- cypherpunks - lists.cpunks.org

RPI develops 3-D-printed living skin with blood vessels included
by Razer 03 Nov '19

03 Nov '19

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute: "Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a way to 3-D print living skin, complete with blood vessels. The advancement, published online today in Tissue Engineering Part A, is a significant step toward creating grafts that are more like the skin our bodies produce naturally. "Right now, whatever is available as a clinical product is more like a fancy Band-Aid," said Pankaj Karande, an associate professor of chemical and biological engineering and member of the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), who led this research at Rensselaer. "It provides some accelerated wound healing, but eventually it just falls off; it never really integrates with the host cells." A significant barrier to that integration has been the absence of a functioning vascular system in the skin grafts. Karande has been working on this challenge for several years, previously publishing one of the first papers showing that researchers could take two types of living human cells, make them into "bio-inks," and print them into a skin-like structure. Since then, he and his team have been working with researchers from Yale School of Medicine to incorporate vasculature. In this paper, the researchers show that if they add key elements—including human endothelial cells, which line the inside of blood vessels, and human pericyte cells, which wrap around the endothelial cells—with animal collagen and other structural cells typically found in a skin graft, the cells start communicating and forming a biologically relevant vascular structure within the span of a few weeks. You can watch Karande explain this development here. "As engineers working to recreate biology, we've always appreciated and been aware of the fact that biology is far more complex than the simple systems we make in the lab," Karande said. "We were pleasantly surprised to find that, once we start approaching that complexity, biology takes over and starts getting closer and closer to what exists in nature." Once the Yale team grafted it onto a special type of mouse, the vessels from the skin printed by the Rensselaer team began to communicate and connect with the mouse's own vessels. "That's extremely important, because we know there is actually a transfer of blood and nutrients to the graft which is keeping the graft alive," Karande said. In order to make this usable at a clinical level, researchers need to be able to edit the donor cells using something like the CRISPR technology, so that the vessels can integrate and be accepted by the patient's body. "We are still not at that step, but we are one step closer," Karande said. "This significant development highlights the vast potential of 3-D bioprinting in precision medicine, where solutions can be tailored to specific situations and eventually to individuals," said Deepak Vashishth, the director CBIS. "This is a perfect example of how engineers at Rensselaer are solving challenges related to human health." Karande said more work will need to be done to address the challenges associated with burn patients, which include the loss of nerve and vascular endings. But the grafts his team has created bring researchers closer to helping people with more discrete issues, like diabetic or pressure ulcers. "For those patients, these would be perfect, because ulcers usually appear at distinct locations on the body and can be addressed with smaller pieces of skin," Karande said. "Wound healing typically takes longer in diabetic patients, and this could also help to accelerate that process." https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-11-skin-d-printed-blood-vessels.html Rr Sent from my Androgyne dee-vice with K-9 Mail

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Git falls - email keeps getting blocket - attempting from gmail web ui direct
by Zenaan Harkness 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

Ric, if you get this, please reply - my ISP kept giving me "Email ACCEPTED" and then sending it into a black hole it seems. Perhaps I used the word "sn0wfl4ke" too many times? cheers zen ----- Forwarded message from Zenaan Harkness <git-rev-news(a)freedbms.net> ----- From: Zenaan Harkness <git-rev-news(a)freedbms.net> To: CypherPunks <cypherpunks(a)lists.cpunks.org> Cc: wayward4now(a)gmail.com, andrewanglin84(a)gmail.com, rms(a)gnu.org, inspector_rikati(a)yahoo.com.au Date: Sun, 3 Nov 2019 10:15:18 +1100 Subject: Re: Git falls to the giant swinging CoCs! -- [gitrevnews(a)gmail.com: Git Rev News edition 56] Anyone know A Better Way for such emails as below? Email is broken in some ways it seems - the below email evidently had a few trip words or repetitions such that the ISP, despite its mail server saying to me "ACCEPTED" for each (of 5) recipient, has not sent the email through. No error, no warning, just "Email ACCEPTED" and then into a black hole! This is disappointing of course. And I guess if they (Telstra's SMTP server in this case) lower their SPAM scoring, then too much spam gets through and folks get annoyed - looks like this is a "broken" in email? Anyway, may be this one will similarly be black holed ... let's see... On Sun, Nov 03, 2019 at 09:50:16AM +1100, Zenaan Harkness wrote: > Those with limp and dodgy feelz, are inevitably compelled to seek > "safety" in numbers, introducing CoCs (code of conduct aka "community > stasi policing"), raging inflamed discussions, and censorship "safety > first" committees to make damnably sure their snow CoC is obeyed! > > Sadly, Git is the latest project to fall (see below). > > Perhaps we ought begin to consider anti-dotes to such snowflakery? > > > - separation of man and snowflake > > have the place (e.g. mailing list) for adults to get on with work > > have the snowflake hall, say snowflakes(a)$MY_PROJECT.$TLD > > > As we see recently with the FSF and Richard Stallman, those who > contribute over a long period of time, and have deceived the group by > successfully hiding their snowflakery and huge swinging CoC demands, > tend towards the public lynch mob, the coup, and the crucifixion of > good men, including the founder. > > > Such deception, where folks instead of finding or creating their own > space like a man, they simmer and seethe in anger, plotting their > evil for the day the leader takes a public hit from morons, are > deceivers and back stabbers, cowards of the first order. > > > - never surrender to terrorists > > name evil behaviour, and handle the evil behaviour first and > foremost, at all times, as the first evil, even in the face of > a lynch mob > > blackmail should be the first evil, the first "illegal" crime > punishable by severe punishments, even where the perpetrator of > the blackmail is a spook or deep CoC > > deception and hiding of snowflakery is a ground for dismissal - > sure, the flake might chuck an Amway retard programming spaz and > try to fuck over the group by "leave a big hole" (what do we > expect from CoCs anyway?) - but let's just be thankful for the > work they did do, and get on with being men - in the long run, > we'll be better off without that undermining shit! > > (for those who missed the memo, leave a big hole means "make my > pathetic self really valuable and then leave a huge hole in the > group by leaving" - well, men don't give a firetruck, we learn > the lesson of the CoC and move on, filling that hole, spoon by > bloody spoon if we have to!) > > > - always immediately (or as soon as possible) name a terrorist act > > e.g. > the Koch brothers come to your Think Pad Update Services > Association (TP-USA) offering "a million fiats for your CoC" > > make immediate public announcement "Koch brothers seek CoC, > attempt to corrupt men@list with limp fiats and demanding > censorship" > > e.g. > snowflake seeks to censor men@list with large swinging CoC, > even though snowflakes@list is offered and actively CoCing > around > > make public announcement "apparently snowflakes like CoC so > bad, they seek to ram CoC in face of men@list" > > > Yes, we should (probably, presumably, duty of care etc) > > - make an up front, open and honest declaration of intent for the > men@list list > > "are you a man or a f*#!& meme, if the former you may join the > primary list, if anything else, join the snowflakes and/ or seek > a mentor willing to personally tutor you; > if reading this message was overly stressful to your feelz, get > some firetrucking help already!" > > if your project is so fortunate as to have at least one > contributor who is willing to be on both the men@list list, and > the snowjobs@list, all the better - in fact there are plenty of > mediator types out there, so it's usually only a very short > matter of time before a White Knight steps up to vigorously seize > the CoC obeying kudos creds on the snowjobs list > > > Make such declarations so folks know what they're getting into from > the get go. > > After that, it's open season muffas :D > > "Oh PLEASE muh little snowflake, pleease step into the ring! > > Yes my precious, you know you wanna be a man, so join, don't > hesitate, join the list of men and leave your tissues outside. > " > > > Of course, if everyone, or everyone of any authority in a project, is > a censorship craving CoC nut, and you happen to be a man, or at least > a man in training, we suggest you join another project, or start yer > own, such as NoMoreAnalCommittees(a)for.men.only > > > Hopefully there are further decisive CoC-flake slaying ideas and > approaches out there - experiment and report back, so we can share > the winning to all men of good character and high ideals. > > > Peace, > > > > ----- Forwarded message from Git Rev News Team <gitrevnews(a)gmail.com> ----- > > From: Git Rev News Team <gitrevnews(a)gmail.com> > To: git-rev-news(a)freedbms.net > Date: Sat, 2 Nov 2019 19:38:22 +0000 > Subject: Git Rev News edition 56 > List-ID: 318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757mc list <318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757.118053.list-id.mcsv.net> > > > > View this email in your browser (https://mailchi.mp/5e0c777b9b30/git-rev-news-edition-56?e=2778fe651d) > > > ** Git Rev News: Edition 56 (October 26th, 2019) > ------------------------------------------------------------ > > Welcome to the 56th edition of Git Rev News (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , a digest of all things Git. For our goals, the archives, the way we work, and how to contribute or to subscribe, see the Git Rev News page (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) on git.github.io. > > This edition covers what happened during the month of September 2019. > > > ** Discussions > ------------------------------------------------------------ > > > ** General > ------------------------------------------------------------ > * Growing the Git community (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > Derrick Stolee, who prefers to be called Stolee, emailed the mailing list after the Virtual Contributor Summit (see previous edition (/rev_news/2019/09/25/edition-55/#general) ) saying he wanted to further discuss some ideas, that had been shared during the Summit, about “Inclusion & Diversity” with the goal of making the community more welcoming to new contributors of all kinds. > He listed some possible problems that could prevent new contributors entering the community: > 1. Discovering how to contribute to Git is non-obvious. > 2. Submitting to a mailing list is a new experience for most developers. This includes the full review and discussion process. > 3. The high standards for patch quality are intimidating to new contributors. > 4. Some people do not feel comfortable engaging in a community without a clear Code of Conduct. This discomfort is significant and based on real experiences throughout society. > 5. Since Git development happens in a different place than where users acquire the end product, some are not aware that they can contribute. > Then Stolee proposed actions to address the problems: > 1. Improve the documentation for contributing to Git. > 2. Add more pointers to GitGitGadget. > 3. Introduce a new “mentors” mailing list. > 4. Add an official Code of Conduct. > 5. Advertise that Git wants new contributors. > Each action was explained and justified, sometimes pointing to interesting research like the recent paper "”We Don’t Do That Here”: How Collaborative Editing With Mentors Improves Engagement in Social Q&A Communities” (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) . > Stolee also proposed some metrics to be measured between releases to monitor how the community are doing: > 1. How many first-time contributors sent a patch? > 2. How many contributors had their first commit accepted into the release? > 3. How many contributors started reviewing? > 4. How many total patches/reviews did the list receive? > His email was very detailed with many suggestions about how to implement the actions, and he asked interesting questions to gather peoples’ opinion. > Denton Liu replied to Stolee sharing some thoughts as a “relatively new contributor (just less than a year)”. He said that from his experience to get more contributors, we should try to answer the “how do we make it more fun to contribute to Git?” question. > He recalled that most of his time learning to contribute to Git “stemmed from the fact that there’s a lot of tribal knowledge that’s not really written down anywhere”. > As Stolee had mentioned the “My First Contribution” document (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , which was recently contributed by Emily Shaffer, Denton said that it would have really helped him get started. > Denton also suggested improving transparency about what happens to patches sent to the mailing list. > Mike Hommey replied to Stolee suggesting an additional problem which is that newcomers don’t really have any idea what they could contribute. > Johannes Schindelin, alias Dscho, replied to Mike that newcomers need experienced developers to validate the ideas they would like to implement in Git, before they can be confident enough to work on them. And they also need to be shown ideas they could implement. Dscho then talked about the GitGitGadget issue list (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) which is open and “intended to accumulate possible project ideas”. Dscho also acknowledged the Chromium Git issue list (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) which is another issue tracker with a similar purpose. > Replying to Stolee, Jeff King, alias Peff, who is responsible for the main Git web site (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , suggested improving the community page (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) to add more information for beginners. He said he was open to accepting patches or pull requests (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) . > Elijah Newren mostly agreed with Stolee’s email, but suggested a less strongly worded tone when talking about goals and existing problems. > Junio Hamano, the Git maintainer, replied to Stolee about the goal of the project and the metrics that we could use with the following: > > We first should make sure that we serve existing users and existing community members well. So well that other people who are not yet our “existing” users and members would want to become part of us, in order to join the fun and share the benefit. If we cannot serve even the existing members well, we shouldn’t be talking about acquiring new members. > He then proposed to measure “community-member happiness” with metrics like “This many percent of total community member population have been active this month”. > The discussion involved a number of other Git developers like Jakub Narębski, Emily Shaffer, Garima Singh, Pierre Tardy, Philip Oakley and Randall S. Becker. > A number of people commented especially on the subject of adding an official Code of Conduct, which will be reported on in a separate article below. > Otherwise it remains to be seen if many actions will be taken to make the project more welcoming to new contributors. > * [PATCH] add a Code of Conduct document (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > Following the Virtual Contributor Summit (see previous edition (/rev_news/2019/09/25/edition-55/#general) ) and the discussions about growing the Git community (see the article above), Jeff King, alias Peff, decided to send a patch to add a code of conduct. > In his patch he says that “it may be a good time to cement our expectations when things are quiet, since it gives everybody some distance rather than focusing on a current contentious issue”. Many people indeed agreed in the previous discussions with that point of view, and the idea of a Code of Conduct in the first place. > Peff says that his patch adapts the Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct from https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757… and that “it’s also the same document used by the Git for Windows project”. > One of the changes is that for dealing with community issues, the document spreads the responsibility to the Project Leadership Committee (git(a)sfconservancy.org) instead of the only maintainer, Junio C Hamano. > Peff also mentioned a commit (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by Michael Haggerty from June 2013 that he found in a previous discussion and that has nice set of guidelines about how to review code. > A number of the replies were about the Project Leadership Committee as it’s not easy to know who is part of it. This was acknowledged by Peff who sent a follow-up patch (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) to address the issue by listing the Project Leadership Committee members with their email addresses and by saying that they can also be contacted individually. > Even though there was some disagreement, in general most of the people taking part in the discussion agreed with Peff’s patches. Junio later sent a follow-up email (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) with the subject “Raise your hand to Ack jk/code-of-conduct if your Ack fell thru cracks” to get more developers to formally agree with the final patch, which then several did. > The commit adding the Code of Conduct has since been merged into the master branch. > > > ** Releases > ------------------------------------------------------------ > * Git 2.24.0-rc0 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > * Git for Windows 2.24.0-rc0 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > * GitHub Enterprise 2.18.4 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.17.10 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.16.19 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.15.24 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.18.3 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.17.9 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.16.18 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.15.23 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > * GitLab 12.4 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 12.3.5, 12.2.8, and 12.1.14 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 12.3.4 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 12.3.3, 12.2.7, and 12.1.13 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 12.3.2, 12.2.6, and 12.1.12 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 12.3.1 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 12.3 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > * Bitbucket Server 6.7 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > * Gerrit Code Review 3.0.3 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > * GitKraken 6.3.0 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 6.2.1 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > * GitHub Desktop 2.2.1 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) , 2.2.0 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > > > ** Other News > ------------------------------------------------------------ > > Various > * A new maintainer for Git-Gui, Pratyush Yadav (@prati0100), came forward (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) . Let’s praise and thank him for volunteering. > * The Gerrit User Summit 2019 is going to be broadcasted on live.gerritforge.com (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) and will include talks about JGit and Gerrit Code Review, including major members of the Git Community, like Jonathan Nieder and Terry Parker. > > Light reading > * Commit graph drawing algorithms (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by pvigier (Pierre Vigier), describes algorithms used by various tools including one in pvigier’s prototype git client called gitamine (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) . > * Git Pathspecs and How to Use Them (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by Adam Giese. > * GitHub Actions, the missing notes: CMake, Qt and IFW (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by Michele ‘skypjack’ Caini, shows how he uses GitHub Actions (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) in his project. (GitHub Actions, still in public beta, were first covered in Git Rev News #44 (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) ) > * An Unintentionally Comprehensive Introduction to GitHub Actions CI (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by Tierney Cyren – with example of an application build on top of Node.js. > * Scheduling Jekyll posts with Netlify and GitHub Actions (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by Nicholas C. Zakas on his Human Who Codes blog: using a GitHub Action cron job to schedule Netlify builds for static site generated blog posts (which was previously done using Netlify and AWS Lambda (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) ). > * “git request-pull” and confusing diffstats [LWN.net] (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by Jonathan Corbet talks about what to do if the history to be pulled includes merges from outside (e.g. to obtain the dependencies for a fix), and why it happens. > * How Bash completion works (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) and Adding Bash completion to my tool (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) by Chris Patuzzo; Git’s Bash completion can be found in contrib/completion/git-completion.bash (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) . > > Git tools and sites > * Gollum (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) is a simple, Git-powered wiki written in Ruby with a sweet API and local frontend. > * git_examples.sh (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/track/click?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) – 99% of the Git commands you’ll need at work, demonstrated in a single script. > > > ** Credits > ------------------------------------------------------------ > > This edition of Git Rev News was curated by Christian Couder , Jakub Narębski , Markus Jansen and Gabriel Alcaras with help from Emily Shaffer, Luca Milanesio and George Espinoza. > > ============================================================ > You are receiving this email because you signed up to receive the Git Rev News newsletter. > > Our mailing address is: > Software Freedom Conservancy - Git Project > 137 Montague ST STE 380 > New York, NY 11201 > USA > ** unsubscribe from this list (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/unsubscribe?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757…) > ** update subscription preferences (https://github.us10.list-manage.com/profile?u=318f078aaef2e75d94c2bf757&id=…) > Email Marketing Powered by Mailchimp > http://www.mailchimp.com/monkey-rewards/?utm_source=freemium_newsletter&utm… > > ----- End forwarded message ----- ----- End forwarded message -----

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How a months-old AMD microcode bug destroyed my weekend [UPDATED]
by coderman 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

[Stylized image of spiders creeping across screen covered with code.][Enlarge](https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/bugs… / Ryzen 3000's RDRAND function—what should be a high-quality pseudo-random number generator—just returns 0xFFFFFFFFF every time, until its microcode is patched. This weekend, I was excited to deploy my first Ryzen 3000-powered workstation in my home office. Unfortunately, a microcode bug—originally discovered in July but still floating around in large numbers in the wild—wrecked my good time. I eventually got my Ryzen 3700X system working, and it's definitely fast. But unfortunately, it's still bugged, and there's no easy way to fix it. Not long after the product launch, AMD Ryzen 3000 customers started noticing problems with their shiny new CPUs. Windows users couldn't successfully launch Destiny 2 (due to a power-management bug, unrelated to the one sidelining my system), and Linux users in many cases couldn't even get their system to boot. Jason Evangelho [covered](https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2019/07/12/amd-motherb… the initial discovery and report of the bug at Forbes back in July, and an AMD representative provided him with a statement by email: > AMD has identified the root cause and implemented a BIOS fix for an issue impacting the ability to run certain Linux distributions and Destiny 2 on Ryzen 3000 processors. We have distributed an updated BIOS to our motherboard partners, and we expect consumers to have access to the new BIOS over the coming days. This sounds happy and upbeat, but the reality isn't quite so simple. When there's a bug in the CPU microcode, you're at the mercy of your motherboard vendor to release a new system BIOS that will update it for you—you can't just go to some download link at AMD and apply a fix yourself. AMD responded to the bug in July. As far as I can tell, AMD did so only by direct email response; there's no press release about it—and the company's response made it sound like everything would be fixed in a week or two. I have the unfortunate duty of reporting to you, three months later, that it is not. What’s an RDRAND? The microcode bug in question is a faulty response to the RDRAND instruction. Modern x86_64 CPUs—beginning with Intel's Broadwell and AMD's Zen architectures—are supposed to have high-quality onboard random number generators (RNGs), which use thermal "noise" to very rapidly offer high-entropy pseudorandom numbers to anybody with kernel-level access who wants it. [RDRAND](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RdRand) is, in turn, the instruction that provides these random numbers. All of this is supposed to be fairly failsafe. There's a CPUID function call that checks for the availability of RDRAND, and there's also a "carry bit" in the return value from a call to RDRAND that's supposed to let the calling application know if the CPU's RNG was unable to generate a sufficiently random number. Unfortunately, unpatched Ryzen 3000 says "yes" to the CPUID 01H call, sets the carry bit indicating it has successfully created the most artisanal, organic high-quality random number possible... and gives you a 0xFFFFFFFF for the "random" number, every single time. Obvious RDRAND bug impacts When the RDRAND bug in Ryzen 3000 first surfaced back in June, Linux users widely reported that their entire Ryzen 3000-powered systems wouldn't boot. The failure to boot was due to systemd's use of RDRAND—and it wasn't systemd's first clash with AMD and a buggy random-number generator, unfortunately. A much earlier bug in older CPUs caused some AMD systems to stop generating properly "random" numbers after resuming from suspend. The new bug caused Ryzen 3000 users to never get any proper random numbers at all. Both problems caused lockups in Linux operating systems using systemd, so in May systemd committed a [patch](https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/b62bc66018fa1ada09554e7ee4… that falls back to using alternate RNG sources if systemd receives the characteristic 0xFFFFFFFF back from the RNG. (This kinda sucks, because 0xFFFFFFFF is technically a perfectly valid random number—the implication here is that, after a sufficient length of time, systemd will decide any system has a buggy RNG when it eventually receives the "bad" number, even if it has never seen that number before.) Systemd's patch is ugly, but it certainly works well enough to allow systems to boot. Unfortunately, it doesn't fix the actual problem, which is that the CPU's random number generator is no more "random" than a two-headed penny. On my own system, I spent my entire weekend chasing phantom problems, first suspecting the system's brand-new RX 590 graphics card and (necessarily) updating distro and kernel versions before haring off from there. [My shiny new system kept barfing these nasty BUG: soft lockup<br /> —PU#n stuck for 22s errors, which would rapidly lock the whole system up. This call trace from /var/log/syslog didn't tell me the actual problem, but it was the first clue.](https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/calltrace.png… / My shiny new system kept barfing these nasty BUG: soft lockup —PU#n stuck for 22s errors, which would rapidly lock the whole system up. This call trace from /var/log/syslog didn't tell me the actual problem, but it was the first clue. Jim Salter Eventually, after many false trails and much swearing, coffee, and less-respectable beverages, I actually read the call trace from my frequent CPU lockups—and "WireGuard" was right there, in every one of them. As it turns out, WireGuard relies on RDRAND (when available) to generate new session IDs. The session IDs need to be unique, and WireGuard wants them not to be simple consecutive integers, so it pulls a pseudorandom value from RDRAND, compares it against its existing session ID list to make sure there's no collision, then assigns it to the session. Read that last part again carefully—it makes sure there's no collision first. If an existing session has the same ID as the new number, WireGuard asks RDRAND for another "random" number, checks it for uniqueness, and so on. Since RDRAND on my system—and any non-microcode-updated Ryzen 3000 system—always returned 0xFFFFFFFF no matter what, that means infinite loop. Infinite loops in kernel code are bad; they introduce you to the value of the hardware reset button in a hurry. I want to be very clear here, this is not a WireGuard bug! WireGuard correctly checks to see if RDRAND is available, fetches a value if it is, and correctly checks to see if the carry bit is set. Then it indicates that, not only is there a value, it's a properly random one. Nevertheless, it's a problem that will lock up affected systems hard. A modern system needs high-quality pseudo-random numbers for lots of tasks, and the security implications of "random" meaning "always return0xFFFFFFFF" are difficult to predict. One obvious candidate is Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR). Both [Windows](http://blog.ptsecurity.com/2012/12/windows-8-aslr-internals.html) and [Linux](https://lwn.net/Articles/569635/) use RDRAND as at least part of the randomness used to make sure code is never loaded in the same order twice, which mitigates against [stack-smashing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_buffer_overflow) attacks. Fixing the problem—or at least recognizing it As AMD's representatives told reporters back in July, the real fix comes from applying BIOS updates to your motherboard and hoping that the BIOS update also includes the microcode patch for the CPU itself. When I checked my own BIOS using the dmidecode utility, I saw a date of August 12, 2019. But when I looked at Asus' download page for my motherboard, I saw downloads dated in September! Hurray! So I downloaded the BIOS update, saved it to a FAT32 thumb drive, rebooted my system, and went into setup. Unfortunately, after successfully applying the update and rebooting again, I realized my error—yes, Asus showed a later date for the BIOS, but the actual version was the same as the one I already had—3.2.0. My CPU still thought 0xFFFFFFFF was the randomest number ever, always, no matter what. At this point, I began to get paranoid—systemd had already quietly worked around the bug. But with most applications just quietly ignoring the problem, how would I know if it ever had been patched? What if two years later, I was still vulnerable to stack-smashing that I shouldn't have been, due to ASLR that wasn't actually randomizing? I discovered that I could use the linux utility hexdump against the kernel device /dev/hwrng to demonstrate that I had the problem. Unfortunately, the WireGuard project's Jason Donenfeld warned me that /dev/hwrng could, on some systems, derive its randomness from other sources—so while seeing a bunch of FF from it demonstrates that you have the problem, seeing valid pseudorandom data doesn't necessarily demonstrate that you don't. So he generously whipped up a couple of test utilities for the purpose that safely access RDRAND directly. If you're a Linux user, you can download [rdrand-test.zip](https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/rdr…, unzip it, and run it directly in the folder that you unzipped it in. ./amd-rdrandbug will tell you in plain English whether you have this specific bug, and ./test-rdrand will output 20 test RDRAND fetches. So you can confirm for yourself that you're not vulnerable to similar bugs either—if running ./test-rdrand produces the same set of values every time, it doesn't really matter whether they "look random," your RNG is broken! If you're a Windows user, you have a little more work ahead of you. First, [download](https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop) an Ubuntu desktop installer, then create an Ubuntu installer thumb drive. Then you can boot into the Ubuntu thumb drive's live environment (click "Try Ubuntu") and download and run the tests from there: you@ubuntu-live:~$ wget https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/rdrand-test.zip you@ubuntu-live:~$ unzip rdrand-test.zip you@ubuntu-live:~$ cd rdrand-test you@ubuntu-live:~$ ./amd-rdrand.bug [In a sufficiently broad dataset, 20 consecutive 0xFFFFFFFF returns might be considered a valid "random" grouping. This is not a sufficiently broad dataset.](https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/rdrand-fai… / In a sufficiently broad dataset, 20 consecutive 0xFFFFFFFF returns might be considered a valid "random" grouping. This is not a sufficiently broad dataset. Jim Salter Conclusions A broken random-number generator is a very serious bug, and it's troubling that more hasn't been said or done about this issue by AMD in the last three months. Ryzen 3000 is a great CPU platform in general, and I've been very impressed with the new system... except for spending an entire frustrated weekend troubleshooting it, being uneasy about the impact this will have on my overall system security, and having no idea when I can expect to be able to actually fix it. I reached out to AMD representatives earlier today, and they've responded with questions about my hardware but no solutions yet. I'll update this article with any fixes or recommendations as they arrive. Update: When I reached out to AMD for comment, a representative inquired about the make and model of my motherboard (Asrock Rack X470D4U) and the representative reached out in turn to Asrock. Asrock's team offered a custom BIOS available with the appropriate microcode fix; I respectfully declined to flash a one-off BIOS for me and me only, but the better news is that Asrock told AMD that the BIOS update should be publicly available in mid-November. (It is worth noting that some motherboards do already have BIOS updates available which do include the microcode fixes. Why the Asrock Rack X470D4U wasn't one of them is anybody's guess.) Readers in comments have suggested workarounds and mitigations in the meantime. The first was to pass nordrand as an argument to GRUB when booting. That doesn't fix the issue; it tells the kernel not to use the RDRAND instruction, but that doesn't have any impact on the advertised availability of the instruction in general. It's still exposed to the system, and any code that checks for the availability of RDRAND via CPUID is still going to see it there, and will still be able to use it directly. This is also the case with the similar random.trust_cpu Linux boot option. Neither of these workarounds actually disables RDRAND, so neither actually fixes the issue. Readers also suggested that if the amd64-microcode package were installed, it would fix the issue. This, too, is not the case; the amd64-microcode and intel-microcode packages are both installed by default on all Ubuntu 19.10 systems, including the one I'm experiencing the RDRAND failure on. I contacted AMD and asked representatives to check the status of that package and see if anything needs to (or can) be done about updating it. https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/10/how-a-months-old-amd-microcode-bug-…

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Interesting request for Cypherpunks posts, limited to period of 1999-through July 2013.
by jim bell 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

https://cryptoanarchy.wiki/blog/2018/07/05/the-cypherpunks-mailing-list-arc… Tom, I ask that you increase this request for postings on the Cypherpunks list to include the full 1995 period. I have just discovered a very mysterious omission of many postings during various periods in 1995, and simultaneously a similarly mysterious 'coincidence' that virtually all postings naming me "Jim Bell" and "assassination politics" (except for a very few dated November and December 1995) are simply missing, when there should certainly be hundreds present, if not much more.Also, I ask for your assistance to try to determine the pattern of missing postings, to determine if they include text other than "Jim Bell" or "assassination pollitics". (Often, even usually, abbreviated to "AP"). See this, too, which may be the major source for the CP archive you currently handle. http://cypherpunks.venona.com/raw/ At least, this seems to have some of the very same omissions, "jim bell" and "cypherpunks". I have also discovered an additional clue. The name of my essay, "Assassination Politics", was mercifically and quickly shortened to 'AP' rather quickly, for obvious reasons. (Although, as the author, I think I tended to be persistent at spelling the whole thing out, DAMMIT!!!.) However, searching the venona file for 1995 does not seem to include such 'AP' references, although I scanned pages of search results. But in at nearly fifteen(15) instances, I saw references to a bigger string, 'ap story', meaning a story out of the Associated Press. (it might have been a bit less.) And, of course, the string 'ap' appears in words like "cryptogrAPic". and there was one reference to 'killer ap', presumably misspelled from the more usual 'killer app'. And there was a Sept 28 posting from Duncan Frissell, that said in relevant part: "are provided by the Associated Press and United Press International (which may soon merge with AP or go under), The NewYork Times-Washington Post wire services, and several foreign wire ser- vices like Reuters." If someone had simply decided to go through every message and remove that message if the string 'ap' appears, hundreds of messages I now see would be gone. 'cryptographic' would die a quick death. "Self-appointed" would be gone. "Wiretap" would be erased. "Paper" would die. But as John Belushi famously said, "But NOOOOO!" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Q4JfaHjAng (Note to the younger ones out there: John Belushi made up one of the first groups of comedians on Saturday Night Live. He was also in the movies "Animal House" and "Blues Brothers". He famously died when some woman gave him a "speedball" injection when he was unconscious, with unfortunate results.)And if someone had limited this erasure to messages that have the string '_ap_', where the underscore stands in for a space, then why did nearly 15 ap references to the Associated Press stay in the archive?I think we have an increasingly big mystery here. Or maybe it's really no mystery at all. It appears, therefore, that an "intelligence" removed all 'ap', meaning assassination politics, but spared 'ap', meaning Associated Press, or 'killer ap', etc, So, this wasn't simple, blind work with a search-and-replace function. It was very deliberately done.--------------------- You might also look at, and post, the number of messages per month that you have, for each month in 1995. News of my "assassination politics" essay may have first appeared in March 1995, and discussion of it would have been extremely heavy during and after that month, but if all those postings were mysteriously removed, the number of non-assassination-politics postings that remain might be far less than usual. If you want to see postings of that nature "in the wild", take a look at the 1996 CP archive, which still seems to have thousands of them. (at least, under the name "AP", and some under the name assassination politics.) I love a mystery. Jim Bell If you have any cypherpunks mailing list posts which do not appear in our archvies then please send them to me, no matter how incomplete the collection. All posts between 1999 and July 2013 should be sent. | | | | cryptoanarchy.wiki - Cypherpunks Mailing List Archive Arise, you have nothing to lose but your barbed wire fences! | | | You can contact me via: - Twitter: @_CryptoAnarchy (DMs are open) - Email: tom(a)busby.ninja - Github Issue: cryptoanarchywiki/cryptoanarchywiki.github.io Update: A user going by “juan” on the current cypherpunks mailing list replied to my appeal with a (seemingly) quite complete archive of the period of 2000 to 2016. The raw archive of this data can be found here: cryptoanarchywiki/2000-to-2016-raw-cypherpunks-archive.

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Digital Liberty by Bill Frezza, aka DigitaLiberty
by grarpamp 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/10652/1995_Winter.pdf Digital Liberty by Bill Frezza From: email list server To: cpsr-announce(a)Sunnyside.COM Date: Tue, 6 Dec 1994 18:38:13 -0800 Subject: DigitaLiberty Friends of Liberty, It is becoming increasingly apparent that the arrival of cyberspace is destined to engender a fundamental discontinuity in the course of human relations. This is a source of great optimism and opportunity for those of us who believe in freedom. Many of you who participate in the lively debates that take place in these forums have seen a number of activist organizations spring up claiming to represent the cause of freedom. And if you are like me you have cheered these groups on only to watch them get bogged down in a quagmire of realpolitics. It is a sad fact that the beast in Washington has evolved into a self- perpetuating engine expert at co-opting the principles of even the most ardent reformers. Slowly but surely all those who engage the system are ultimately absorbed into the mainstream miasma of majoritarianism. For example, what can be more discouraging than watching an organization that started out as a cyber-civil liberties group shift its focus to creating new forms of government entitlements while endorsing intrusive wiretap legislation because they didn't want to jeopardize their influence and prestige amongst the Washington power elite? Some of us believe we can seek ultimate redress at the polls. Many pundits have declared our recent national elections a watershed in politics, a turning point that represents the high water mark of big government. Nonsense. The names have changed, the chairs have been rearranged, but the game remains the same. The so-called "choices" we are presented with are false, hardly better than the mock one-party elections held by failed totalitarian regimes. There must be a better way. I would like to announce the formation of a new group - DigitaLiberty - that has chosen a different path. We intend to bypass the existing political process. We reject consensus building based on the calculus of compromise. Instead we plan to leave the past behind, much as our pioneering forefathers did when they set out to settle new lands. It is our mission to create the basis for a different kind of society. If you would like to join us I invite you to read the information below. Yours in freedom, Bill Frezza Co-founder, DigitaLiberty December 6, 1994 What is DigitaLiberty? DigitaLiberty is an advocacy group dedicated to the principled defense of freedom in cyberspace. We intend to conduct this defense not by engaging in traditional power politics but by setting an active, persuasive example - creating tangible opportunities for others to join us as we construct new global communities. We believe deeply in free markets and free minds and are convinced that we can construct a domain in which the uncoerced choices of individuals supplant the social compact politics of the tyranny of the majority. Is DigitaLiberty a political party or a lobbying group? Neither. DigitaLiberty does not seek to educate or influence politicians in the hope of obtaining legislation favorable to our constituents. We plan to make politicians and legislators irrelevant to the future of network based commerce, education, leisure, and social intercourse. DigitaLiberty does not seek to persuade a majority of the electorate to adopt views which can then be forced upon the minority. We hope to make majoritarianism irrelevant. We invite only like minded individuals to help us build the future according to our uncompromised shared values. What do you hope to accomplish? DigitaLiberty is not hopeful that widespread freedom will come to the physical world, at least not in our lifetime. Too many constituencies depend upon the largess and redistributive power of national governments and therefore oppose freedom and the individual responsibility it entails. But we do believe that liberty can and will prevail in the virtual domains we are building on the net and that national governments will be powerless to stop us. We believe that cyberspace will transcend national borders, national cultures, and national economies. We believe that no one will hold sovereignty over this new realm because coercive force is impotent in cyberspace. In keeping with the self-organizing nature of on-line societies we believe we will chose to invent new institutions to serve our varied economic and social purposes. DigitaLiberty intends to be in the forefront of the discovery and construction of these institutions. But what about the construction of the "Information Superhighway"? The fabric of cyberspace is rapidly being built by all manner of entities espousing the full range of political and economic philosophies. While political activity can certainly accelerate or retard the growth of the net in various places and times it cannot stop it nor can it effectively control how the net will be used. Our focus is not on the institutions that can and will impact the building of the physical "information highway" but on those that will shape life on the net as an ever increasing portion of our productive activities move there. What makes you think cyberspace will be so different? The United States of America was the only country in history ever to be built upon an idea. Unfortunately, this idea was lost as we slowly traded away our liberties in exchange for the false promise of security. DigitaLiberty believes that technology can set us free. The economies of the developed world are now making a major transition from an industrial base to an information base. As they do, the science of cryptology will finally and forever guarantee the unbreachable right of privacy, protecting individuals, groups, and corporations from the prying eyes and grasping hands of sovereigns. We will all be free to conduct our lives, and most importantly our economic relations, as we each see fit. Cyberspace is also infinitely extensible. There will be no brutal competition for lebensraum. Multiple virtual communities can exist side by side and without destructive conflict, each organized according to the principles of their members. We seek only to build one such community, a community based on individual liberty. Others are free to build communities based on other principles, even diametrically opposed principles. But they must do so without our coerced assistance. Effective communities will thrive and grow. Dysfunctional communities will wither and die. And for the first time in human history, rapacious societies will no longer have the power to make war on their neighbors nor can bankrupt communities take their neighbors down with them. What does this have to do with my real life? I can't eat data. I don't live in a computer. Yes, but imagine the ultimate impact of mankind's transition from an agrarian economy to an industrial economy to an information economy. Our founding fathers would have consider anyone insane who predicted that a nation of 250 million could feed itself with fewer than 3% of its citizens involved in agriculture. Similarly, economist and politicians trapped in the policies of the past lament our move from a manufacturing economy to a knowledge worker and service based economy. We see this as a cause to rejoice. The day will come when fewer than 5% of the citizens of a nation of 1 billion will be involved in manufacturing - if we still bother calling geographically defined entities "nations". What will the rest of us be doing? We will be providing each other with an exploding array of services and we will be creating, consuming, and exchanging information. Most of this will occur entirely within or be mediated at least in part by our activities in cyberspace. Many of us will earn a very good living on the net. Our race, our religion, our gender, our age, our physical appearance and limitations will all be irrelevant and undetectable. Hard working individuals from underdeveloped nations who in the past might have been forced to emigrate in search of economic freedom and opportunity can now build productive lives in cyberspace. And much if not all of the wealth we create that we do not transform into visible physical assets will be ours to keep and use, beyond the grasp of sovereigns. What is the purpose of this forum? The DigitaLiberty Forum is a place where like minded individuals can share their views, observations, and strategies related to the development of virtual communities based on freedom. It is a place where people can exchange information and advice about how they have developed extra-territorial business and social relationships - away from the influence and outside the jurisdiction of governments. It is a forum for the posting of essays, questions, and ideas on the topic of liberty. It is a place where we can meet and debate the forms that our new institutions might take and discuss the practical problems and responsibilities that freedom entail. In time as our technology matures some of us will move on to more ambitious projects, launch other programs, and begin our virtual migration from the swamp of coerced collectivism. Best of all, there will be no need to physically move to 'Galt's Gulch' or escape to a floating 'Freedonia'. We can all participate in this exodus without hastily quitting our jobs or disrupting our lives. And as a larger and larger portion of our economic and social activities move onto the net we will create a new society, open to all with the will to enter. This new world will be interleaved with the physical world in which we now live and yet will be separate. And free. Join us as we begin the journey. Who can join DigitaLiberty? The DigitaLiberty Forum is open to anyone that can honestly answer yes to the following two questions: 1. I renounce the use of coercive force as a tool of social or economic policy. 2. I do not derive the majority of my income from funds taken from taxpayers. How do I join DigitaLiberty? If you qualify, send a message to DigitaLiberty-request(a)phantom.com with the words "SUBSCRIBE" in the subject line and the message body as follows SUBSCRIBE DigitaLiberty And welcome to the future.

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Do you serfs feel happier?
by Steven Schear 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

https://twitter.com/FGMR/status/1190338706080747520?s=20

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On another note...
by \0xDynamite 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

Here's a cool site, which will allow you to experiment with different ciphers and see them encode and decrypt with an plug-and-play javascrim interface: http://cryptii.com

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The ongoing criminlization of attraction to fertility - [PEACE]
by Zenaan Harkness 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

"The official stance is that women shouldn’t be chaste, but they shouldn’t have sex with or marry older men (or any men at all, for that matter) because of some convoluted “power dynamic” that is somehow not an issue with men of the same age despite men being biologically stronger and smarter." Ladies, you are encouraged to do the politically correct thang, and ride that cock carousel hard, baby! Get all used up, get a career, buy all tha things and be a happy, cock hungry consumer! You might crash and burn in your mid 30s, but HEY! Don't you listen to that shit - you gotta have fun, life is all and only about the maximum personal pleasure you can personally achieve - more money, more sex, is more fun, is more satisfaction, is the primary pursuit you are encouraged to pursue. Do NOT consider family, fertility, long term relationships, children or any other of those old fashioned ideas! Obese Old Hag Wants to Prevent People Younger Than 18 from Marrying http://dstormer6em3i4km.onion/obese-old-hag-wants-to-prevent-people-younger…

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[WAR] a turning point? Brzezinski, Mastermind of US Hegemony, Says Abandon Imperial Pipe Dreams
by Zenaan Harkness 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

This looks highly significant to me - public statement of defeat of US "world hegemony" regime, by Brzezinsky, very arguably "the US regime's architect". ** Even Brzezinski, Mastermind of US Hegemony, Says Abandon Imperial Pipe Dreams (http://russia-insider.us9.list-manage.com/track/click?u=fa2faf7034c3c3c413c…) ------------------------------------------------------------ by Mike Whitney on Wed, Aug 31, 2016 The original title of this article was: The Broken Chessboard: Brezinski Gives up on EmpireThe main architect of Washington’s plan to rule the world has abandoned the scheme and called for the forging of ties with Russia and China. Read more » (http://russia-insider.us9.list-manage.com/track/click?u=fa2faf7034c3c3c413c…)

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[zen@freedbms.net: Re: [WAR] ...]
by Zenaan Harkness 02 Nov '19

02 Nov '19

----- Forwarded message from Zenaan Harkness <zen(a)freedbms.net> ----- From: Zenaan Harkness <zen(a)freedbms.net> To: cypherpunks(a)lists.cpunks.org Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2016 22:35:47 +1000 Subject: Re: [WAR] ... List-Id: The Cypherpunks Mailing List <cypherpunks.lists.cpunks.org> On Thu, Sep 01, 2016 at 02:47:08AM -0600, Mirimir wrote: > How about we implement a working AP system? As I said in a previous thread, I now believe that to be fundamentally flawed - that it will not achieve anything resembling justice, even in the long term. Fundamentally, the oligarchs and humans generally need a much higher level of education and discourse. "When all you have is a hammer ..." In the current climate of a majority of extremely dummed down "citizens", who are and feel disempowered, who cling to any iota of power that presents such as any public lynching, where intelligent "discourse" is simply not possible, restraint never exercised and certainly not possible to exercise collectively, AP would be at best a hammer to completely destroy society. I support anarchism, not chaos. ----- End forwarded message -----

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