically, at least domestically, but Ibm just starting to get the first inkling of what the international political ramifications of Bitcoin might be. This rabbit hole begins with US sanctions against Iran. The people who argue in favor of sanctions against Iran usually strike me as economic buffoons. The same person who tells me the US needs to prevent Iran from engaging in international trade to weaken their economy will usually also tell me the US needs to stop engaging in international trade to strengthen its own economy. So this is where our journey begins. Last month Turkeybs Deputy Prime Minister and top economic policy maker Ali Babacan confirmed that Turkey was circumventing sanctions by trading Iranian crude oil for Turkish gold instead of dollars. In fact, in the last nine months Turkey, ostensibly a strong ally of the US, has tripled its pre-sanctions exports to Iran. Itbs essentially a thumb in the eye to US legitimacy, and the global banking system. Good for them, I thought. Itbs a powerful proof of concept for the efficacy of alternative currency. But then I remembered another recent story about gold in Iran. In October hundreds of currency protesters gathered in Tehranbs historic Grand Bazaar outraged over the plunging Iranian rial. In response hundreds of riot police stormed Tehranbs currency exchange district arresting b illegal money changers.b Imagine that. It is a crime for honest merchants to exchange one baseless paper note for another baseless paper note because the sociocrats that issue those notes donbt get along. Whatbs interesting is that the 80% drop in the rialbs value was largely blamed on sanctions, but the head of the national police said that people holding stashes of gold was b perturbing the currency market.b So, itbs perfectly fine for States to use gold to protect themselves from economic sanctions, but not for the lowly civilians. But more importantly, holding stashes of precious metals may be an adequate protection against foreign sanctions, but not against your own State. Well, what are the Iranian people to do? I found the answer. Iranian Musician Mohammad Rafigh has translated some Bitcoin software into Farsi and is talking up Bitcoin in Iran. Rafigh accepted Bitcoin for his latest album. He wrote b I wish the culture of using digital money spreads all over the world, because it does not have any dependency on anything like politics.b Using Bitcoin Iranians living abroad can send money to their families, or exchange them for rials or dollars. It allows them to store their wealth digitally where the currency police canbt seize it, and most importantly it allows the people of Iran, at the individual level, to skirt US sanctions and maintain an economic connection to the outside world. When US sanction against Iraq killed an estimated 1 million innocent civilians in the 90s itbs easy to see how important that is. All the pieces came together when I read that AntiWar.com now accepts Bitcoin donations. PayPal and many credit card companies block access in over 60 countries for largely political reasons. Bitcoin offers what no other currency can. Access to everyone, everywhere. AntiWar.com was launched in 1995, to oppose the Bosnian war under the Clinton administration, but as wars have escalated so has apposition to war. Today the site is the leading hub of anti-war news and activism in the liberty movement, devoted not only to opposing war, but also the assaults on freedom that result from it. Bitcoin was created in 2009 by an infamous programmer names Satoshi Nakamoto, but it is unlike any other currency in the world in that it is not issued by any central bank or ruling State. In fact, itbs incredibly difficult if not impossible to track, regulate or block. What this means is that right now, in the world we live in, it is possible for civilians living in Iran to donate to the anti-war movement in the US, and it is possible for civilians in the US to donate to the relief efforts in the countries the US bombs. People can now cooperate across national boundaries, and there is virtually nothing that States can do to prevent it. Bitcoin has already changed the world, and it will continue to do so in fantastic and unpredictable ways. Given that wars must be funded by taxes, national debt or currency debasement, all of which can be protected against with Bitcoin, itbs going to be increasingly difficult for imperial powers to fund their military budgets. French economist Frederic Bastiat once said, b If goods don t cross borders, armies will.b I suggest that when States can no longer prevent goods from crossing borders, armies wonbt. The AntiWar.com donation address is: 1M87hiTAa49enJKVeT9gzLjYmJoYh9V98 Tags: AntiWar.com, Bitcoin, Iran, Iran Sanctions, Mohammad Rafigh

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Custom Chips Could Be the Shovels in a Bitcoin Gold Rush
by Eugen Leitl 04 Dec '12

04 Dec '12

http://www.technologyreview.com/news/508061/custom-chips-could-be-the-shove… Custom Chips Could Be the Shovels in a Bitcoin Gold Rush Devotees of the digital currency are ratcheting up their technology in a race to generate new coins. By Tom Simonite on December 5, 2012 Why It Matters Though Bitcoin has fallen from the public eye, the emergence of chips designed specifically to b mineb the virtual currency suggests it may have some staying power. The digital b crypto-currencyb Bitcoin surged into the public eye last year, tantalizing enthusiasts with the promise of money unfettered by any government before falling victim to digital heists (see b Crypto-currency Security under Scrutinyb) and short media attention spans. But $130 million worth of bitcoins are still out there, tended by a dedicated community working to expand their use. More are still being b minedb in a process that rewards digital gold-diggers when their software solves mathematical puzzles involved in verifying transactions and regulating how the currency is used (see b What Bitcoin Is, and Why It Mattersb). Now some in that community are taking the expensive step of creating custom silicon chips dedicated to running the software that carries out that process. b Itbs a business opportunity, and also because we believe in Bitcoin and what it can do,b says Josh Zerlan, COO of Butterfly Labs, a Kansas City company that is waiting for its first batch of custom chips to come back from an Asian manufacturer. These chips will be resold to Bitcoin enthusiasts in a line of products that plug into a computer via USB and supercharge its efforts to mine the currency. They range in price from $149 to $29,899, and in early 2013 they will start shipping to over a thousand customers who placed advance orders. Butterfly has competition from several other companies working on application-specific integrated circuits, or ASICsbthe industry term for such specialized chips. The stiffest competition seems likely to come from another U.S. company, New Yorkbbased BTCFPGA, and two based in China, Avalon and ASICMiner. All three promise to send out products based on their custom chips early next year. Having an ASIC fabricated is a highly technical and expensive proposition, typically beginning at the low hundreds of thousands of dollars. Thatbs primarily because contractorsbalmost always overseasbcharge high prices to operate facilities containing the complex equipment needed to carve chips out of silicon wafers. ASICs are etched from blocks of silicon with microscopic precision. Butterfly Labs says it has paid for chips with features as small as 65 nanometers; BTCFPGA and some others say they have opted for a cheaper 90-nanometer production process. Butterfly Labs occupies a large facility in Overland Park, Kansas, where it has bought equipment to manufacture products based on its chip, says Zerlan. That includes a pick-and-place machine to solder the 7.5-millimeter-square chips onto circuit boards and three production lines to assemble the final products. Zerlan wonbt say how much it all cost, but he says the company paid for the project with profits from previous products and funds from unnamed venture capitalists. The public voice of ASICMiner, who goes by the name Friedcat online, says that no leading-edge technology is required to speed up the mining process significantly, making the challenge b affordableb for relatively small teams. b Most people consider ASICs to be a highly capital-intensive industry,b he wrote in a message. b It is not for Bitcoin-mining devices, because even [chip] technology 10 years old is much better than current mining devices.b Engineers who worked on the ASICMiner design have experience creating significantly more complex chips at national labs and startups, says Friedcat. The emergence of bitcoin-mining ASICs is part of a computational arms race rooted in the complex cryptographic scheme designed by Bitcoinbs anonymous inventor, known only by the online name Satoshi Nakamoto. Under Nakamotobs rules, which are what allow the currency to function without control by a central bank, miners run free software that communicates over the Internet to maintain a distributed global log of all Bitcoin transactions. That process is also a competition, with the miner whose software completes the next section of the logbknown as a blockbbeing rewarded with newly minted bitcoins. The reward is now 25 bitcoins, currently worth $316. Completing a block requires solving a cryptographic puzzle through brute force, so the faster the software can run, the more likely the miner is to win rewards. Nakamotobs rules also state that only 21 million bitcoins will ever be released, and at an ever-decreasing rate. That schedule is enforced by making the work of mining bitcoins harder and periodically halving the reward for completing a new block. As Bitcoin gained popularity, some people began spending thousands on heavily customized b mining rigsb capable of performing mining calculations faster than ordinary PCs. Initially relying on high-powered processors, they soon began making use of GPUs, speedy graphics processors that are also popular with the builders of supercomputers. Small businesses popped up to sell mining rigs and the latest GPUs to other miners. This spring, that arms race took a more serious turn when Butterfly Labs and some other suppliers moved on to FPGAs, chips with a reconfigurable design. Programming FPGAs to perform mining calculations resulted in significant speed increases. But ASICs, with their fixed design, promise to be at least 100 times faster than FPGAs, and thousands of times faster than GPU-based mining rigs. b ASICs run faster, consume lower power, and offer better area efficiency over FPGAs,b says Simha Sethumadhavan, an assistant professor of computer science at Columbia University, who challenged students in his hardware class to design their own mining chips. One reason ASICs run so fast is that the same circuits can be fitted into smaller spaces than is possible with an FPGA, he says. Sethumadhavan notes that the profitability of mining is also determined by Bitcoin exchange rates, electricity costs, and the up-front cost of hardware. However, using ballpark figures makes it possible to illustrate how much more a miner could make using an ASIC. An FPGA-based product that Butterfly Labs sells for $599 could pull in $1.50 worth of Bitcoins a day based on todaybs exchange rate, excluding electricity costs. A product with one of its new ASICs inside, priced at $649, is expected to work fast enough to earn $55 a day based on the same criteria. When ASICs do arrive, they could force many bitcoin miners to give up. Since Nakamotobs system adjusts the difficulty of mining to keep the rate of production constant, it will become significantly more difficult once the new chips go online. Many small-time miners will find that their outmoded equipment will no longer be able to pay for its own electricity bills. b It will become more of a business,b says Butterfly Labsb Zerlan. He believes that will help strengthen the Bitcoin economy and enable it to be taken more seriously. But none of that can happen until Zerlan and his competitors deliver their chips. All the most credible-looking ASIC projects have experienced delays and retreated from initial promises that their products would ship in late 2012, citing technical difficulties. If the products do make it to customers, the competitors may find themselves caught up in a race to release newer, faster versions. Columbiabs Sethumadhavan says custom ASICs may soon face a challenge from chips for mobile devices with circuits dedicated to performing encryption operations. These chips, expected next year, will probably be designed to a standard higher than the miners can reach and could be used to build powerful mining rigs without ASICs. Meanwhile, the Bitcoin economy is still based more on speculation than on actual business transactions. Blog host Wordpress became the closest thing to a major brand that accepts bitcoins this month, but although anything from alpaca socks to e-mail hosting can be bought using the currency, most such products are offered by enthusiasts inside the Bitcoin community. Unlike real gold, the bitcoins pursued by those building ASICs may not always glitter.

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When in China, don't leave your laptop alone
by Eugen Leitl 04 Dec '12

04 Dec '12

http://www.infoworld.com/d/security/when-in-china-dont-leave-your-laptop-al… When in China, don't leave your laptop alone By Bob Violino Created 2012-12-04 03:00AM You're traveling in China on business, and after checking into your hotel room you decide to grab a bite at a local restaurant. You're not planning to work, so you leave your laptop on the dresser, lock the door, and exit, feeling confident that your possessions are safe. An hour and half later you return and note that all your stuff, including the laptop, is just where you left it. Everything seems fine, and you go about your business, conducting meetings with potential clients over the next few days before returning home. But everything is not fine. While you were out to dinner that first night, someone entered your room (often a nominal hotel staffer), carefully examined the contents of your laptop, and installed spyware on the computer -- without your having a clue. [ Bob Violono reveals how cyber spies try to harpoon your execs' PCs [1] to steal your data. | Prevent corporate data leaks with Roger Grimes' "Data Loss Prevention Deep Dive [2]" PDF expert guide, only from InfoWorld. ] Malware Deep Dive [3] The result? Exposure of information, including customer data, product development documentation, countless emails, and other proprietary information of value to competitors and foreign governments. Perhaps even, thanks to the spyware, there's an ongoing infection in your corporate network that continually phones home key secrets for months or years afterward. Because so many users never detect that they've been compromised and few report the issue publicly, it's not clear how common this sort of spying is, but it does happen, say cyber security experts. In fact, you should simply assume your computer will be breached if you go to high-risk countries such as China to conduct business, says Israel Martinez, a private-sector board member at the U.S. National Cyber Security Council, a defense industry group. Cyber attacks overseas can happen in a variety of ways. In May 2012, the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3), a partnership between the FBI and the National White Collar Crime Center, issued an intelligence note saying recent analysis from government agencies shows that "malicious actors" were going after travelers abroad. There were recent instances of travelers' laptops being infected with malicious software while they were using hotel Internet connections, the report noted. Beware these high-risk regions for cyber attacks "We have found that travelers going to countries in Asia, the Russian Federation, the Baltic states, and even parts of South America have their systems attacked and most likely breached while abroad," says Jerry Irvine, CIO at IT outsourcing provider Prescient Solutions and a member of the National Cyber Security Partnership, an organization established to develop shared strategies and programs to better secure critical information infrastructure in the United States. "While these things happen in the U.S., the difference is that, in addition to normal criminal activity, these countries also have government-sanctioned cyber espionage to back these thieves," Irvine says. China and Russia are the two countries most frequently identified [4] as being high risks, notes Emilian Papadopoulos, chief of staff at Good Harbor Security Risk Management, a security consultancy. Other high-risk countries include those with significant cyber capabilities, those known to conduct cyber espionage, and those known for corporate espionage and stealing business secrets and intellectual property, Papadopoulos says. "Countries with significant state control of private industry, especially in telecommunications, may also be higher risk," he says. How to keep the spies out of your computer Fortunately, you can take steps to prevent these sorts of spying attacks and other security threats or remediate them after the fact. Here are some tips from security experts and practitioners: 1. Leave your own laptop at home; bring a loaner instead. The best way you can guard against losing valuable data or having it compromised is to bring a temporary laptop or other computing device when going overseas. "Upon returning home, the devices can be wiped to remove any malicious software," says Ben Piper, president of Ben Piper Consulting, which focuses on security. If a temporary device isn't an option, remove all data from your device before leaving on the trip, except for what is absolutely needed, Piper advises. Have your company email forwarded to a temporary email account. Log into that account when overseas; if it's compromised, only that forwarded email is stolen and the attackers don't get access to your company email account. Whatever you do, don't connect your devices to your personal or corporate networks or services upon returning from a trip until you have a security pro ensure there's no malicious software on the devices. "The goal of spyware is to steal information, whether by accessing it directly from the device or sitting latent until the device is connected to the company network, where the malicious software can infect other devices," Piper says. Note that traditional antispyware tools have difficulty detecting the kind of spyware that foreign governments and sophisticated organized crime rings install, Martinez says. You might even use an inexpensive laptop that you throw away upon return rather than risk not detecting the spyware -- much as criminals use disposal ("burner") cellphones to evade police and leave no records. 2. If you must bring your regular computer on a trip, don't leave it unattended or vulnerable to tampering. When the situation calls for you to bring a laptop or mobile device on a business trip, always carry it with you, rather than leaving it in a hotel room or airport club, even for short durations. And -- seriously -- keep it under your pillow while sleeping. If you leave it unattended, "assume it has been tampered with and when returning from overseas, hand it over to the IT security team at your organization, detailing the day and amount of time you left it unaccompanied," says Lance James, director of intelligence at Vigilant, a provider of managed security services provider. In those instances where keeping your laptop with you at all times is not practical, you might use the safe in your hotel room or at the front desk. Just be clear that this won't protect you from state-sponsored spies, who will have access to such safes. "Although hotel safes are not a perfect solution, they do raise the security bar beyond the level of the casual thief," says Raymond McDonald, senior security consultant at Akibia, a security consulting firm. Employees, including executives, should be versed in data classification and handling procedures as a part of an established security training and awareness program, McDonald says. This helps ensure they understand what types of data they're authorized to maintain on their laptops at any time and what steps they must take to protect it. 3. Be cautious with smartphones and other mobile devices. Smartphones can also be targets for espionage. For example, a customer of security products company KoolSpan brought his Android smartphone on a recent trip to China, and as a precaution noted the operating system version and radio stack version of his phone after arriving and before going to sleep. When he woke up, the OS and radio stack version had been changed, says Glenn Schoonover, senior director of security solutions at KoolSpan and former chief of network security at the Pentagon. "The operating systems was updated over the air without the consent of the phone owner," he says. The customer suspects it was done by the Chinese government, which controls the telecommunications service in China, Schoonover says. "With the right software they could turn on the microphone without alerting him, thus enabling them to listen to any of his conversations, not just phone calls," Schoonover says -- or even remotely control his device to monitor emails, read stored files, and so on. Even devices with a reputation for having strong security, such as Research in Motion's BlackBerry, need to be carefully guarded. For example, the last time security technology company Cylance had an executive travel overseas, he wiped his BlackBerry and used the cleaned smartphone for phone calls only, says Stuart McClure, Cylance's CEO. When the executive returned home, the BlackBerry did not properly boot up, so the company had to do a full firmware refresh, McClure says. "We are still working on the forensics image to determine root cause, but it is clear that something happened to the firmware image, which can only be done with an invisible update from RIM -- which is not likely -- or an attack," he says. 4. Apply encryption generously. If your laptop or mobile device has personally identifiable information or external access to personal and corporate systems, it's imperative that the devices be totally encrypted, says Prescient Solutions' Irvine. Vendors such as Microsoft, Check Point, and Symantec have products to totally encrypt data [5] on hard drives and portable storage devices, Irvine says. Apple includes such full-disk encryption in its OS X [6], though you may want to use a defense-grade product instead. On mobile devices, Apple's iOS is encrypted by default, and that encryption can't be turned off. But it's not defense-grade encryption, so state-sponsored cyber thieves can get around it. That's also true of Android's encryption, which must be enabled by the user. The new Windows Phone 8 [7] also includes device encryption, which is on by default as in iOS. All three mobile OSes use SSL encryption for data sent over the Internet; Apple provides S/MIME encryption for email as well. To get better encryption of data on mobile devices, look to mobile management tools providers, several of which offer app containers that have a higher level of encryption around the data and apps running within them; examples include AirWatch, Good Technology, and MobileIron. And every mobile device management (MDM) [8] tool can ensure that native device encryption is enabled. Keep in mind that encryption isn't foolproof when it comes to thwarting highly skilled spies. "Operate with the awareness that even encrypted communication may not be completely private, and therefore limit any nonpublic activities while overseas," says Vigilant's James. 5. Limit remote access to devices and wireless communications when overseas. You should disable access to and from Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices while traveling, Irvine says. "All Bluetooth devices have some vulnerabilities inherent to them," Irvine says. Older versions of Bluetooth are more susceptible to hacking and eavesdropping, he notes, so "if your device is older than a year or so, it's time to upgrade.". "Wi-Fi hotspots and even hard-cable-based Internet access at untrusted locations should not be used," Irvine says. While cellular still may be suspect in foreign countries, he says, it remains the safer alternative. Do not work in Internet cafis and other public hotspots. In countries like China, "these are not places where employees should be working on sensitive information or connecting and sending private or company restricted information via email or other forms of social media," says McDonald's Akibia. If possible, work on networks that you trust, such as those in your own facilities or those operated by trusted business partners. In addition, if you're planning to travel internationally, you should change all passwords on systems before leaving, to make sure that passwords on devices are not the same as any other passwords you have on personal or corporate systems back home. Also, use totally different passwords [9] than normal, so a password stolen overseas doesn't help the cyber thief figure out your everyday passwords. "If possible, IT departments should disable access to systems while they are abroad, so if [identity] or passwords are compromised, nothing can be accessed," Irvine says. If wireless communication is necessary, all communications via mobile devices should use strong encryption and be limited where there is a concern that any potential adversary has significant cryptologic capabilities, says Timothy Ryan, a managing director at Kroll Advisory Solutions. Consider using VPNs with two-factor authentication. "If sensitive matters must be discussed, blend out-of-band communications such as voice and chat to increase the difficulty of your adversary monitoring your communications," he says. 6. Make sure your systems are up to date with antivirus software. Failing to keep antivirus definitions current is virtually a guaranteed path to system compromise. "Individuals engaging in the theft of proprietary information use malware, and morphed attacks via ports and services that cannot be blocked from the Internet," McDonald says. "These types of attacks take advantage of systems that are unpatched and behind on antivirus" updates. Don't assume that antivirus tools are the only defense you need, says the National Cyber Security Council's Martinez says. They are a first line of defense, but not a complete defense. To combat the hidden malware increasingly inserted into apps, websites, and other venues, he expects that companies will soon routinely collect intelligence about compromised assets containing malware that now regularly slip through networks and their traditional defenses. 7. Don't broadcast your whereabouts. Location-based tools are rapidly growing in popularity, thanks in part to the pinpoint accuracy of geolocation technology in today's mobile devices. These services can provide useful information on places to eat or other local services, but keep in mind that there are downsides to this technology. When users check in on a location-savvy social network, they effectively broadcast to the world vital information about their whereabouts, which might provide useful information to a competitor. A seemingly harmless check-in at an airport near a customer's headquarters could be all a savvy competitor or intelligence agency needs to plan its spying strategy, Ryan says. When you travel overseas, you're a target Clearly, if you're a business executive planning to travel overseas, you're a potential target for corporate and government spies. Take every precaution you can to protect corporate systems and data. That's a discomfiting reality you may be tempted to laugh off as paranoia or "it won't happen to me." Really, you shouldn't. This story, "When in China, don't leave your laptop alone [10]," was originally published at InfoWorld.com [11]. Follow the latest developments in security [12] at InfoWorld.com. For the latest developments in business technology news, follow InfoWorld.com on Twitter [13]. Security Laptops Cyber Crime Data Loss Prevention Data Security Endpoint Protection Mobile Security Malware Source URL (retrieved on 2012-12-04 11:40PM): http://www.infoworld.com/d/security/when-in-china-dont-leave-your-laptop-al… Links: [1] http://www.infoworld.com/d/security/how-stop-your-executives-being-harpoone… [2] http://www.infoworld.com/t/data-loss-prevention/download-the-data-loss-prev… [3] http://www.infoworld.com/malware-deep-dive?idglg=ifwsite_editinline&sou… [4] http://www.infoworld.com/d/security/us-report-warns-cyber-spying-russia-chi… [5] http://www.infoworld.com/d/security-central/your-laptop-data-not-safe-so-fi… [6] http://www.infoworld.com/t/mac-os-x/mac-os-x-lion-makes-the-security-grade-… [7] http://www.infoworld.com/d/mobile-technology/review-its-strike-3-microsofts… [8] http://www.infoworld.com/byod [9] http://www.infoworld.com/d/security/creating-strong-passwords-easier-you-th… [10] http://www.infoworld.com/d/security/dont-leave-your-laptop-alone-even-minut… [11] http://www.infoworld.com?source=footer [12] http://www.infoworld.com/d/security?source=footer [13] http://twitter.com/infoworld

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/. ITU Approves Deep Packet Inspection
by Eugen Leitl 04 Dec '12

04 Dec '12

http://yro.slashdot.org/story/12/12/05/0115214/itu-approves-deep-packet-ins… ITU Approves Deep Packet Inspection Posted by Soulskill on Tuesday December 04, @08:19PM from the inspect-my-encryption-all-you'd-like dept. dsinc sends this quote from Techdirt about the International Telecommunications Union's ongoing conference in Dubai that will have an effect on the internet everywhere: "One of the concerns is that decisions taken there may make the Internet less a medium that can be used to enhance personal freedom than a tool for state surveillance and oppression. The new Y.2770 standard is entitled 'Requirements for deep packet inspection in Next Generation Networks', and seeks to define an international standard for deep packet inspection (DPI). As the Center for Democracy & Technology points out, it is thoroughgoing in its desire to specify technologies that can be used to spy on people. One of the big issues surrounding WCIT and the ITU has been the lack of transparency b or even understanding what real transparency might be. So it will comes as no surprise that the new DPI standard was negotiated behind closed doors, with no drafts being made available."

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Re: [liberationtech] NYT: For Syria’s Rebel Movement, Skype Is a Useful and Increasingly Dangerous Tool
by Eugen Leitl 04 Dec '12

04 Dec '12

----- Forwarded message from Eva Galperin <eva(a)eff.org> -----

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