December 2003 - cypherpunks-legacy

Re: PGP Inc has gone to the dogs
by Reeza! 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Cleaning out the dross, I found this. What was "broken" in pgp50? Reeza! At 10:16 AM 10/18/98 +0100, Adam Back wrote: > >PGP Inc has taken leave of it's sense. Masses of untrue claims on web >pages (take a look at examples below), no RSA support, no unix >versions (other than old broken pgp50).

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17 Dec '03

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17 Dec '03

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Re: German government press release on Wassenaar (fwd)
by Jim Choate 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Forwarded message: > Date: Fri, 11 Dec 1998 22:50:04 +0100 > From: Alexander Kjeldaas <astor(a)guardian.no> > Subject: Re: German government press release on Wassenaar > I applied for an examination of the Open Source definition to the > department for foreign affairs in Norway. The response (no surprise) > was that Open Source is compliant with what the Wassenaar-agreement > calls "public domain" software. Actualy that is surprising since Open Sourse does not imply the loss of rights by the author as public domain does. If this is so and Germany interprets Open Source in this way then the OS movement will fail in Germany (at least). There will be no motive for authors to release their work since they will be in effect releasing all rights to it, not the goal of OS at all. The impact on this for closed source derivitive products is also of some interest. I wonder what RMS will have to say on that one... ____________________________________________________________________ What raises the standard of living may well diminish the quality of life. The Club of Rome The Armadillo Group ,::////;::-. James Choate Austin, Tx /:'///// ``::>/|/ ravage(a)ssz.com www.ssz.com .', |||| `/( e\ 512-451-7087 -====~~mm-'`-```-mm --'- --------------------------------------------------------------------

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Hayek Quote of the Week
by Robert Hettinga 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

--- begin forwarded text Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Sender: rah(a)pop.sneaker.net Date: Fri, 11 Dec 1998 17:59:16 -0500 To: Digital Bearer Settlement List <dbs(a)philodox.com> From: Robert Hettinga <rah(a)shipwright.com> Subject: Hayek Quote of the Week Sender: <dbs(a)philodox.com> Precedence: Bulk List-Subscribe: <mailto:requests@philodox.com?subject=subscribe%20dbs> X-Web-Archive: http://www.philodox.com/dbs-archive/ While we're at it... Cheers, Robert Hettinga --- begin forwarded text Date: Fri, 11 Dec 1998 17:19:31 EST Reply-To: Hayek Related Research <HAYEK-L(a)MAELSTROM.STJOHNS.EDU> Sender: Hayek Related Research <HAYEK-L(a)MAELSTROM.STJOHNS.EDU> From: Hayek-L List Host <HayekList(a)AOL.COM> Subject: Hayek Quote of the Week To: HAYEK-L(a)MAELSTROM.STJOHNS.EDU Hayek Quote of the Week " .. history is largely a history of inflation, and usually of inflations engineered by governments and for the gain of governments .. " F. A. Hayek, _Denationalisation of Money: The Argument Refined_ (third edition) London: Institute of Economic Affairs. 1990. p. 34 Hayek Quote of the Week is a regular feature of the Hayek-L list. >> END << --- end forwarded text ----------------- Robert A. Hettinga <mailto: rah(a)philodox.com> Philodox Financial Technology Evangelism <http://www.philodox.com/> 44 Farquhar Street, Boston, MA 02131 USA "... however it may deserve respect for its usefulness and antiquity, [predicting the end of the world] has not been found agreeable to experience." -- Edward Gibbon, 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire' --- end forwarded text ----------------- Robert A. Hettinga <mailto: rah(a)philodox.com> Philodox Financial Technology Evangelism <http://www.philodox.com/> 44 Farquhar Street, Boston, MA 02131 USA "... however it may deserve respect for its usefulness and antiquity, [predicting the end of the world] has not been found agreeable to experience." -- Edward Gibbon, 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'

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Welcome to Netcenter
by netcenter-reg＠netscape.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

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Re: alternative b-money creation
by Tim May 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

At 1:56 PM -0800 12/11/98, Wei Dai wrote: ... > >This argument is based on the misconception that people have no reason to >want to accept fiat money. But actually fiat money is valuable because it >performs a service for those who use it, namely the service of a medium of >exchange. It's value derives from the fact that there is positive demand >for a medium of exchange, and the fact that its supply is finite and >controlled by a sufficiently benevolent agency. > >Think about it this way. In the case of commodity money, its value comes >partly from the industrial/aesthetic value of the commodity and partly >from the usefulness of the commodity money as a medium of exchange. In the >case of fiat money and b-money, all of its value comes from its usefulness >as a medium of exchange. I believe _all_ forms of money, whether hard, fiat, whatever, come from the expectation that the money will be of the same value, more or less, in the future. Call it the "greater fool theory of money." All one cares about is that a greater fool will take the money. Whether the money is gold or funny bank notes or e-money, the Bayesian expectation of future value is what matters. Discounted appropriately for interest paid, etc. (Thus, one might be willing to be paid in gold coins or in E-Bay LEAPs, provided the terms were laid-out and could be calculated.) As always, reputation is critical. Repution = Belief = Expectation. --Tim May Y2K -- LMGALMAO -- Loading my guns and laughing my ass off ---------:---------:---------:---------:---------:---------:---------:---- Timothy C. May | Crypto Anarchy: encryption, digital money, ComSec 3DES: 831-728-0152 | anonymous networks, digital pseudonyms, zero W.A.S.T.E.: Corralitos, CA | knowledge, reputations, information markets, Licensed Ontologist | black markets, collapse of governments.

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Wassenaar Discussion...
by Missouri FreeNet Administration 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I thought the list might be interested to know that we have in fact had "more than a few" angry emails about being down on the 14th: hit-em where it hurts, and they *have* to listen, huh? For the most part, the response has been favorable, *after* they have been educated as to what is going on. These are the same people who, by and large, could care less about the average "political thing"... As I said before, I acknowledge that this "strike" takes out it's energy on those least responsible (directly, anyway), but it *does* seem to wake them up, since it directly involves them [now]... Anyone else having similar experiences? (I'm really curious about openpgp.net) Yours, J.A. Terranson sysadmin(a)mfn.org -- If Governments really want us to behave like civilized human beings, they should give serious consideration towards setting a better example: Ruling by force, rather than consensus; the unrestrained application of unjust laws (which the victim-populations were never allowed input on in the first place); the State policy of justice only for the rich and elected; the intentional abuse and occassionally destruction of entire populations merely to distract an already apathetic and numb electorate... This type of demogoguery must surely wipe out the fascist United States as surely as it wiped out the fascist Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The views expressed here are mine, and NOT those of my employers, associates, or others. Besides, if it *were* the opinion of all of those people, I doubt there would be a problem to bitch about in the first place... --------------------------------------------------------------------

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RE: Postcard Debates
by Wilson, Jamie (J.R.) 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Back to a previous question: how do we get the public to understand the concept of an "electronic envelope", the ACLU has created a PDF file that prints to a brochure format explaining encryption on a level that even the novice of users can understand. It is available at http://www.aclu.org/action/tools/crypto.pdf. ____________________________________________________ Jamie R. Wilson -----Original Message----- From: Joel O'Connor [mailto:ogrenivek@yahoo.com] Sent: Friday, 11 December, 1998 12:47 To: Wilson, Jamie (J.R.) Cc: cypherpunks(a)toad.com Subject: RE: Postcard Debates Deep. . .mad deep. I completely agree, does anyone know of any such laws regarding e-mail? ---"Wilson, Jamie (J.R.)" <jwilso37(a)visteonet.com> wrote: > > If everyone just encrypted their messages then no suspicions would be raised > regarding the use of encryption. Most people use envelopes, plain and > simple -- and as a result no one questions what they are hiding. It's > understood that mail is private and therefore people have a right to seal it > in an envelope and not worry about people tampering with it. On the same > note, there are federal regulations and penalties (in the U.S. anyway) for > tampering with mail and interrupting the delivery of it. The same laws > should apply to email. > > ____________________________________________________ > Jamie R. Wilson > > > > -----Original Message----- > From: Robert Wenzler [mailto:rwenzler@usachoice.com] > Sent: Thursday, 10 December, 1998 13:56 > To: Mbishop645(a)aol.com > Cc: maven(a)weirdness.com; hab(a)gamegirlz.com; Cypherpunks(a)toad.com > Subject: Re: > > > > > Mbishop645(a)aol.com wrote: > > > > >HaB wrote: > > ><snip> > > >> That's a good place to begin, though. "Would you send a letter to > > >> someone without an envelope?" "Then why not put your email in the > > >> electronic equivalent of one?" > > >> > > >> balance. > > > > > >Would I send a letter to someone without an envelope? > > >One word: postcard. > > > > Ahh, but would you tape a check for your phone bill to a postcard? Other > > than writing a greeting to someone what else do you use a postcard for? > > No, I would not tape a phone bill check to a postcard. There is the > chance for it to fall off. > > There is different methods of sending mail for different levels of > security and functionality. Some people make it obvious what is inside > an envelope. (who would not recognize a Christmas card from the > envelope?) Others make it as bland and normal as possible to > have it go by without much notice. > > It all depends on how secure you want it. Some things you can do > with what amounts to postcard security. > > What amount of security do you want for your email? Would you be > willing to do something extra for that security? > > This type of question is up to each person. How much risk is the > person willing to take. Each person has the responsibility to > understand what the risks are and to decide what risks they are > willing to take. > == Ogre bounces like sonar. . .Peace. Ogre _________________________________________________________ DO YOU YAHOO!? Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

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RE: Postcard Debates
by Anonymous 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

postcard not private? nobody reads them? just this last week click and clack (you know, the car guys on NPR) received a $20 bill in the mail. no envelope - just a $20 bill with a stamp and their address written on the face. amazing but true. source: http://cartalk.cars.com/Radio/Show/RAfiles/9849/s07.ram - real audio required. EnvelopeMonger

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'Martial law' rushed for Y2K chaos
by Jean-Francois Avon 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

LOCAL Saturday 12 December 1998 'Martial law' rushed for Y2K chaos Report warns government to be ready to invoke federal Emergencies Act By David Pugliese The Ottawa Citizen The federal government should consider invoking the Emergencies Act, the successor to the War Measures Act, if the millennium bug causes widespread chaos, according to newly obtained government documents. The report, by the Year 2000 contingency planning group of Emergency Preparedness Canada, calls for orders and regulations for the Emergencies Act to be ready by the end of March. "In the worst case, we should consider the Emergencies Act a potential source of special powers," urge documents prepared by government in July and August and obtained by the Citizen under the Access to Information Act. "Among the activities that must be done to meet the problems resulting from Y2000 failures is development of relevant emergency orders and regulations required for the invocation of emergency provisions under the Emergencies Act." Federal departments are to identify what emergency orders would be needed in their areas of responsibility to deal with a countrywide disaster caused by the millennium bug. Those orders and regulations should have been in place in 1988 -- when the Emergencies Act was brought in to replace the War Measures Act -- but federal departments failed to develop them. While the lack of emergency orders and regulations among federal departments would not have prevented the Emergencies Act from being invoked, it would have meant that any federal response to a large-scale crisis would not have run smoothly. Defence Minister Art Eggleton, who is in charge of Emergency Preparedness Canada, will also be issued with a step-by-step guidebook on actions to be taken in a "major or catastrophic emergency" caused by the millennium bug, according to the report. That book will include all the documents needed and the names of provincial officials who should be consulted before the federal government invokes the Emergencies Act. The War Measures Act was last invoked by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau on Oct. 16, 1970, to deal with the FLQ terrorist threat -- the first and only peacetime implementation of such sweeping powers. The Front de Liberation du Quebec had kidnapped British diplomat James Cross, who was later released, and Liberal cabinet minister Pierre Laporte, who was slain. During the crisis, Canadian troops were ordered to protect public figures, and 497 possible suspects were arbitrarily rounded up and arrested in an attempt to break the FLQ cell structure. Defence spokesman Maj. John Blakeley said the process now being put in place is simply part of prudent planning to deal with the millennium bug and does not automatically mean the Emergencies Act will be enacted. "The question of whether it will be required or not is one that will have to be determined at the time," Maj. Blakeley said. "Basically, this is saying, 'If it gets to that stage, is everything ready?' " Maj. Blakeley said all scenarios have to be considered, including the most unlikely one: widespread major problems caused by the millennium bug. He added that the Defence department is confident it will be ready to handle any emergencies associated with the computer glitch. But the Auditor General has continually warned that the federal government is lacking in its emergency response capabilities. Among the criticisms over the years: - In 1997, the Auditor General voiced concern that not enough was being done to deal with an emergency caused by a major oil or chemical spill; - In 1992, the Auditor General repeated warnings that the government had still not created an emergency program to deal with an earthquake. The Auditor General's office says those plans are still undeveloped. - In 1989, the Auditor General pointed out that the emergency orders and measures needed by federal departments for the Emergencies Act had not been mapped out. Nine years later, that remains the case. Jim Hanson, a defence analyst and retired Canadian Army brigadier general, said the Emergencies Act contains the same sweeping powers to deal with unrest and civil emergencies. But he said it is likely such measures are intended more to give powers to civilian agencies, such as police forces, in case there are problems from the millennium bug. "It wouldn't take much under the existing National Defence Act or the 'aid to civil powers' provisions to put military personnel on the streets." Some computer analysts believe the millennium bug, also known as the Year 2000 or Y2K problem, will cause only minor disruptions. But others predict it will trigger widespread disruptions in computers that control everything from hydro and financial systems to air-traffic control. The problem centres on the fact that the internal counters of computers will read the year 2000 simply as 00. That could cause them to crash as they misread the 00 for the year 1900. Several months ago the Canadian Forces were told to prepare for the biggest peacetime deployment of troops ever in case computer failures caused by the Year 2000 problem disrupted key services. The plan, dubbed Operation Abacus, also involves the development of rules governing the use of force by soldiers in case they are called upon to assist police in dealing with emergency incidents. The reports obtained by the Citizen predict the first wave of computer failures could hit Canada on Sept. 9, 1999, because systems might have problems handling that date sequence, which is 9-9-99. The Defence department will activate a national co-ordination centre to handle emergency response to the millennium bug the day before that date, according to the documents. As part of its preparations, the national co-ordination centre will also run several exercises to test military readiness. In April, federal and provincial agencies in Quebec and Ontario will conduct a three-day training scenario involving a nuclear emergency -- a major test and evaluation of how the federal government and provinces can respond to a large-scale emergency that might result from the millennium bug, according to the Access documents. In the reports, military officials also raise concern that their ability to help out if the millennium bug causes widespread problems relies heavily on Canada's electrical, transportation, food and water and sewage systems having their own Year 2000 problems under control: "The ability of the (Canadian Forces) to provide civil assistance is highly dependent on the state of preparedness of these infrastructure items since the CF, like everyone else, is highly dependent on smooth delivery of these supplies and services," the documents state. "Without aggressive action in these industrial and service sectors, the (Canadian Forces) may not be able to make a significant impact across the nation as a force of last resort." Military officials point out that more than 16,000 troops were needed to deal with the effects of the ice storm that hit Ontario and Quebec this year. But the millennium bug, the report states, "has the potential of creating a demand orders of magnitude greater than this, which are well beyond the CF's capability to respond." Defence officials called for "aggressive and preventive actions" now to reduce the Year 2000 risk to a more manageable level. The military will have about 32,000 of its personnel dedicated to Operation Abacus, with thousands more available if needed. In November, the Commons Public Accounts committee questioned whether the Canadian Forces would be able to deal with countrywide problems that might be caused by the millennium bug. But several weeks later, a report by Auditor General Denis Desautels found that the critical systems the Defence department needs should computer foul-ups create civil chaos are largely ready. These included systems that support the movement of troops and supplies and handling of communications. Copyright 1998 Ottawa Citizen

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17 Dec '03

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17 Dec '03

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Question About "C" programming
by GregShow2＠aol.com 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Could you please send me more information on this language.

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Re: German government press release on Wassenaar (fwd)
by Albert P. Franco, II 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I think the key idea which allows Open Source to be exempted is based on the availability to all eyes of the technology--not the legal rights attached to the software. The fact that the knowledge contained in Open Source software is available to all is the key. The legal right to use that knowledge is not quite the issue. If the knowledge in the software becomes "common knowledge" then defining its (illegal) export becomes extremely difficult. >From this point of view, I agree with the author of the original statement--this could be a very important boost for Open Source crypto. APF >Forwarded message: > >> Date: Fri, 11 Dec 1998 22:50:04 +0100 >> From: Alexander Kjeldaas <astor(a)guardian.no> >> Subject: Re: German government press release on Wassenaar > >> I applied for an examination of the Open Source definition to the >> department for foreign affairs in Norway. The response (no surprise) >> was that Open Source is compliant with what the Wassenaar-agreement >> calls "public domain" software. > >Actualy that is surprising since Open Sourse does not imply the loss of >rights by the author as public domain does. > >If this is so and Germany interprets Open Source in this way then the OS >movement will fail in Germany (at least). There will be no motive for >authors to release their work since they will be in effect releasing all >rights to it, not the goal of OS at all. The impact on this for closed source >derivitive products is also of some interest. > >I wonder what RMS will have to say on that one... > > > ____________________________________________________________________ > > What raises the standard of living may well diminish the > quality of life. > > The Club of Rome > > The Armadillo Group ,::////;::-. James Choate > Austin, Tx /:'///// ``::>/|/ ravage(a)ssz.com > www.ssz.com .', |||| `/( e\ 512-451-7087 > -====~~mm-'`-```-mm --'- > -------------------------------------------------------------------- >

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CFS & TCFS (was Re: Linux Encrypted File System)
by mib 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

If you are running Red Hat Linux and want the Cryptographic File System (also available for most BSD-derived Unix systems and most current Linux releases), go to http://www.replay.com/redhat/cfs.html If you are running Linux 2.0.X and want the Transparent Cryptographic File System (improves on Matt Blaze's CFS, they say), go to http://vales.uni.net/tcfs/ - d.

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Re: German government press release on Wassenaar (fwd)
by Jim Choate 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Forwarded message: > Date: Sat, 12 Dec 1998 15:33:10 +0100 > From: "Albert P. Franco, II" <apf2(a)apf2.com> > Subject: Re: German government press release on Wassenaar (fwd) > I think the key idea which allows Open Source to be exempted is based on > the availability to all eyes of the technology--not the legal rights > attached to the software. > > The fact that the knowledge contained in Open Source software is available > to all is the key. The legal right to use that knowledge is not quite the > issue. If the knowledge in the software becomes "common knowledge" then > defining its (illegal) export becomes extremely difficult. The problem I see with this is that the knowledge about the crypto system doesn't come from the source but rather from the mathematics that it is founded upon. If this line of reasoning is followed to its logical conclusion then publishing a paper on the algorithm also transmits that knowledge making particular knowledge of the software (ie whether I used a do-loop instead of a if statement) rather irrelevant. Now if it's not the particulars of the implimentation that we're protecting and it's not the mathematics itself then exactly what is it that we're protecting by imposing these closed source limitations? It looks to me like an unintentional(?) attempt to put commercial closed source crypto out of business. Under these regulations doesn't it mean that any business that isn't OS faces additional hurdles in its operation? Any business that is OS faces the problem of income stream which still isn't completely worked out for OS companies. This implies a longer time to market for OS crypto products. Also, since the source of PGP has always been avaiable doesn't this now make it permissible to export without restriction? ____________________________________________________________________ What raises the standard of living may well diminish the quality of life. The Club of Rome The Armadillo Group ,::////;::-. James Choate Austin, Tx /:'///// ``::>/|/ ravage(a)ssz.com www.ssz.com .', |||| `/( e\ 512-451-7087 -====~~mm-'`-```-mm --'- --------------------------------------------------------------------

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Echelon, Diana, Wassenaar
by John Young 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

The Wash Post today has picked up the hot European story of NSA's file on Princess Diana and linked it to the NSA's Echelon program. http://jya.com/nsa-diana.htm This is the first US major media story on Echelon, and its connection to privacy invasion of a global celebrity icon may do more to get public attention for the vile program than any previous investigation and report. NSA claims Diana was not a "target" and that the 1,000 pages of data on her were gathered "incidental" to other activities. But, as with all the TLA snooping, it is this incidental surveillance of the innocent that all the calls for loosening of encrypton controls is about. After all the near-futile efforts of investigators to bring Echelon out into the open, and counterefforts of pols and spooks cloak it, the Diana hook may the "Gone With The Wind" popularizer that finally energizes a genuine borad-based opposition, and, may very well be the kickoff to global demand for encryption to protect privacy worldwide and maybe even in the US. What wonderful cloubreak to let sunshine into the dark halls of Wassenaar and FT Meade spookdoms.

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DigiCash Update
by Robert Hettinga 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

--- begin forwarded text From: "Scott Loftesness" <scott(a)loftesness.com> To: <dbs(a)philodox.com> Subject: DigiCash Update Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1998 10:43:13 -0800 Mime-Version: 1.0 X-Priority: 3 (Normal) X-Msmail-Priority: Normal Importance: Normal X-Mimeole: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.3155.0 Sender: <dbs(a)philodox.com> Precedence: Bulk List-Subscribe: <mailto:requests@philodox.com?subject=subscribe%20dbs> X-Web-Archive: http://www.philodox.com/dbs-archive/ It's been a while since I've posted an update regarding DigiCash. As you know, DigiCash Incorporated filed Chapter 11 in early November. Since that time, over the course of the last several weeks, we've been engaged in discussions with a number of parties around the potential acquisition of the DigiCash assets. These discussions with potential acquirers are continuing. We are also exploring other options for DigiCash. One of these options involves establishing a more broadly based licensing structure for the DigiCash intellectual property. I would welcome those of you who are specifically interested in licensing the DigiCash IP for your own purposes to get in touch with me directly (Email is fine -- see below). Please specify your particular area of interest in the DigiCash IP when you contact me. (Please note that we are well aware of several recommendations for opening up the DigiCash IP. These recommendations have been posted on this list as well as having been discussed with me privately. We are primarily interested at this time, however, in ensuring that we are directly aware of those of you who have a direct licensing interest in the DigiCash IP specifically for your own purposes.) Best, Scott __________________________________________________________________ Interim CEO DigiCash Incorporated 2656 E. Bayshore Road Palo Alto, CA 94303 (650) 798-8183 work (650) 533-3142 cell Email: scott(a)loftesness.com or: sjl(a)digicash.com --- end forwarded text ----------------- Robert A. Hettinga <mailto: rah(a)philodox.com> Philodox Financial Technology Evangelism <http://www.philodox.com/> 44 Farquhar Street, Boston, MA 02131 USA "... however it may deserve respect for its usefulness and antiquity, [predicting the end of the world] has not been found agreeable to experience." -- Edward Gibbon, 'Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'

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Mathematician-to-silicon compilers and the Law
by Anonymous 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

>> >publishing a paper on the algorithm also transmits that knowledge making 1. In the *best-case*, the published paper transmits some knowledge to the reader :-) 2. In ECAD, tools try to go from that published Paper to circuits. In SoftE, tools try to go from english specs to runnable prototypes. Meanwhile, the humans who do various steps of this translation get paid reasonably well. 2. But eventually normal english prose will be *mechanically translatable* to a machine-ready format. Which means that free speech law starts mixing with machine law (patents, export restrictions, posession restrictions). Because the Instructions become the Thing. You can sell instructions on converting your rifle to full auto, or stealing cable TV. They're protected speech. But suppose you could feed a properly formatted blueprint into a universal fabricator and get a full auto rifle out? Crypto source code fed to a universal computer gives you a regulated item; what happens to the law when regular english is just a few clicks away from being an executable? A chip? There is a fundamental issue that the law doesn't handle at all consistently, because it previously didn't matter much, but which every CS Ugrad knows: There is no difference between software, and hardware. Only such annoyances as cost, development time, throughput, flexibility, etc. (Not everyone can see machines as instantiations of ideas. Politicians have particular problems linking abstractions to atoms. Fortunately, those that can see machines as ideas can turn their ideas into machines.) I see two extrapolated futures. In one, the end result is restrictions on free speech in certain areas (e.g., crypto), for the benefit of national insecurity and the Children. In the other, the Law will have to allow you whatever posessions you like, and only punish *actions* after the fact. Given recent historical trends... ----------- Imagine biologists couldn't publish new enkephalin sequences because someone might put them into a programmable yeast and make unlicensed medicines..

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steganography detection hazard?
by Anonymous 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

Suppose you take your plaintext, encrypt it, then spread the bits across an image as the LSBs. The LSBs will, if you've used a decent cipher, have perfectly uniform distribution. The 'noise' LSBs in a chunk of *digitized* bits will show a *uniform* distribution. (As indeed will the cipher's blocks, or any bitchunk larger or smaller.) Therefore an entropy test (see Maurer) will discriminate between the two. Please prove me wrong. --Stegosaur

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passwords and hashes
by Alexander Kjeldaas 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

I'm looking into how passwords should be transferred into keys for the loopback filesystem in Linux. Currently, what happens is that you take the SHA or RIPEMD-160 hash of the password string and use that as a key. If the cipher only uses a 128-bit key, the last 32 bits of the hash is unused. I have some questions about this scheme: o In the case of a 128-bit cipher, do I lose any information by not using the last 32 bits of information? Should the last 32 bits be xored with the first 128 in order to not lose any info? o Is there any advantage to _not_ using a 256-bit hash function? (i.e - use a 128-bit hash for 128-bit ciphers). Currently there are lots of AES ciphers that don't get fed a 256-bit key because we only have a 160-bit hash. o Is there a good 256-bit hash function? I don't know of any other than snefru. In this application, speed doesn't matter much. Should I use a 256-bit cipher instead maybe? o Is it safe to always take the hash of the password, or is it better to use the password directly as the key if it is less than 16 characters for 128-bit cipher? astor -- Alexander Kjeldaas, Guardian Networks AS, Trondheim, Norway http://www.guardian.no/

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cfs' ecb+ofb mode vs. interleaved cbc mode
by Alexander Kjeldaas 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

For fast file-system crypto, you really want to implement the ciphers so that you encrypt several blocks at a time. CFS does this by using a special mode (described as ecb+ofb by schneier). The CFS documentation explains: "At attach time, CFS derives from the passphrase into two DES keys, K1 and K2. K1 is used to create two (or three) DES pseudorandom stream ciphers, each 128KB long, S1 and S2. To encrypt a file block, it is first XORd against a unique bitstream derived from the inode number of the file. The result is then XORd against S1 based on its offset in the file. This is then DES ECB encrypted with K2, and the result of that is XORd against the appropriate position in S2. The resulting ciphertext is what is stored. The cipher is reversed in the obvious manner. Filenames are similarly encrypted. There does not appear to be a feasible attack that allows an independent search for the two subkeys K1 and K2; in a brute-force known-plaintext attack, an attacker would have to try all 2**112 key combinations. Note that in the single DES mode, the two keys may be vulnerable to independent exhaustive search under a so-called "linear" attack, but this attack appears to require a large number of chosen plaintexts encrypted under the same inode number. Under most conditions where the attacker cannot introduce large numbers of chosen plaintexts, I believe even the single-DES CFS encryption to be very strong in practice. Note that this is not the same as a "proof". In any event, CFS is always at least as secure as DES or triple DES (as selected when the directory is created). If want high security, select triple DES (now the default); for better performance, use the hybrid single-DES option." I'd like to know how this method compares to using an interleaved cbc mode - for example 8-way interleaved cbc. The n-way interlaved cbc-mode works by chaining each n'th block together instead of each block. This means you get n more messages. For a 512-byte block and a 128-bit block length, this means that each message will be 512/(8*16) = 4 blocks long. For a 4k block you get messages that are 32 blocks long. This might or might not be a problem. With CFS you need 2x the key material - something that is really hard to get by when you're using 256-bit keys. It seems to me you'll have to type in an extremely long password or each of the keys will in practice be weaker than what the theory tells you. Another point is that CFS requires a lot more nonswappable memory than interleaved cbc mode. This means that interleaved cbc mode initially seems more attractive for file-system use. Am I missing something? astor -- Alexander Kjeldaas, Guardian Networks AS, Trondheim, Norway http://www.guardian.no/

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Nation's Biggest Jewish Singles Event: Dec. 24 @ Webster Hall
by theball＠matzah.cc 17 Dec '03

17 Dec '03

******************************************************************* If you would like to continue to receive e-mail notifications regarding UTOPIA's events for Jewish Singles, please let us know by sending us an e-mail at theball(a)matzah.cc. Please note that this is a one-time mailing only. if we do not hear from you, we will never e-mail you again and we thank you for your time. ******************************************************************** "A high-end event," "awash in cocktail dresses," "attended by Cosmopolitan's Bachelor of the Month" and "3,000 guests who schmoozed their way over three vast floors." -- New York Magazine "Not a creature stirs on Christmas Eve . . . but that's not at this annual party for the city's young and Jewish where some 3,000 people turned out to dance, romance and kick back last year." -- New York Daily News "By midnight the nightclub was alive" with "4,000 partygoers" at this "holiday alternative for Jewish urbanites on their single most silent night of the year." -- The New York Times ******************************************************************** The Nation's BIGGEST Event for Jewish Singles Each Year Since 1995! Thursday, December 24, 8 p.m.- 4 a.m. THE BALL '98 at WEBSTER HALL (125 E. 11th St., between 3rd and 4th Aves, NYC) ************************************************ 4 FLOORS, 4 DJs, 7 UNIQUE ROOMS, 3000+ EXPECTED Grand Ballroom, Live Trapeze, Martini Bar, Jazz Club, Cigar Lounge, Coffee Bar, Flashback Disco, Sports Bar, BlackHole Lounge, more! Please dress with style ************************************************************ Hi, we have sent you this e-mail because we thought you might have interest in "The Ball '98" -- the Nation's Largest Party for Jewish Singles in their 20's and 30's. "The Ball '98" is sponsored by UTOPIA Events. UTOPIA also sponsors the annual "Turkey Ball" on Thanksgiving Eve and other events for Jewish Singles. If you would like to continue to receive e-mail notifications regarding UTOPIA's events for Jewish Singles, please let us know by sending us an e-mail to theball(a)matzah.cc. Please note that this is a one-time mailing only. if we do not hear from you, we will never e-mail you again and we thank you for your time. THE BALL '98 THE NATION'S BIGGEST EVENT FOR JEWISH SINGLES! Our annual Ball is the nation's biggest event for Jewish Singles in their 20's and 30's. In 1995, over 3000 young Jewish singles attended the Ball when we held it at the Palladium. In 1996, over 3,500 attended at Webster Hall. Last year, over 4000 people attended this event when we held it at The Tunnel and the party was covered by The New York Post, The Daily News, The New York Times, and more. THE BALL '98 4 FLOORS 4 DJs, 7 UNIQUE ROOMS The Ball '98 offers something for everyone: GRAND BALLROOM: For the Ball '98, Webster Hall's Grand Ballroom will be the site of the Main Party -- the place to meet and mingle with thousands of young Jewish singles, featuring dance music from a legendary DJ. We will work to ensure that the atmosphere in the Grand Ballroom (and The Ball '98 generally) is conducive to meeting and mingling. THE MARTINI BAR & JAZZ CLUB: Make this your place for intimate conversation. TTHE TRAPEZE SHOW: At 11:45 p.m., a trapeze artist defies death and gravity high above the Grand Ballroom -- without a net! Not for the faint-hearted. AND THERE'S SO MUCH MORE TO EXPLORE: The Coffee Bar, The Sports Bar, the Cigar Lounge, The Flashback Disco featuring music from the 70's and 80's, the Black Hole Lounge, and more! FOUR ENTRANCES, HUGE COAT CHECK: So that you can quickly enter and enjoy the Nation's Largest Jewish Singles Event, we have made arrangements to use four entrances to Webster Hall and to expand Webster Hall's already large coat check. ADMISSION Admission to The Ball '98 is $20 in advance and $25 at the door (we have added more cashiers this year to make entry easy). For information on purchasing tickets in advance, please call Utopia at 212.459.4321 or e-mail us at theball(a)matzah.cc. QUESTIONS? If you have any questions about The Ball '98 or any other matter, please feel free to e-mail us (theball(a)matzah.cc) or call Utopia directly at 212.459.4321 Thanks and we look forward to seeing you on December 24 at Webster Hall for The Ball '98.

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