December 2003 - cypherpunks-legacy

Re: Harald Fragner
by Anonymous 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Of course I have issues! That felcher Harald Fragner led me to believe that through him, he would get me hooked up with Monica Lewinsky through this six degrees thing! I hear she really loves to party with the geek-set! That mother humper actually made me send him a check in exchange for her private info, after which he takes me out of his contact info! I tell you what, it's monkey spankers like Harald Fragner that make this six degrees service a real sham. These toe fungus kissers need to be taken out of six degrees! I'm going to contact my congressman and tell him to watch out for the likes of a camel snot taster like Harald Fragner, if that's even his real name. And I'm telling him to watch out for you guys too! You just watch it, you gerbil tubers! You cheese whiz fondlers! You purveyors of cottage cheese and farm animals! The government knows what you're up to! Sincerely, Joe Cypherpunk, dissatisfied customer at large At 09:49 AM 9/15/98 -0500, sixdegrees wrote: >Just a quick update from sixdegrees(tm). Unfortunately Harald >Fragner (harald(a)fragner.net) asked not to be listed as your >contact with sixdegrees. > >We also wanted to make sure you were aware that you currently >have no other confirmed contacts, so it will be hard for you to >have a productive sixdegrees experience. As you probably know, >without any confirmed contacts, you won't get any results from our >networking searches. > >So, we just wanted to recommend that you head over to >http://www.sixdegrees.com , log-in, and go to MY CONTACTS >to list additional relationships. > > >==================================================================== >PLEASE NOTE: All replies to this address are processed by a computer. >If you have any problems, questions or requests send an e-mail to >issues(a)sixdegrees.com and someone will get back to you as soon as >possible. >==================================================================== > > >E.DB.BRESP.3 >

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Anon traffic via SSZ
by Jim Choate 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Forwarded message: > Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1998 19:07:24 +0200 > From: Anonymous <nobody(a)replay.com> > > There seems to be a problem posting anonymous messages to cypherpunks(a)ssz.com. I have posted several messages over the past week and *none* of them have showed up. > > I am posting this as a test message. I am sending it to the following addresses: > > cypherpunks(a)toad.com > cypherpunks(a)ssz.com > cypherpunks(a)algebra.com > cypherpunks(a)cyberpass.net > > I will add the server name to the subject line for each post to test which messages are being delivered and which are not. > > I AM TOTOCUS!! Nothing on this end filters unless it comes from/to: cypherpunks-unedited(a)toad.com mosexpo.ru fw9.telekom.edu any.where.com I filter these because the dumbshit's at mosexpo.ru keep sending messages with munged headers that fill up postmaser's mailbox with delivery failure messages. I got tired of using the 'd' key. But even in this case, I only filter *after* I've forwarded the traffic to the other nodes. The only other quirk I'm aware of regarding anon posts are ones without subjects, in which case I get a notice that the Japanese node is dropping it because it doesn't have headers. This should come as no surprise as I've made mention several times on this issue. ____________________________________________________________________ The seeker is a finder. Ancient Persian Proverb The Armadillo Group ,::////;::-. James Choate Austin, Tx /:'///// ``::>/|/ ravage(a)ssz.com www.ssz.com .', |||| `/( e\ 512-451-7087 -====~~mm-'`-```-mm --'- --------------------------------------------------------------------

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First Century Church
by jmessenger＠30337.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Hello. Jim and I received your name from a list given to us by a friend who indicated that you may be interested in a unique Christian site in Jerusalem (the Holy Land): http://jcr.org The Jerusalem Christian Review is Jerusalem's leading Christian newspaper, and reports discoveries in the Holy Land which have direct implications on our understanding of the Bible. Their reports are well documented with pictures and the participation of world-famous Bible scholars in Jerusalem. Some of these discoveries include: - A First Century Jerusalem Tomb with an inscribed dedication to "Jesus, who Ascended", dating to before the New Testament was written! - A First Century Amulet found in the Holy Land which seem to depict come of the Miracles of Jesus! -- The recently found Palace of King David, including an exclusive interview with the Hebrew University archaeologist who discovered it. - A burial cave in Nazareth with the personal testimonials of the very first Christians of Galilee. - Answers to the Mystery of Calvary. Scholars Find Stunning Evidence of Jesus' Crucifixion at Golgotha! Although we are not personally connected to this ministry, we were so impressed with the impact of the information at this site that we felt it was our duty to help spread the word. It has helped us so much in our own walk with the Lord and with evangelism! We ask you to forward copies of this letter to all of your friends, so that they can be informed of the dynamic way God is reaching back through history and revealing Himself so dramatically to the world today! Take a look for yourself. Again, the WWW address in Jerusalem is: http://jcr.org Yours in His service, Jim and Barbara Randolph P. S.: We are attaching here part of a statement of mission taken from the web site of the Jerusalem Christian Review, which is exciting!! -------------------------------------------------------------- Special Request: PLEASE HELP SHARE THIS IMPORTANT EVIDENCE BY COPYING THIS MESSAGE AND SENDING IT TO YOUR FAMILY AND FRIENDS. THANK YOU. _______________________________ *********************************************** >From the Editor: >From the Past to the Present... The Jerusalem Christian Review , a newspaper with a mission. The very first Christians in the world were those who witnessed first hand the Ministry, Words and deeds of Jesus of Nazareth. They had a very unique opportunity - the opportunity to personally ask Him questions, interact with Him and see for themselves the culmination of His life on earth. While these first witnesses can no longer testify to the events of the past, their inscribed testimonials, some of which were buried for two-thousand years, are only today being discovered and deciphered in the Holy Land. In recent years, unprecedented archaeological study and biblical research has literally brought to life the very pages of the Bible. Scholars in the Holy Land have unearthed startling discoveries which reveal, in more clarity than ever in history, the world of the very first followers of Jesus. Today, one can physically walk in the footsteps of His disciples and first apostles, sit in the very places where they were judged, witness the spectacular nature of the cities they lived in and read the inscriptions they left behind. A cave found years ago by the renown French archaeologist, Charles Clarmont-Ganneau, near ancient Bethany, exposed a first century tomb which included three ossuaries (stone coffins) inscribed with the symbol of the cross and the Hebrew names of Lazarus, Martha and Mary (John 11:1,2). In a nearby tomb, a monogrammed dedication written only a few years after Jesus' crucifixion, also accompanied by a cross mark, was deciphered by Prof. J. Finegan of the Pacific School of Religion, Berkeley, to read: "Jesus Christ, the Redeemer." At the southern edge of the Kidron Valley, the "Valley of Judgement" in Jerusalem, the Hebrew University archaeologist, Prof. Eleazar L. Sukenik, discovered a first century ossuary with cross marks and a testimonial reading: "[To] Jesus, the Lord." (For more information, please see the Jerusalem Christian Review, Internet Edition, at http://jcr.org. Indeed, one cannot escape the inevitable conclusion that God is, today, using the Holy Land and the accelerated study of archaeology to substantiate the biblical narrative and to present a very modern message to today's world. The Jerusalem Christian Review, Jerusalem's leading Christian newspaper, invites you to join with us in prayer that, through the information contained in these pages, many might come to the realization that the Lord's Word is true. We invite you to take this opportunity to use the evidence being presented in this edition, and in future editions, to be good stewards of this message from the Holy Land - to tell your family and friends of these testimonials, which carry from the past a very modern message to the present and for the future. *********************************************** You can access the Jerusalem Christian Review in Jerusalem at: http://jcr.org We ask you to help share the Word by passing this email message to your family and friends. Thank you. This email message has bee sent by S.P.Fox at the request of the Randolfs who wish to say thanks to friends and loved ones without whose advise and expertise, this mailing would not be possible. I can be reached c/o 230 West Hall Avenue, PO Box 202 Slidell, LA 70460 This is a first time and one time mailing from me, but if you wish, you can be removed from my mailing list by sending an email with the word Remove in the subject to: no_no_thank(a)mailexcite.com

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CHRYSLER AWARD NOMINATION STATEMENT 9/15/98 12:30 PM
by bill payne 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Tuesday 9/15/98 12:39 PM e-mail Ms Vikki Hardy Chrysler Award for Innovative Design c/o Bozell Advertising 1000 Town Center, 15th Floor Southfield, MI 48075-1241 248 262 8643 vhardy(a)detroit.bozell.com We are sending our submission by 1 e-mail 2 hardcopy 3 diskette with .htm and .txt files by priority certified mail. Best bill CHRYSLER AWARD NOMINATION STATEMENT 9/15/98 12:30 PM American forefathers drafted the Constitution and laws of our country shortly after having suffered injustice. Fresh in their minds were strategies used by their oppressors. Writers of the Constitution and laws anticipated ways to subvert our system. Therefore, our forefathers designed safeguards into our legal system to prevent future injustice. But these safeguards DONT appear to be working today. Morales and Payne designed a strategy using the National Security Agency [NSA], Sandia National Laboratories, the US Federal Court System, and publication on Internet to illustrate how the US government has deteriorated. Arthur Morales WAS a supervisor at Sandia Labs in 1991. Morales and Manuel Garcia organized a class action lawsuit on behalf of Hispanics against Sandia. Sandia settled Morales and Garcias lawsuit. Department of Energy acknowledged from Freedom of Information Act [FOIA] requests that as of December 31, 1995 Morales cost Sandia $567,137 in legal fees. Sandia retaliated against Morales. Morales sued Sandia in New Mexico District Court. Morales lost. William Payne wrote a technical report describing deficiencies NSAs cryptographic algorithms http://jya.com/da/whpda.htm. Sandia transferred Payne to break electronics locks for the Federal Bureau of Invesitgation [FBI]. Payne refused to do illegal work. http://www.jya.com/whp1.htm. Payne sued Sandia in Federal Court. Payne lost and court records were sealed. FBI agent Bernardo Perez led a class action lawsuit against the FBI for race discrimination against Hispanic FBI agents. http://www.usdoj.gov/osg/1995/w951482w.txt Perez won. Perez was assigned agent-in-charge of the FBI in Albuquerque for settlement. But Perez lost money. Morales and Payne learned that the FBI extorted an inexpensive from Perez by telling Perez that the FBI was GUARANTEED to win on appeal in Federal Circuit. With Perez and others knowledge of circuit courts, Morales and Payne appealed their respective cases pro se to the Tenth Circuit. In Paynes case Sandia failed to submit its Brief of the Appellees on time. Then falsified its certificate of service when Payne filed to remand. In Morales case Sandia submitted a deficient Brief of the Appellees which was returned but failed to serve Morales with its brief. Payne and Morales both won at the Tenth Circuit on technicalities. But judges awarded the wins to Sandia. All attempts by Morales and Payne to get copies of the docket for their respective Tenth Circuit cases failed. Therefore, Morales and Payne hatched a plan to get the dockets and expose government misconduct. Payne previously made FOIA requests to NSA for copies of messages and translations given to Iraq during the Iraq/Iran war, copies of Libyan messages intercepted by NSA, and NSA cryptographic algorithms Payne thought contained deficiencies. Morales and Payne sued NSA pro se for the documents. Lawsuit progress was broadcast on Internet through e-mail and http://www.aci.net/kalliste/speccoll.htm http://jya.com/whpfiles.htm And Payne wrote Black and White Test of Cryptographic Algorithms criticizing the US governments crypto contest. http://zolatimes.com. Morales and Payne FINALLY got copies of dockets from their respective cases from the Tenth Circuit using Internet as an innovative tool.

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No Subject
by Anonymous 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Nothing on this end filters unless it comes from/to: cypherpunks-unedited(a)toad.com mosexpo.ru fw9.telekom.edu any.where.com I filter these because the dumbshit's at mosexpo.ru keep sending messages with munged headers that fill up postmaser's mailbox with delivery failure messages. I got tired of using the 'd' key. But even in this case, I only filter *after* I've forwarded the traffic to the other nodes. The only other quirk I'm aware of regarding anon posts are ones without subjects, in which case I get a notice that the Japanese node is dropping it because it doesn't have headers. This should come as no surprise as I've made mention several times on this issue. ----- The post I made earlier went through without a problem, but as I mentioned in my original post I had made several anon posts through replay.com to cypherpunks(a)ssz.com and they never made it to the list. I also noticed that replay.com seems to be striping the subject from the posts as in my last post I *did* put a subject line on the message but it arrived to the list without one. In the messages I sent, a couple of them I used a chain of remailers but when they failed to appear I sent the remaining messages through replay.com only (using the https interface to send the messages). It may have just been a problem on replay's end but on all the posts I did get a conformation page that the messages had been accepted. Odd. I AM TOTOCUS!!!

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Crypto in a Cuban Crime...
by Robert Hettinga 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

At 12:18 PM -0400 on 9/15/98, Charles Smith of Win Schwartau's FUDFactory wrote something mildly clueful: > BUSTED CUBAN SPIES USE CRYPTO > ----------------------------- > FBI officials are proud that they broke up a small ring of Cuban > spies in Florida. The Cuban espionage agents are accused of > using encryption to encode messages and protect information. > Expect Director Freeh to use this bust as one of a hand full > historical examples of "crypto" crimes in his next Congressional > testimony. According to his last testimony in August 1998, only > 17 crimes over the past 10 years have been made more difficult > for the FBI by encryption. > > What the FBI Director won't tell you is that the Cubans have > been sending enciphered messages to their U.N. mission in New > York over SHORT-WAVE RADIO for almost 30 years. The Morse code > signals are encrypted with a Cuban one-time-pad cipher and > transmitted from Havana on a nightly basis. The Cuban encrypted > transmissions are so regular - some HAM radio operators set > their clocks by it. ----------------- Robert A. Hettinga <mailto: rah(a)philodox.com> Philodox Financial Technology Evangelism <http://www.philodox.com/> 44 Farquhar Street, Boston, MA 02131 USA "... however it may deserve respect for its usefulness and antiquity, [predicting the end of the world] has not been found agreeable to experience." -- Edward Gibbon, 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'

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Forwarded mail...
by Jim Choate 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Forwarded message: > Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1998 21:14:19 +0200 > From: Anonymous <nobody(a)replay.com> > The post I made earlier went through without a problem, but as I mentioned in my original post I had made several anon posts through replay.com to cypherpunks(a)ssz.com and they never made it to the list. > > I also noticed that replay.com seems to be striping the subject from the posts as in my last post I *did* put a subject line on the message but it arrived to the list without one. > > In the messages I sent, a couple of them I used a chain of remailers but when they failed to appear I sent the remaining messages through replay.com only (using the https interface to send the messages). > > It may have just been a problem on replay's end but on all the posts I did get a conformation page that the messages had been accepted. > > Odd. > > I AM TOTOCUS!!! > Sounds to me like you need to be talking to replay. ____________________________________________________________________ The seeker is a finder. Ancient Persian Proverb The Armadillo Group ,::////;::-. James Choate Austin, Tx /:'///// ``::>/|/ ravage(a)ssz.com www.ssz.com .', |||| `/( e\ 512-451-7087 -====~~mm-'`-```-mm --'- --------------------------------------------------------------------

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Re: radio net
by Brian B. Riley 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

On 9/6/98 6:20 PM, Steve Schear (schear(a)lvcm.com) passed this wisdom: >> Spread spectrum would have more promise as many stations could be on the >>air at once on the same frequency thus making life quite confusing for >>the T-hunters. > >I investigated this application several years back and see two practical >approaches: one adapt a commercial SSB or Ham transciever to use frequency >hopping spread spectrum, or two build a pirate spread spectrum satellite >ground station. > >Until recently most SSB gear didn't have the RF characteristics to use FH. >Now there are a number of inexpensive sets which use direct frequency >synthesis (as opposed to the older, and much slower, phase-locked loop >approach) and can be driven at hundreds or even thousands of hops per >second. FH helps solve two problems: first it provides privacy, second it >can mitigate or eliminate fading (which is highly time-frequency >correlated). Also, the higher the hop rate, the higher the process gain, >jam resistance and the lower the probablity of intecept (all other things >being equal). > >It think it was Phil Karn (Qualcomm) who once mused that it would be rather >straightforward to masquarade a high process gain SS signal on a commercial >satellite transponder. To it's owners the SS signal would be almost >invisible, making itself known as only a very slight depression in the >transponder's gain. Effectively, this could offer an inexpensive covert >channel for tunneling packets and thwarting traffic analysis. > >After the Captain Midnight episode I discussed this possibility with a very >technically knowledgeable staffer at the FCC and was assured that discovery >of such signals were beyond (at that time) the ability of commercial and >national technical (e.g., Lacrosse) means. I would suppose the T-hunt aspects of a clandestine network would be obviated by piggybacking it into a commercial satellite transponder channels ... which brings to mind about how expensive one or two of those channeles might be. I remeber in the early days of ham packet radio we had several 'wormholes' where hams had obtained through their places of employemnt temporary use of unused satellite channels where we were given essentially RS232 access and we adapted the packet switches to an async backchannel in place of another synch RF path. They did make for some intersting network improvements. I guess it always comes down to how do you fund such things. Brian B. Riley --> http://members.macconnect.com/~brianbr For PGP Keys <mailto:brianbr@together.net?subject=Get%20PGP%20Key> "Success always occurs in private, and failure in full view." -- from somewhere on the Net

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Re: Larry Gilbert, AOLers, and the Hyper-real flamer
by Michael Branch 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

this news group is a lot like the Jerry Springer show. Mike > From: AIMSX(a)aol.com > Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1998 08:06:33 EDT > To: nobody(a)replay.com, cypherpunks(a)toad.com > Mime-Version: 1.0 > Subject: Re: Larry Gilbert, AOLers, and the Hyper-real flamer > Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit > > Obviously you have a very high opinion of yourself and a low opinion of people > who use AOL. Contrary to popular belief, there are a few intelligent people > on AOL, but it looks as if you are too egotistical to realize that. > > Have you ever thought to look at your own mistakes before you publicize > everyone else's to the world? Are you just suffering from some sort of > dillusion of grandeur - thinking you are better than everyone else. Things > like this are what many wars were started over, I am so happy the internet > (hopefully) won't start a war in the real world. > ################################################################# # # # Michael Branch, UwD Customer Support Engr. # # (303) 464-4637 (UNIX witch doctor) # # Michael.Branch(a)central.sun.com Sun Microsystems, Inc. # # # # "I turn big problems into little problems." # # # #################################################################

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IP: Working Photonic Lattice, A Dream For A Decade, Fabricated At Sandia
by Robert Hettinga 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

--- begin forwarded text Delivered-To: ignition-point(a)majordomo.pobox.com X-Sender: believer(a)telepath.com Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1998 16:16:20 -0500 To: believer(a)telepath.com From: believer(a)telepath.com Subject: IP: Working Photonic Lattice, A Dream For A Decade, Fabricated At Sandia Mime-Version: 1.0 Sender: owner-ignition-point(a)majordomo.pobox.com Precedence: list Reply-To: believer(a)telepath.com Source: EurekAlert! http://www.eurekalert.org/releases/snl-wpladfad.html For Immediate Release: 15 September 1998 Contact: Neal Singer nsinger(a)sandia.gov (505) 845-7078 Sandia National Laboratories Working Photonic Lattice, A Dream For A Decade, Fabricated At Sandia: Lincoln Log-Like Structure To Improve Infrared And Optical Communications, Optical Computers ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. -- By interlocking tiny slivers of silicon into a lattice that, under a microscope, appears to be formed by toy Lincoln logs, scientists at the Department of Energy's Sandia National Laboratories believe they have solved a major technical problem: how to bend light easily and cheaply without leaking it, no matter how many twists or turns are needed for optical communications or (potentially) optical computers. The lattice, dubbed a photonic crystal (crystals have regularly repeating internal structures), now works in the infrared range (approximately 10-micron wavelengths). This achievement is of military and commercial interest because the technique can be used to enhance or better transmit infrared images. Sandia researchers Shawn Lin and Jim Fleming now are preparing a 1.5 micron crystal -- the region in which almost all the world?s optically transmitted information is passed. The improvement -- which bends far more light in far less space at considerably less cost than current commercial methods -- will make possible tinier, cheaper, more effective waveguides to combine or separate optical frequencies at the beginning or end of information transmissions. It will find wide application in data transmission and in more compact and efficient sensors. (See "Technique Perfected...." backgrounder that follows.) Pierre Villeneuve, a research scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), says, "With the structure [Sandia researcher] Shawn [Lin] is using now, he'll be able to hit the 1.5 micron mark within the next 12 months. This shows how 'key' this work is: He's using a technique that lends itself to hitting the mark." A venture capitalist requesting anonymity has approached the researchers to commercialize the process. The achievement, for which Sandia has applied for a patent, was reported in the July 16 issue of the journal Nature. The structure, in the regularity and spacing of its parts, is mirrorlike in not permitting light of a particular frequency, caught within the cavity of the structure, to escape. Instead, light must follow along any twists or turns designed into the log structure. By designing the distance between logs carefully, a chosen wavelength is reflected instead of passing out of the space, as longer or shorter wavelengths can. With introduction of an impurity like air or much thicker polysilicon "logs" to provide routes for preselected wavelengths introduced into the crystal, light travels along the impurity as it twists or bends. No matter how sharp the turns, light of frequency roughly in the middle of the band gap cannot escape. Funding for the project was provided by Sandia's Laboratory-Directed Research and Development office, which funds speculative, defense-related research, and by the DOE. A Photonic Band Gap What's "cool," in the eyes of some observers, is that Sandia researchers Lin and Fleming have created the equivalent of a photonic "band gap" that forbids certain frequencies of light from exiting the lattice. ("Band Gap" is a term usually applied to electrons, not photons, and signifies a range of energies in which electrons are absent because their presence would contradict quantum mechanical laws.) The nearly leak-proof lattices form a cage that trap and guide approximately 95 percent of the light sent within them, as compared with approximately 30 percent for conventional waveguides, and they take only one-tenth to one-fifth the space to bend the light. (The Sandia photonic lattice's turning radius is currently in the one-wavelength range, rather than the traditional waveguide bend of more than 10 wavelengths.) Standard, integrated-circuit manufacturing technology used to fabricate micromachines -- machines nearly too small to see -- at Sandia's Microelctronics Development Laboratory can create tens of thousands of waveguides from a single, 6-inch silicon wafer. This is a factor 10 to 100 times more dense than can be fabricated using more expensive gallium arsenide with current commercial technology. Potential uses: low-energy lasers, photonic computers, communications Because little light is lost in the three-dimensional mirroring that sends light back at itself, a new type of microlaser requiring little start-up energy is theoretically achievable. (Most conventional lasers require large jolts of energy to begin operating because so much light is lost in the lasing start-up process.) The achievement also brings nearer the day when computers that transmit information using photons rather than electrons become a practical reality. Currently, desktop computers use electrons to pass information, but as more circuits are included on new chips, they become more difficult to cool. Photons, the stuff of light, are faster and cooler than electrons. The problem is that no one has been able to bend useful frequencies of light around tight corners (as navigated by electrons through a million turns on a computer chip the size of a postage stamp) without incurring large losses in information; with previously used techniques, light leaks, and badly, the more tightly it is turned. One principle of optical communications is that differing frequencies of light are bent by different amounts. Waveguides first combine the frequencies of a number of information streams -- for example, telephone calls -- by bending them into the combined "white" light passing through an optical cable; then other waveguides separate the light into component frequencies by bending it at the end of its journey. Photonic Band Gap Crystals -- A History The idea of a "photonic band gap structure" was first advanced in 1987 by Eli Yablonovitch, now a professor at the University of California at Los Angeles. In 1990, he built the first photonic crystal, baseball-sized to channel microwaves useful in antennae applications. In the mid 1990s, scientists at Ames Laboratory in Iowa built crystals the size of ping pong balls, also for microwaves. The components were of a size that could be put together by hand, using straight metal pins (of the type that hold new shirts in place). The size reduction for current structures is a striking achievement that researchers have been attempting to achieve for a decade, says Del Owyoung, Sandia manager for the project. The difference in frequency is comparable to moving from masers to lasers, he said ? from microwaves to optical waves. According to Rama Biswa, a researcher at Ames Lab, "We had built the same structure [as Sandia has] ourselves, but more than 100 times larger, in the microwave frequency range. I think it is quite remarkable that Shawn Lin's group could do it at these wavelengths in the infrared and at this size." Villeneuve, who has theorized about uses for photonic crystals for much of the 1990s in a group led by MIT professor J. D. Joannopoulos, praised the Sandia group for "showing that what we're doing is valid," he says. "[People would say,] 'It's wonderful that you're coming out with all these great devices [that make use of photonic crystals], but your building block doesn't even exist!'" That is no longer the case. Sandia is a multiprogram DOE laboratory, operated by a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corp. With main facilities in Albuquerque, N.M., and Livermore, Calif., Sandia has major research and development responsibilities in national security, energy, and environmental technologies. ### BACKGROUND: Technique Perfected In Building Surface-Etched Micromachines Shawn Lin and Jim Fleming achieved the desired crystalline spacing using techniques perfected in building surface-etched micromachines, at which Sandia is a world leader. Gears that spin require spaces between parts; specifically, a silicon base is covered with an expendable coating in which a part can be etched, and then the expendable portion is removed by chemical and mechanical means, leaving the gear or axle unencumbered by surrounding material and thus able to spin freely [www.mdl.sandia.gov/micromachines] Using a variant on the same technique, Fleming made an artificial crystal lattice. He took a silicon wafer, coated it with silicon dioxide, cut trenches into the silicon dioxide and then bathed the chip in polysilicon till it filled the trenches. Then he polished the surface until smooth and bathed the chip in another layer of silicon dioxide, into which he cut the same number of trenches as before, but so they lay across the trenches beneath them at right angles, and then filled these trenches with polysilicon. After repeating this process a number of time, Jim removed the silicon dioxide, using hydrofluoric acid, and got "micron layers of Lincoln logs, orthogonal to each other, and joined where they touch." Center to center, the polysilicon logs were 1.2 microns wide, 1.5 microns high, with a pitch of 4.8 microns -- child's play to achieve in the world of silicon micromachines. The proportions were identical to that specified by Ames Laboratory and Iowa State researchers as those necessary to make the photonic equivalent of an electronic band gap. Media Contact: Neal Singer nsinger(a)sandia.gov (505) 845-7078 Technical Contact : Shawn Lin slin(a)sandia.gov (505) 844-8097 Jim Fleming fleminjg(a)sandia.gov (505) 844-9158 Del Owyoung aowyoun(a)sandia.gov (505) 884-5481 ----------------------- NOTE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107, this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml ----------------------- ********************************************** To subscribe or unsubscribe, email: majordomo(a)majordomo.pobox.com with the message: (un)subscribe ignition-point email@address ********************************************** www.telepath.com/believer ********************************************** --- end forwarded text ----------------- Robert A. Hettinga <mailto: rah(a)philodox.com> Philodox Financial Technology Evangelism <http://www.philodox.com/> 44 Farquhar Street, Boston, MA 02131 USA "... however it may deserve respect for its usefulness and antiquity, [predicting the end of the world] has not been found agreeable to experience." -- Edward Gibbon, 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'

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