November 2024 - cypherpunks - lists.cpunks.org

Fwd: Memo #4 - Goldman Sachs Deferred Prosecution Agreement
by Gunnar Larson 16 Feb '25

16 Feb '25

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ajVVx6NGB9wd2GDXfLRftf0RVFpqjl8WWITvdNV… March 10, 2022 BY ELECTRONIC MAIL Mr. John Marzulli United States Department of Justice Eastern District of New York 271 Cadman Plaza East Brooklyn New York, 11201 John.Marzulli(a)usdoj.gov Re: Memo #4 - Goldman Sachs Deferred Prosecution Agreement Dear Mr. Marzulli: The Department of Justice has yet to respond to Memo #1, Memo #2 and Memo #3 with our recent inquiry to the 1Malaysia Development Berhad Deferred Agreement. Goldman Sachs' Deferred Prosecution Agreement <https://www.justice.gov/usao-edny/pr/goldman-sachs-resolves-foreign-bribery…> with the United States of America is in potential breach, with ethical enforcement being concerned. Memo #4 aims to associate the malfeasance in Malaysia with war crimes of aggression (in the planning, initiation, or execution of a large-scale and serious act of aggression), leveraging the world’s only military divided capital city Nicosia, Cyprus. 1. Additionally, Memo #4 aims to earn the DOJ’s assessment of New York State’s regulatory marketplace manipulation deriving the war crime against peace, related to the planning, preparation, initiation, waging or participation in a common plan or conspiracy related to a war of aggression, which can only apply in relation to international armed conflict. 2. In this case, the first challenge is to observe and consider the simple idea that the DOJ’s Deferred Prosecution Agreement with Goldman Sachs alone, through means of regulatory arbitrage naively fails to recognize the ‘cause and effect’ relationship at play at the inception of Memo #4’s assertion of war crimes. 3. Even with the best of intentions, perhaps unknowingly the DOJ may be amplifying the effect of potential war crimes by indirectly supplementing the root cause of the problem and financial model of the Deferred Agreement being self-policing. Mr. Marzulli, there has been an active United Nations peacekeeping mission in Cyprus since the 1964 Turkish military invasion and occupation of the northern third of Cyprus. Only Turkey recognises the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, while there is broad recognition that the ongoing military presence constitutes occupation of territories that are under Turkish military control. - The graduate education behind Memo #4 is a product of the University of Nicosia’s (UNIC) main campus, located adjacent to the United Nations Buffer Zone that separates the invaded Turkish Republic of North Cyprus and the Republic of Cyprus, which joined the European Union in 2004. - Memo #4 is also a product of United Nations consultancy, based at its Manhattan headquarters, where (today, what is now xNY.io - Bank.org) was credited with increasing the breadth and accessibility of reference content from the world’s most important multinational organization. - Memo #4’s subject of war crimes has preeminent association with such projects as the Audio Visual Library of International Law. Over the following sections, Memo #4 will provide a detailed timeline that would constitute real concern of the war crime of aggression yielding the war crime against peace in active war conflict in the world’s only military divided capital, funded from Manhattan Island. The Bank of Cyprus and Illegal Short Selling Irregularities of Turkey’s Markets Mr. Marzulli, turn this matter as we will, and look at it from any side whatsoever, and it presents the appearance of a cross-border act of aggression. Goldman Sachs’ potential disrespect to the Deferred Agreement’s core values has cultivated new crimes that aim to manipulate cross-border war crime regulatory frameworks. - On April 02, 2021 the Financial Times reported that Turkey fined Goldman Sachs over alleged irregularities in short selling, just a week after foreign investors pulled $1.9B from the country’s stock and bond markets. Turkey’s Capital Markets Board said that Goldman Sachs was among 10 securities firms that had placed orders for short selling without proper notification, violating rules enacted previously that temporarily prohibited such transactions. - On April 20, 2021 the CyprusMail (Cyprus’ only English Language daily newspaper) reported Goldman Sachs International acted as Global Coordinators and Dealer Managers in a $330M bond issuance for the Bank of Cyprus. Given the active military conflict in Cyprus, Memo #4 notes that there is one place on the planet you are not supposed to do this sort of thing. Furthermore, the DOJ’s Deferred Agreement with Goldman Sachs may have been tainted with the potential war crime of aggression, risking international peace and the lives of United Nations peacekeepers, while jeopardizing the United States of America’s financial security. Concern of New York Prime Bank Instrument Fraud and Marketplace Manipulation The United States Department of the Treasury warns that Prime Bank Instrument Fraud schemes have attracted significant international attention, since individuals and organizations have lost billions of dollars worldwide. "Prime Bank Instrument Fraud" is the general term given to prime bank fraud schemes that go by many different names. During April 2021, Goldman Sachs could not in good faith (and, plausible deniability) make any reasonable claim of holding a pristine relationship with Turkey’s Central Bank or with Cyprus’ largest financial institutions, given the 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal and then pending Deferred Prosecution Agreement with the United States of America. - Memo #4 suggests that Goldman Sachs developed a Prime Bank Instrument Fraud program to level out yo-yo market dynamics caused by failed marketplace manipulation exercises in Turkey and Cyprus. - Systematic bank fraud and/or marketplace manipulation of any kind between Turkey and Cyprus could constitute the war crime of aggression. - Furthermore, Memo #4 argues that Goldman Sachs may have tried to bambooze governments in New York, Cyprus and Turkey through regulatory arbitrage loopholes, while Goldman seemingly may have not considered the totality of such actions as war crimes. Turkey has the highest inflation in Europe. It has the second-highest rate of inflation among emerging markets, just behind Argentina. It has the 13th highest inflation rate in the world, ranking it between South Sudan and Nigeria. After Goldman Sachs was fined for illegal stock and bond market short selling by the Turkish government, logic would argue further malfeasance potentially could have been avoided by the DOJ’s 1Malaysia Development Berhad investigation. - On April 15, 2021 CNBC reported that Goldman Sachs (note, the previous section’s milestones of April 02, 2021 and April 20, 2021) crucially removed its bias toward Turkey tightening interest rates. Goldman issued guidance highlighting the fact that the bank thought that, “…the removal of the tightening bias against rising inflation expectations suggests that the TCMB (Turkish Central Bank) now has a more dovish reaction function.” - On August 14, 2021 the CyprusMail reported serious concern among economists about data reporting from the Turkish Statistical Institute. Ahmet Takan, a former official with the office of the Turkish prime minister, acted as a whistle blower, warning that Turkey potentially was manipulating inflation data. - On September 1, 2021 Reuters reported that Goldman Sachs hiked Turkish growth forecasts. Goldman economists issued guidance stating, "Overall, the Turkish economy has been able to grow faster than we thought without a deterioration in its external balances, as the pickup in foreign demand has been very supportive." - On November 30, 2021 Reuters reported that Goldman Sachs trimed Turkey’s 2022 growth forecast. Goldman Sachs' Murat Unur stated, "We think that the GDP figures released today tell us little about the pace of economic activity going forward as the recent sell-off in the Lira is likely to impact economic activity significantly" Mr. Marzulli, the DOJ’s Deferred Prosecution Agreement with Goldman Sachs was signed on October 21, 2021. The timeline of events above do not coincide with terms and conditions of the Deferred Agreement mandated by the United States of America. Furthermore, as an international graduate scholars of the world’s only military divided capital on the planet, xNY.io - Bank.org should be protected from any association of crimes against peace, related to the planning, preparation, initiation, waging or participation in a common plan or conspiracy related to a war of aggression, which can only apply in relation to international armed conflict. War Crimes Against Humanity Mr. Marzulli, xNY.io - Bank.org is concerned that potential breaches to the Deferred Agreement are impacting our global enterprise. Crimes against humanity can be committed in peacetime as well as during an armed conflict. Even a single act could fall under this exclusion ground provided it forms part of a widespread or systematic attack against a civilian population and the act is committed by any person (including a civilian) who had knowledge of the attack and the link of the act to the attack. 1. We are looking to learn more about the DOJ’s approach to assessing any potential breaches to the Deferred Agreement’s mandates as we determine New York State’s role in cross-border bank regulation and corresponding innovation beyond war crimes against humanity. 2. In order to establish whether a war crime or a crime against humanity has been committed, the case officer should consult the relevant international instruments and case law. 3. Crimes against humanity are fundamentally inhumane acts, committed as part of a systematic or widespread attack. Inhumane acts, which could reach this threshold when committed pursuant to or in furtherance of a State or organizational policy (potentially, New York State bank regulation). 4. Persecution against any identifiable group or collectivity on political, racial, national, ethnic, cultural, religious, gender, or other grounds that are universally recognised as impermissible under international law. 5. Furthermore, we have made 28 highlights to the Deferred Agreement providing supporting reference to Memo #4’s overarching premise. xNY.io - Bank.org submits Memo #4 for DOJ consideration of other inhumane acts of a similar character intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health. Some crimes against humanity would require an additional specific intent, such as Goldman Sachs willfully disrespecting New York State and/or overall peace and security of the United States of America. Memo #1, Memo #2, Memo #3 and Memo #4 outline instances that correspond with the associated definitions of the potential war crimes abroad and jeopardize the future of bank innovation from New York, at great sacrifice to the Homeland. We hope to learn the DOJ’s approach to comment on Memo #4’s subject matter or, without delay refer these concerns to the International Criminal Court and/or International Court of Justice for comment. Respectfully yours with anticipation, Gunnar Larson - xNY.io <http://www.xny.io> | Bank.org <http://bank.org>MSc <https://www.unic.ac.cy/blockchain/msc-digital-currency/?utm_source=Google&u…> - Digital Currency MBA <https://www.unic.ac.cy/business-administration-entrepreneurship-and-innovat…> - Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ip) G(a)xNY.io +1-646-454-9107

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SpaceX Interlocking Directors’ Intent to Manipulate Markets
by Gunnar Larson 16 Feb '25

16 Feb '25

Dear Attorney General Letitia James: xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC seeks to earn your esteemed approval to engage the New York False Claims Act under urgent pretences. Today's correspondence marks the first time in history, a self-titled "mafia" (aka, the "PayPal Mafia '') is compelled to answer publicly the decision to manipulate both the New York False Claims Act and the Martin Act against one another. - Madam Attorney General, your leadership approach has historical context <https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/10/climate/exxon-climate-lawsuit-new-york.h…> to logic and ultimate Exxon Mobil vs. New York State <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nLp9RIYw8mAh1SRG8E9PMEK94SV-viUN/view?usp=…> case precedent. - xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC research and development notes our hawkish approach to ESG, D&O and LBO innovation. - xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC sees this not a democrat vs. republican concern as Mr. Elon Musk (CEO, SpaceX and Tesla) claims. False pretense to protect free speech are now being debated as party to a $200B pryamid scheme. Ms. James, on May 21, 2022 xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC <https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lv9Wt6y1ld4bNap0z3epIxttEGiP_oVpfxH0GTS…> contacted the SpaceX Corporation with reasonable concern of CEO Musk's intent behind the $44B Twitter LBO. The Orlando Police Pension Fund shared similar concerns to the intent behind Twitter's LBO as illegal. Since, market forces suggest that SpaceX and Tesla directors are part of interlocking directorate, self proclaimed the PayPal Mafia. The racket could waterfall to problem(s) at the New York State Department of Financial Services with Superintendent association to D&O insurance regulation. Ms. James, xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC seeks your office's urgent assessment of this matter. We aim to earn approval to explore the New York False Claims Act to confront SpaceX as a racket. *Like a house of cards, the PayPal Mafia racket could risk a waterfall of D&O interlocking directorate insolvencies. In summary: * 1. xNY.io - Bank.org's May 21, 2022 memo to SpaceX questioned intent behind baseless claims pioneered by SpaceX's CEO, branding ESG a scam via Exxon Mobil. Obviously, Exxon Mobil vs. New York State <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nLp9RIYw8mAh1SRG8E9PMEK94SV-viUN/view?usp=…> alludes Mr. Musk party to a false claim. 2. SpaceX has failed to establish a preponderance of evidence and burden of proof not a racket. 3. SpaceX has failed to prove that Twitter's LBO is not false claim to free speech protection. 4. True social innovation cannot sponsor a fake news racket that could jeopardize space exploration and war. 5. Twitter's LBO dealmakers (Goldman Sachs and JP Morgan Chase) company balance sheets, financial statements and other corporate records do not impact xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC holding a racket accountable to false claims. The CEO of SpaceX and Tesla leveraging Exxon Mobil as an ESG securities scam does not preclude the PayPal Mafia's intent to engage false claims at the sacrifice of New York State's financial future. Madam Attorney General James, we hope to hear from your esteemed office and learn assessment of best next steps. Thank you, Gunnar -- *Gunnar Larson * *xNY.io <http://www.xny.io/> - Bank.org <http://bank.org/>, PBC* MSc <https://www.unic.ac.cy/blockchain/msc-digital-currency/?utm_source=Google&u…> - Digital Currency MBA <https://www.unic.ac.cy/business-administration-entrepreneurship-and-innovat…> - Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ip) G(a)xNY.io +1-646-454-9107 New York, New York 10001 On Sun, May 22, 2022 at 9:34 AM Gunnar Larson <g(a)xny.io> wrote: > May 21, 2022 > > BY ELECTRONIC MAIL > > SpaceX Corporation > Board of Directors > One Rocket Road > Hawthorne, California > 90250 > Sales(a)SpaceX.com > > Re: Potential SpaceX Interlocking Directors’ Intent to Manipulate > Markets > > Dear SpaceX Board of Directors: > > From our New York headquarters, xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC embodies the notion > that rather than a merry-go-round, the process of change and innovation is > like a slide. > > Today’s memo aims to notify the SpaceX Corporation of concern of potential > market manipulation that could impact cross-border digital asset > innovation, free speech in the United States of America, the global ESG > economy and Moon exploration. > > Please find the attached memo > <https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lv9Wt6y1ld4bNap0z3epIxttEGiP_oVpfxH0GTS…> > addressed to SpaceX's board of directors. > > Respectfully, > > Gunnar Larson >

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MIA Coin and POX Kleptocracy: CORRUPTION FIN-2022-A001 - SAR 38(m).
by Gunnar Larson 16 Feb '25

16 Feb '25

Dear FinCEN: xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC thanks you for sending yesterday's advisory on kleptocracy and foreign public corruption. We have made 30 highlights to the FIN-2022-A001 <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yF3qDQG19J-qN1vUPC36lQfVClq3HPXB/view?usp=…> advisory for reference. *The aim of today's memo is to learn FinCEN's insights into MIA Coin and the consensus algorithm Proof of Transfer (POX). xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC is concerned about potential MIA Coin and City Coin kleptocracy that may be affecting our global enterprise. * *FinCEN may note that NYCCoin is illegal in New York State, given the BitLicense mandate. As such, we are not concerned with NYCCoin's legality given the clear BitLicense mandate. * - On February 4, 2022 we submitted a City of Miami records request for any and all correspondence between the City of Miami concerning CityCoins, MIA Coin and Stacks (STX). Additionally, any and all related correspondence concerning CityCoins, MIA Coin, Stacks (STX), Digital World Acquisition Corp and Harvard Management Company. - Today, April 15, 2022 <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OyVUBq8PcG7SVZ5lUp_oWyL0IDAR5uTP/view?usp=…> we have yet to receive the 13, 092 records. Attached you will find our latest correspondence with Miami, notifying them of our intention to contact FinCEN concerning MIA Coin and POX. - Conducting independent marketplace research, xNY.io - Bank.org, PBC established a premise to potential kleptocracy between the City of Miami and City Coins, of Iceland <https://who.is/whois/citycoins.co> international registration. Furthermore, MineMiamiCoin.com is registered in Germany <https://who.is/whois/minemiamicoin.com>. - Please find the City of Miami's resolution <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IrQwP46alrnQXRxIoXxm8kifZMVTRB_x/view?usp=…>approving gifts from City Coins ... Furthermore, City Coins suggests a $25,000 "reward" <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Eb2Q-LZNApwQRyjbBcD5-_yEW0Id51QD/view?usp=…> (that may be confused as bribery) for Mayors who participate. MIA Coin is powered by POX <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wL2kN6aMfsyT-T7g01YJSBB8meMn2SWg/view?usp=…>, a computer protocol that may exploit the U.S. and international financial systems to launder illicit gains, including through the use of shell companies, offshore financial centers, and professional service providers who enable the movement and laundering. MIA Coin' POX protocol is a wealth extraction tool that unfairly rewards an inside group of miners, rewarding patronage networks that benefit his inner circle and regime. These practices harm the competitive landscape of financial markets and often have long-term corrosive effects on good governance, democratic institutions, and human rights standards. FinCEN, we are concerned Miami's City Coin <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IrQwP46alrnQXRxIoXxm8kifZMVTRB_x/view> resolution potentially confirms Miami leaders as kleptocrats, using their position and influence to enrich themselves and their networks of corrupt actors. Finally, we understand that MIA Coin and POX operations are powered by international data warehouses, located in Iceland, Germany and Hong Kong. For these reasons, given FinCEN's alert on kleptocracy and foreign public corruption we kindly seek guidance. Sending you the very best regards. Thank you, Gunnar Larson -- *Gunnar Larson - xNY.io <http://www.xNY.io> - Bank.org <http://Bank.org>, PBC* MSc <https://www.unic.ac.cy/blockchain/msc-digital-currency/?utm_source=Google&u…> - Digital Currency MBA <https://www.unic.ac.cy/business-administration-entrepreneurship-and-innovat…> - Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ip) G(a)xNY.io +1-646-454-9107 New York, New York 10001 ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Financial Crimes Enforcement Network < fincenupdates(a)public.govdelivery.com> Date: Thu, Apr 14, 2022 at 2:46 PM Subject: FinCEN Updates: FinCEN Issues Advisory on Kleptocracy and Foreign Public Corruption To: <g(a)xny.io> *You are subscribed to FinCEN Updates. The information below is available at Fincen.gov.* *FinCEN Issues Advisory on Kleptocracy and Foreign Public Corruption* The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) today issued an advisory on kleptocracy and foreign public corruption, urging financial institutions to focus their efforts on detecting the proceeds of foreign public corruption — a priority for the U.S. Government as it continues to implement the U.S. Strategy on Countering Corruption <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDAsInVy…>. The advisory provides typologies and potential indicators of kleptocracy and other forms of foreign public corruption, namely bribery, embezzlement, extortion, and the misappropriation of public assets. *News Release:* https://www.fincen.gov/news/news-releases/fincen-issues-advisory-kleptocrac… <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDEsInVy…> *Advisory: * https://www.fincen.gov/resources/advisories/fincen-advisory-fin-2022-a001 <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDIsInVy…>

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Marianne Williamson LIVE in Melbourne, Australia | July 2022
by Gunnar Larson 16 Feb '25

16 Feb '25

Marianne Williamson LIVE in Melbourne, Australia | July 2022: https://drive.google.com/file/d/10GI5UDN7PVLcShqj0S_N7E28lpC-vkeC/view?usp=… Gunnar ✌️

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Re: response to FOIl request FOIL-2022-090627-018419
by Gunnar Larson 15 Feb '25

15 Feb '25

Dear Mr. Bogdan: Thank you for the note. We would kindly like to appeal this FOIL records decision. For example, One Million Black Women's board of directors states inclusion of policy and social leadership from Apple. Mr. Bogdan, xNY.io - Bank.org has filed another FOIL request concerning DFS' recent "Apple Card Report." The Apple Card Report and associated DFS investigation focused on financial inclusion metrics for women in New York State. Between the Apple Card Report and One Million Black Women being under DFS' umbrell of oversight, it would appear no records being publicly available would signal potential marketplace spoofing. Furthermore, DFS' "Student Protection Unit" licenses and supervises student loan servicers, monitors student-related financial practices in New York, and educates and advocates for student consumers and their families about available financial products and services. As a "Bill and Melinda Gates Scholar" and a "Blockchain Scholar" and a "Al Neuharth Freedom Forum Scholar" I am aware of a scholarship program funded from New York targeting students in Africa. Mr. Bogdan, from New York this fund advertises over $100M in scholarships for online degrees for students in Africa. Logic would conclude DFS' Student Protection Unit would hold records on this scholarship fund. No records would furthrtmore exacerbate spoofing concern of a potential interlocking directorate. At the very least, DFS records pertaining to mail and/or wire fraud related to the department's financial inclusion oversight would be helpful to our research. Have a great day, Gunnar -- *Gunnar Larson * *xNY.io <http://www.xny.io/> - Bank.org <http://bank.org/>* MSc <https://www.unic.ac.cy/blockchain/msc-digital-currency/?utm_source=Google&u…> - Digital Currency MBA <https://www.unic.ac.cy/business-administration-entrepreneurship-and-innovat…> - Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ip) G(a)xNY.io +1-646-454-9107 New York, New York 10001 On Tue, Nov 1, 2022, 3:24 PM <George.Bogdan(a)dfs.ny.gov> wrote: > Dear Mr. Larson: > > My response to your FOIL request is attached. > > Sincerely, > George Bogdan > DFS Records Access Officer > > Tracking Number:FOIL-2022-090627-018419 >

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Fwd: Launch of the One Million Black Women Initiative…John Waldron Interviews NATO Secretary-General…Institutions Sharpen Focus on Crypto Assets
by Gunnar Larson 15 Feb '25

15 Feb '25

Fri, Mar 12, 2021, 7:41 PM ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Gunnar Larson <g(a)xny.io> Date: Fri, Mar 12, 2021, 7:41 PM Subject: Fwd: Launch of the One Million Black Women Initiative…John Waldron Interviews NATO Secretary-General…Institutions Sharpen Focus on Crypto Assets To: Joshua Plant <joshua(a)plantpr.com> Black Women, NATO and Crypto. All the things Goldman is abusing, or has abused historically. After this Demo Day I feel a duty to not let up the gas on xNY.io and Bank.org. Will send you the memo to Linda... I really liked her chat today but I feel bamboozled. And is billions. ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Gunnar Larson <g(a)vrnetworks.co> Date: Fri, Mar 12, 2021 at 7:38 PM Subject: Fwd: Launch of the One Million Black Women Initiative…John Waldron Interviews NATO Secretary-General…Institutions Sharpen Focus on Crypto Assets To: <g(a)xny.io> Sent from my iPhone Begin forwarded message: *From:* Briefings from Goldman Sachs <briefings(a)gs.com> *Date:* March 12, 2021 at 12:53:52 PM EST *To:* g(a)vrnetworks.co *Subject:* *Launch of the One Million Black Women Initiative…John Waldron Interviews NATO Secretary-General…Institutions Sharpen Focus on Crypto Assets* *Reply-To:* "Briefings from Goldman Sachs" <briefings(a)gs.com> [image: Goldman Sachs] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac1f> [image: BRIEFINGS] March 12, 2021 Goldman Sachs Launches One Million Black Women Initiative [image: https://www.goldmansachs.com/our-commitments/sustainability/one-million-bla…] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac20> “When we looked at the United States, it became clear that if you wanted to make a long-term economic difference, you had to start by supporting Black women,” said Goldman Sachs Chairman and CEO David Solomon, on the launch of *One Million Black Women*, the firm’s initiative to narrow opportunity gaps for Black women by investing $10 billion and committing $100 million in philanthropic capital for capacity-building grants over the next decade. The effort will target investments to support Black women at key moments in their lives and address the significant disadvantages they face across a range of economic measures, including access to housing, healthcare, education and capital. The firm will work with an advisory council of Black leaders from leading corporations, nonprofit organizations and government, who will play a critical role in driving the initiative forward. *Learn more about the One Million Black Women <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac21> initiative.* SHARE: [image: twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac22> [image: facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac23> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac24> [image: email] <?subject=One%20Million%20Black%20Women&body=> Black Womenomics: Investing in the Underinvested <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac25> The *One Million Black Women* initiative draws on insights from Goldman Sachs Research’s new *Black Womenomics* report, which delves into the 90% wealth gap between Black and white households, its relationship with the broader economic disadvantages Black women face, and the public and private investment opportunities that can help close the divide. The report contends that addressing structural economic disparities would make for not only a fairer but also a richer society: The authors estimate that confronting the wage gap alone (which accounts for two-thirds of the wealth gap and widens throughout Black women’s working life) could add over one million jobs to the U.S. economy, and increase annual GDP by $300-450 billion in current dollars. Read report <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac26> View infographic <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac27> SHARE: [image: twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac28> [image: facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac29> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac2a> [image: email] <?subject=Black%20Womenomics&body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goldmansachs.com%2Finsights%2Fpages%2Fblack-womenomics-f%2Fblack-womenomics-report.pdf> Talks at GS With NATO’s Jens Stoltenberg <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac2b> Above (L to R): John Waldron of Goldman Sachs and Jens Stoltenberg of NATO As secretary-general of NATO, Jens Stoltenberg leads a political and military alliance that was designed to maintain a delicate peace in the shadow of World War II—a coalition that's since evolved to include climate change as a key focus for its 30 member nations. “Climate change—global warming—is what we call a crisis multiplier,” says Stoltenberg, who spoke with Goldman Sachs President and COO John Waldron in a recent episode of *Talks at GS*. “It will increase the competition for scarce resources, for water, for land. It will force people to move,” he says. “I'm not saying that climate change is the only reason for crisis and conflicts, but it may exacerbate and fuel and multiply the consequences of different conflicts in many places in the world.” The secretary-general envisions a three-part approach to the threat. “The first thing NATO should do, and we are starting to do that, is to have the best possible understanding of the link between climate change, global warming, and security threats and conflicts,” he says. “The second thing we should do is that we need to adapt the way we conduct our [military] missions, operations—how we do our work. Because we have to understand that the military, they operate, at least mostly, out there in nature.” Last is the alliance’s own role in contributing to climate change. “We could try to reduce emissions,” says Stoltenberg, “because today’s military operations are normally extremely energy consuming.” Watch video <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac2c> SHARE: [image: twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac2d> [image: facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac2e> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac2f> [image: email] <?subject=Talks%20at%20GS%20With%20NATO%E2%80%99s%20Jens%20Stoltenberg&body=https%3A%2F%2Fyoutu.be%2FPT886HFYEpw> How Institutional Investors Are Thinking About Crypto Assets Institutional investors are increasingly focused on investment opportunities in crypto assets, says Goldman Sachs' Mathew McDermott, who relayed how the assets are dominating client conversations—and at a more technical level—on a recent *Exchanges at Goldman Sachs* podcast. “The questions are not really, ‘What is it?’…It's more about ‘How can we get exposure, what are the instruments we can transact?’” McDermott, who is global head of Digital Assets for the firm, says the surge in trading crypto can be seen across a diverse investor base, citing findings from a recent Goldman Sachs survey of institutional clients. “40% of the clients currently have exposure to cryptocurrencies,” he says, while “61% of clients expect their digital asset holdings to increase over the next year.” It’s a significant shift from where the cryptocurrency market was a few years ago. “2017 was very much a retail-driven market,” McDermott says. “This time around, we've just seen a huge volume of institutional demand across the broad spectrum of different industry types. And as a function, you're seeing incumbent banks now explore ways that they can develop products to satisfy that client demand, enabling them to gain exposure to the different cryptocurrencies.” Listen to podcast <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac30> SHARE: [image: twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac31> [image: facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac32> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac33> [image: email] <?subject=How%20Institutional%20Investors%20Are%20Trading%20Cryptocurrency&body=https%3A%2F%2Fyoutu.be%2Fgk3hadD8YHM> The Daily Check-In With Goldman Sachs <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac34> Above (L to R): Mike Swell, Anna Skoglund and Katherine Tait of Goldman Sachs While mounting concerns over inflation spooked the bond markets and other risk assets in recent weeks, such fears are likely overblown, says Goldman Sachs’ Mike Swell <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac35>, who oversees a team that manages $700 billion in fixed income assets. Investors are “concerned [that] with the very significant recovery we’re seeing in the economy—along with a lot of debt issued by the government—we’re going to see a significant increase in inflation,” he says in a recent episode of *The Daily Check-In*. But more broadly, Swell notes that labor market slack, productivity gains and globalization will likely keep inflation in check for longer than the market is currently expecting. “As we look into 2022, you’re likely to see growth normalize, inflation normalize. And the Fed is going to keep the money easy and, as a result, it’s going to be a good environment for risk assets and it’s going to be a decent environment for fixed income assets as well.” In other episodes of *The Daily Check-In*, Anna Skoglund <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac36> of Goldman Sachs’ Investment Banking Division discusses the increase in private equity deal volumes in Europe this year and Goldman Sachs Research’s Katherine Tait <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac37> explains why venture capital in the education sector had its best-ever year in 2020 as the pandemic reshaped the future of learning. *For more Daily Check-In videos, subscribe to our channel <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac38> on YouTube.* Watch videos <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac39> SHARE: [image: twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac3a> [image: facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac3b> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac3c> [image: email] <?subject=The%20Daily%20Check-In%20With%20Goldman%20Sachs&body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fplaylist%3Flist%3DPLIyiGQywEp65ogt2Bi3vTK7ngXDTM6wT9> March QuickPoll: Moving to a ‘Post-Pandemic Regime’ After dealing with the recent volatility in interest rates, investors are shifting their focus to central bank activity and economic data, according to the latest Marquee QuickPoll survey of close to 700 Goldman Sachs institutional investor clients. Here are highlights: *Rate Moves Coming to an End?* Investor sentiment suggests that a jump in interest rates is still expected but not for long: A majority of respondents think interest rates will increase in March, but only 9% expect 10-year rates to end the month above 1.60%. *Central Bank Policy in the Spotlight*. COVID-19 epidemic data and vaccine developments were by far the primary (and only) variable investors were watching in past QuickPoll surveys, but focus is now shifting to central banks and macro indicators. COVID remains top of mind for 39% of respondents this month, but 33% of investors are now keeping an eye out for central bank statements and 16% are looking to U.S. economic data. “In our view, this likely marks the end of the ‘pandemic regime’ for markets and the beginning of a ‘post-pandemic’ one,” says Oscar Ostlund, head of content for Marquee, the digital platform for the Global Markets Division. *Portfolio Rotation to Inflation-Sensitive Assets*. Investors turned bearish on gold, the price of which typically falls when real rates rise—with about 35% of respondents expecting the price to be weakened further by the end of the month. Meanwhile, investors continue to have a bullish view on other commodities such as crude and copper. “We’ve seen many investors shift their views on gold and significantly reduce their enthusiasm on emerging market equities, which were the second-favorite asset class last month but have significantly sold off,” Ostlund says. *For more information about QuickPoll and Marquee, reach out to the team <gs-marquee-sales@ny.email.gs.com?subject=BRIEFINGS%20Follow-Up%3A%20Interested%20in%20Learning%20More%20About%20Marquee&body=BRIEFINGS%20Follow-Up%3A%20Interested%20in%20Learning%20More%20About%20Marquee.>. * SHARE: [image: twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac3d> [image: facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac3e> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac3f> [image: email] <?subject=March%20QuickPoll%3A%20Moving%20to%20a%20%E2%80%98Post-Pandemic%20Regime%E2%80%99&body=> Briefly…on the Path to Net-Zero Emissions and Inclusive Growth <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac40> Just over a year into Goldman Sachs' 10-year plan to deploy $750 billion toward accelerating the climate transition and advancing inclusive growth, the firm has reached a fifth of its target. We sat down with *John Goldstein*, head of the firm’s Sustainable Finance Group, to discuss progress, client concerns and the impact of the pandemic on companies’ sustainability goals. *John, soon after the firm announced its sustainability goal in late 2019, the world went into lockdown. Can you describe how the pandemic affected companies’ sustainability objectives in 2020? * *John Goldstein*: Last year was undoubtedly a year of volatility and complexity, but the one constant was the growing interest and focus in sustainable finance and ESG as evidenced by the fact that in 2020 alone we reached a fifth of our $750 billion 10-year target. The pandemic served as a stress test for the industry—which it passed with flying colors. The strong performance of ESG investments during the first-quarter downturn was rewarded with greater focus and capital flows as the year progressed. In addition, the pandemic reminded people of how quickly the world can change and how important these emerging changes can be to portfolios. Factors that may not have always been incorporated in traditional financial models can have significant financial impacts. From our perspective, 2020 highlighted the importance of both elements of our sustainability approach which focuses on two interconnected themes: climate transition and inclusive growth. *Can you describe the firm’s approach to sustainability—how did you come to decide on these two themes?* *John Goldstein*: When we first announced our sustainability approach in 2019, people immediately understood the focus on climate transition, but were less certain about the focus on inclusive growth. Well, 2020 was a stark reminder that both pillars are essential. The pandemic gave us a health and employment crisis while highlighting the deeply visible manifestations of the ongoing racial inequalities, particularly in the U.S. You could say that the social component of ESG has climbed into the front seat with the environmental concerns. *So let’s talk about how the first year of allocating capital went. How did the firm approach making its targets a reality?* *John Goldstein*: A big part of achieving our goal during the first year stemmed from the fact that we were able to leverage the strengths across the organization. Soon after we announced our 10-year target, we created a new team, the Sustainable Finance Group, to coordinate our sustainability efforts across the firm. Shortly thereafter, we launched dedicated sustainability councils within all of our businesses, each led by a senior leader within the firm, to integrate sustainability solutions into our work with clients. *What's an example? * *John Goldstein*: One example I would highlight is the work that we did with our Global Markets Division where we incorporated ESG data into the division’s trading capabilities. That in turn helped clients achieve their ESG goals either broadly or in specific areas, such as lowering their carbon footprint in their portfolios. We essentially served as a product incubator within divisions to understand the market need for new strategies for their clients. The division, in turn, scaled the products and strategies more broadly. *What types of strategies resonated most with clients? * *John Goldstein*: Climate solutions were a key focus for clients across the firm. For example, we’ve worked with our colleagues in the Asset Management Division to provide growth financing to Swedish manufacturer Northvolt AB to support the construction of a lithium-ion battery factory that will expand the market for electric vehicles in Europe. For our public market investors, we’ve developed ESG strategies in our trading and asset management businesses and are accelerating global power solutions through our structuring services in the Global Markets Division. In the Investment Banking Division, we were part of the largest corporate sustainability bond for Alphabet; the largest IPO for a solar company, Shoals Technologies; and helped clients issue more than $35 billion in COVID-19 relief bonds. What we’ve learned is that there are multiple ways to help clients meet their decarbonization goals across the firm. In fact, making sustainability a core commercial focus for us has not only allowed us to scale ESG and inclusive growth strategies across the breadth and depth of our organization to meet our clients’ goals, but doing so has also enabled us to tie it into our own funding strategy as we recently did with the issuance of our $800 million green bond. *Finally, what do you see as the key ESG and sustainability priorities for companies this year? * *John Goldstein*: Investors and corporates are all looking at moving sustainability considerations from the periphery to the core of their organizations. That means that for investors, it’s not just about ESG products—it’s about all of their investing products. It’s not about their sustainability report—it’s about their annual report. For us, our focus will continue to remain on incubating and launching new product offerings within our divisions in partnership with our clients and—in particular—to accelerate our efforts to work as one firm to meet clients’ needs. View infographic <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac41> Read GS CEO David Solomon's statement <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac42> SHARE: [image: twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac43> [image: facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac44> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac45> [image: email] <?subject=Briefly%E2%80%A6on%20the%20Path%20to%20Net-Zero%20Emissions%20and%20Inclusive%20Growth&body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goldmansachs.com%2Four-commitments%2Fsustainability%2Fsustainable-finance%2Fthe-future-is-now%2Fsf-at-gs.html> Goldman Sachs Media Highlights *CBS This Morning* - March 10 Investing in Women: Goldman Sachs CEO on New Plan to Close the Wage Gap <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac46> (7:26) *Essence* - March 10 Exclusive: Goldman Sachs Invests $10 Billion in New ‘One Million Black Women’ Initiative <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac47> *Bloomberg* - March 8 Goldman Open to Work With Financial Newcomers: Stephanie Cohen <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac48> (7:37) *Bloomberg * - March 8 Goldman’s Abby Joseph Cohen Still Sees Potential in Equities <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac49> (10:17) Subscribe <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac4a> Unsubscribe <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac4b&p1=g@vrnetworks.co> The data provided in this newsletter is for information purposes only and should not be construed as investment or tax advice nor as a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any particular security. Goldman Sachs believes the data in this newsletter is accurate, but does not verify its accuracy independently and does not warrant or guarantee that it is accurate or complete. Goldman Sachs has no obligation to provide any updates or changes to the data. No investment decisions should be made using this data. To the extent this newsletter includes material from the Goldman Sachs Securities Division, please click here <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac4c> for information relating to Securities Division material and your reliance on it. © 2021 Goldman Sachs, All rights reserved. 200 West Street, New York, NY 10282, USA GS.com <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac4d> | Careers Blog <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac4e> | Privacy and Security <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac4f> | Terms of Use <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac50> [image: Facebook] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac51> [image: Twitter] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac52> [image: LinkedIn] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac53> [image: YouTube] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac54> [image: Instagram] <https://tracking.gs.com/r/?id=h11421279,4ec274e4,4ec2ac55> -- *Gunnar Larson - www.xNY.io <http://www.xNY.io> * MSc <https://www.unic.ac.cy/blockchain/msc-digital-currency/?utm_source=Google&u…> - Digital Currency MBA <https://www.unic.ac.cy/business-administration-entrepreneurship-and-innovat…> - Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ip) G(a)xNY.io +1-646-454-9107 New York, New York 10001

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Fwd: Funding partnership with CLientEarth
by Gunnar Larson 15 Feb '25

15 Feb '25

... ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Gunnar Larson <g(a)xny.io> Date: Wed, May 29, 2024, 6:42 AM Subject: Fwd: Funding partnership with CLientEarth To: <cypherpunks(a)cpunks.org> Back in May 2022, xNY.io - Bank.org reached out to ClientEarth.org. Now in May 2024, between UN.org, WorldBank.org and ClientEarth.org, today it is evident that xNY.io - Bank.org is light-years ahead of our peers. We will engage our position in global makets for good for all nations and peoples. Gunnar ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Support Us <supportus(a)clientearth.org> Date: Tue, May 3, 2022, 10:12 AM Subject: RE: Funding partnership with CLientEarth To: Gunnar Larson <g(a)xny.io> Dear Gunnar. Thank you for wanting to reach and connect with ClientEarth. Unfortunately the team you would need to connect with do not currently have capacity at this time. They will keep your details on file for future and can hopefully connect at a later date. Best wishes. *Kriss Atkin* Development Administration Assistant [image: ClientEarth_lockup_black] t. +44(0)303 050 5991 ClientEarth, The Joinery, 34 Drayton Park, London, N5 1PB [image: cid:image004.png@01D65A06.292F2EF0] *Website* <https://www.clientearth.org/>* | **Facebook* <https://www.facebook.com/ClientEarth>* | **Twitter* <http://www.twitter.com/clientearth>* | **Instagram* <https://www.instagram.com/clientearth_/?hl=en>* | **LinkedIn* <https://www.linkedin.com/company/clientearth> *From:* Gunnar Larson [mailto:g@xny.io] *Sent:* 28 April 2022 13:29 *To:* Support Us <supportus(a)clientearth.org> *Subject:* Re: Funding partnership with CLientEarth Dear Kriss: Thank you for reaching out. Bank.org is working on a project similar to your Shell board dispute. We wanted to reach out and introduce ourselves. Would there be a good time to connect? Thank you, Gunnar -- *Gunnar Larson - xNY.io <http://www.xny.io/> | Bank.org <http://bank.org/>* MSc <https://www.unic.ac.cy/blockchain/msc-digital-currency/?utm_source=Google&u…> - Digital Currency MBA <https://www.unic.ac.cy/business-administration-entrepreneurship-and-innovat…> - Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ip) G(a)xNY.io +1-646-454-9107 New York, New York 10001 On Thu, Apr 28, 2022 at 5:35 AM Support Us <supportus(a)clientearth.org> wrote: Dear Gunnar, Thank you so much for getting in touch, we are so grateful that you would like to know more about partnering with ClientEarth. We really appreciate your request, if you can send us details of your proposal we would love to review in line with our corporate partnership policy. Once we have reviewed this opportunity we will contact you again regarding your donation. Please do feel free to let us know of your latest environmental policy or if your company currently holds any environmental ISO certificates, as this would greatly expedite our review process. As you know, ClientEarth works to stop climate change and pollution, protect and restore habitats, wildlife and natural resources, as well as empowering people and promoting the rule of law. If you would like to find out more about our work, you can find the latest news on our website <https://www.clientearth.org/> or you can sign up to our email newsletter <https://www.action.clientearth.org/sign-clientearths-newsletter/?_ga=2.2608…>. Please contact me if you have any further questions or queries and I will be happy to help. Best wishes. *Kriss Atkin* Development Administration Assistant [image: ClientEarth_lockup_black] t. +44(0)303 050 5991 ClientEarth, The Joinery, 34 Drayton Park, London, N5 1PB [image: cid:image004.png@01D65A06.292F2EF0] *Website* <https://www.clientearth.org/>* | **Facebook* <https://www.facebook.com/ClientEarth>* | **Twitter* <http://www.twitter.com/clientearth>* | **Instagram* <https://www.instagram.com/clientearth_/?hl=en>* | **LinkedIn* <https://www.linkedin.com/company/clientearth>

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Enron’s Board of Directors: Contemporary Lessons on Crypto Marketplace Manipulation Computer Crimes - Crypto Computer Crimes Manual (W/183 Highlights)
by Gunnar Larson 15 Feb '25

15 Feb '25

A few years ago, I wrote an essay titled: "Enron’s Board of Directors: Contemporary Lessons on Crypto Marketplace Manipulation Computer Crimes - Crypto Computer Crimes Manual (W/183 Highlights)" https://thecapital.io/article/crypto-computer-crimes-manual-w183-highlights… Working references on disclosure controls and procedures, as well as strategic initiatives including mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, and management restructurings (including public/private board of directors). Full, fair, and accurate disclosures from all parties in a battle for corporate influence or control are critically important to investors, particularly when they are called upon to make decisions about their investments. Contemporary crypto computer crimes likely are key considerations relevant to making informed investment decisions by sophisticated investors, underscoring protection of pension assets via keen planning. BitLicense marketplace manipulation techniques and potential cross-border computer crimes has been a major focus of xNY.io's scholar research/innovation communication and Bank.org's business plan execution strategy. The World Bank (WorldBank.org) notes that vulture funds endanger the gains made by debt relief to poorest countries. "The Bank has already delivered more than $40 billion in debt relief to 30 of these countries...thanks to this, countries like Ghana can provide micro-credit to farmers, build classrooms for their children, and fund water and sanitation projects for the poor," wrote World Bank Vice President Danny Leipziger in 2007. World Bank directors warn that strategies adopted by vulture funds divert much needed debt relief away from the poorest countries on earth and into the bank accounts of the wealthy. Bank.org is clear-eyed; microcredit lending fraud is a major issue for developing economies. Likewise, in western developed economies, market history warns that when boards of directors approve of and/or ignore the misuse of computer software programs which compute values based upon data input formulas from active cross-border manipulation structures, the results can lead to scandals like Enron. Such outcomes cost investors billions of dollars when the share prices of affected companies collapse, while also shaking public confidence in the United States securities markets. Enron’s Board of Directors: Contemporary Lessons on Crypto Marketplace Manipulation Computer Crimes In its 2000 review of best corporate boards, Chief Executive Magazine included Enron among its five best boards. Even with its complex corporate governance and network of intermediaries, Enron was still able to "attract large sums of capital to fund a questionable business model, conceal its true performance through a series of accounting and financing maneuvers, and hype its stock to unsustainable levels."On paper, Enron had a model board of directors comprised predominantly of outsiders with significant ownership stakes and a talented audit committee of various state and federal regulators. Two decades later, in 2021, it is clear that cryptocurrency and blockchain computer software systems require contemporary, ethically pure and sound cultivation to support the realization of a "generation of innovation," maximizing the full potential of blockchain software technologies. Board directors that will pioneer the next chapters of the meaningful New York legacy of global, cross-border banking will agree: Close scrutiny of corporate governance and greater responsibility placed on directors to vouch for the reports submitted to the SEC and other federal agencies have resulted in the growth of computer software solutions such as blockchain systems and processes. Cryptocurrency and Blockchain computer software products allow corporate directors and internal auditors to assemble and analyze financial and other relevant data—including unstructured data—and create reporting required by New York BitLicense regulators and various Federal counterparts. Before its demise, Enron was lauded for its sophisticated software, including financial risk management tools powered by computer software. Risk management was crucial to Enron not only because of its regulatory environment, but also because of its business plan. Enron established long-term fixed commitments which needed to be hedged to prepare for the invariable fluctuation of future energy prices. Enron's downfall was attributed to its reckless use of derivatives and special purpose formulas manipulated by computer accounting software tools. To engage in probable computer crimes, Enron hedged its risks with special purpose entities which it owned, and Enron retained the risks associated with the transactions. Enron's aggressive accounting practices were not hidden from the board of directors, as later learned by a Senate subcommittee. The board was informed of the rationale for using the Whitewing, LJM, and Raptor transactions, and after approving them received status updates on the entities' operations. Although not all of Enron's widespread improper accounting practices were revealed to the board, the practices were dependent on board decisions. Eliminating Bad Board of Director Schemes Ranging from additional corporate board responsibilities to criminal penalties, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) implemented disclosure requirements to comply with the law. A recent SEC order reiterated the importance of the disclosures, noting that the requirements were adopted in order to alert the market to large and rapid accumulation of shares that might represent a possible change in corporate control so that shares can be valued accordingly. The SEC order also noted that the requirements were designed to provide an issuer’s management with timely information to appropriately protect its shareholders’ interests (including pension protections). The SEC’s recent enforcement actions relate to disclosure obligations in connection with M&A transactions and fights for corporate control. In 2015, the SEC brought forth a number of similar enforcement actions alleging that filers had failed to update their disclosures after taking steps towards certain plans and proposals. These types of enforcement actions continue to create challenging issues for practitioners, particularly when potential transactions are still in the early stages of planning and preliminary negotiation. The SEC’s historic actions serve as a reminder to investors, including vulture activists, that Schedule 13D violations can result in monetary liability and, in the case of registered funds and investment advisers, can also have other regulatory consequences. Care must be taken to avoid those communications constituting group activities with disclosure consequences. It should be noted that in some cases, coordination among the parties or sharing of information is sufficient to form prompts for disclosure purposes. Intention of Disclosing Crypto Computer Crimes Manual (W/183 Highlights) Published by the Office of Legal Education Executive office for United States Attorneys, the “Prosecuting Computer Crime Manual” has been xNY.io’s reference guide as international scholars researching Crypto Computer Crimes and how to best position corresponding Bank.org business innovation moving forward. The SEC encourages the description of any plans or proposals such as Proof of Burn (PoB) or Short Selling market activities which may relate to or would result in: The acquisition by any person of additional securities of the issuer, or the disposition of securities of the issuer; An extraordinary corporate transaction, such as a merger, reorganization or liquidation, involving the issuer or any of its subsidiaries; A sale or transfer of a material amount of assets of the issuer or any of its subsidiaries; Any change in the present board of directors or management of the issuer, including any plans or proposals to change the number or term of directors or to fill any existing vacancies on the board; Any material change in the present capitalization or dividend policy of the issuer; Any other material change in the issuer's business or corporate structure, including but not limited to, if the issuer is a registered closed-end investment company, any plans or proposals to make any changes in its investment policy for which a vote is required by section 13 of the Investment Company Act of 1940; Changes in the issuer's charter, bylaws or instruments corresponding thereto or other actions which may impede the acquisition of control of the issuer by any person; Causing a class of securities of the issuer to be delisted from a national securities exchange or to cease to be authorized to be quoted in an inter-dealer quotation system of a registered national securities association; A class of equity securities of the issuer becoming eligible for termination of registration pursuant to section 12(g)(4) of the Act; or Any action similar to any of those enumerated above. Below we share 183 highlights to the Computer Crimes Manual as per best disclosure practices to illustrate various potential scenarios when market conditions are met and a board of directors potentially exploits blockchain technological software innovation with forecastable reckless consequences. https://thecapital.io/article/crypto-computer-crimes-manual-w183-highlights…

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xNY.io - Bank.org | Memo #2 - JPMorgan Chase Board of Directors ESG Marketplace Manipulation
by Gunnar Larson 14 Feb '25

14 Feb '25

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bxERzXknAFfVW3YsDpNB-GPlVoiLAeeBXUrxwOF… May 1, 2022 BY ELECTRONIC MAIL Investor Relations Board of Directors, JPMorgan Chase & Co. 277 Park Avenue New York, NY 10172-0003 JPMCinvestorrelations(a)jpmchase.com Re: JPMorgan Chase Board of Directors ESG Marketplace Manipulation Dear Board of Directors: xNY.io - Bank.org recently contacted JPMorgan Chase’s board of directors to communicate our concern(s) that potentially JPMorgan Chase may be engaging in exploitation of more than $100B of ESG asset liabilities, across international regulatory arbitrage structures, while headquartered in Manhattan. Specifically, the duty to promote the success of the company is that a director must act in the way that she considers, in good faith, and would be most likely to promote the success of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole. - Failure by a board to adequately consider ESG-related risks, particularly entity-specific compliance risks such as breach of securities laws, could serve as the basis for liability of individual directors or officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. Given JPMorgan’s five cout felonies, xNY.io - Bank.org is concerned with your board of director governance in preventing ESG fraud. xNY.io - Bank.org’s assessment of JPMorgan’s board embraces fundamentals including liquidity risk and protecting New York ESG cross border innovation from marketplace manipulation. - According to JPMorgan’s August 2021 Sovereigns and ESG whitepaper, the bank states that governance carries the largest weight of the three ESG pillars across scores, as it is the most empirically relevant for asset prices. - JPMorgan notes that philosophically, the bank views good governance as a foundational pillar for positive ESG developments in other pillars. Today’s memo follows protocol suggested by the United States of America, in that JPMorgan Chase’s board of directors is responsible to xNY.io - Bank.org’s enterprise and the Department of the Interior, in connection with any action alleging a violation of the Endangered Species Act, by any person (“person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, trust, association, or any other private entity) claiming the benefit of any exemption or permit under the Act, who shall have the burden of proving that the exemption or permit is applicable, or has been granted, and was valid and in force at the time of alleged violation. xNY.io - Bank.org has made 91 highlights to the Department of Interior’s Endangered Species Act for JPMorgan Chase’s board of directors reference. 1. xNY.io - Bank.org has reason to believe in the JPMorgan Chase board of directors’ engagement of ESG marketplace manipulation, risking your ESG portfolio’s future at the cost of New York digital asset innovation. 2. xNY.io - Bank.org references your 2021 Environmental Social and Governance Report, totaling $117B of ESG “development funding” transferred from New York to Caribbean and Eastern European accounts. 3. xNY.io - Bank.org is concerned of JPMorgan Chase board directors leveraged marketplace manipulation techniques in allocating ESG funds to engage in potential harassment (the term "harassment" means any act of pursuit, torment, or annoyance) of some of the world’s most precious endangered species protected by domestic and international governance. 4. JPMorgan Chase’s $2.3B ESG “wind farm” facility is characterized by the Washington Post as a potential misuse of ESG assets (and board policies) to fund probable violation(s) of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. Looking internationally, xNY.io - Bank.org is concerned of further ESG marketplace manipulation structures, sacrificing endangered species, via JPMorgan Chase’s board directed ESG investments in the Caribbean (your largest ESG investment region). xNY.io - Bank.org signals that JPMorgan’s board of directors is party to the Convention on Nature Protection and Wild Life Preservation in the Western Hemisphere. Being clear, any violation of the Endangered Species Act, the Marine Mammal Protection Act and/or the Convention on Nature Protection and Wild Life Preservation in the Western Hemisphere … Requires xNY.io - Bank.org to consult JPMorgan Chase board members on ESG allocations that may be in conflict with construction, or other development projects, or other forms of economic activity. xNY.io - Bank.org asks JPMorgan Chase board directors to return the Secretary of Department of the Interior’s approval, confirming licensing and/or exclusion to the Endangered Species Act, with further authorization of “harassment” pursuant to exemption(s). Including (if available) a similar Environmental Protection Agency permit that is applicable and is valid and in force. - Due to the riskiness of ESG portfolio mismanagement in violation of the Endangered Species Act, ESG marketplace manipulation risk(s) may trigger causal shocks to New York State monetary and regulatory innovation. - According to JPMorgan’s sovereign fund ESG research, “A common complaint about ESG analysis is that data can be difficult to source. Some sovereign data is in fact more readily available than corporate data given the multitude of multinational organizations and NGOs – including the World Bank, the IMF and the United Nations.” - The European Central Bank provides support to the eurozone sovereign debt market but has more restrictions on what and how much it can buy, so eurozone bonds can trade with more credit risk premium compared to other major developed market bonds. - Whatever the case may be, JPMorgan disclosures detail significant concern of lapse in board governance and ESG portfolio risk with potential violation of the Endangered Species Act, risking ESG portfolio default(s) in Europe and the United States risking ESG customer financial abuse. Forbes recently profiles JPMorgan Chase ESG investments as problematic, highlighting that your board of directors potentially are allocating ESG proceeds in competition with human rights at the expense of customers’ best interests while investing heavily in fossil fuels. A letter to JPMorgan Chase’s board of directors from ESG scholars (including, The Sierra Club, Public Citizen, Greenpeace, Amazon Watch, Revolving Door Project, Rainforest Action Network and the Center for International Environmental Law) suggests the bank would “...lock us into energy sources that are overly expensive and subject to wild price swings, and that exacerbate rather than ease global conflict.” xNY.io - Bank.org aims to protect ESG digital asset innovation and JPMorgan’s board should understand your proprietary ESG scoring matrix should signal seismic marketplace manipulation risk if directors are in potential violation of any Endangered Species Act covenant. - Head of Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) distribution at JP Morgan Asset Management says, “In Europe, we do not have a semi-transparent product – like the US and Australia – which would add further complexity to the trading. For example, the US has several models which make it harder for the AP to guess what the actual fund looks like and therefore the costs might be higher accordingly.” - Given, JPMorgan may potentially be in breach of United States Endangered Species Act provisions, similar risk of ESG asset failure(s) may include Europe, Middle East, Africa and Australia international law, as ratified by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. While directors and officers are likely to be particularly focused on the risk that they may be found personally liable for a breach of their duties, proper ESG compliance with fiduciary obligations requires acting to a higher standard. Given the defenses available to fiduciaries, and the difficulty in bringing claims for breach of fiduciary duty, a director or officer found to be liable for such ESG breaches will generally have acted egregiously. This ‘sliding scale’ of the standards to which directors and officers should adhere. Following the Endangered Species Act, xNY.io - Bank.org kindly petitions JPMorgan’s board of directors, in connection with all ESG investments, claiming the benefit of any exemption or permit under the United States Department of the Interior’s Endangered Species Act … Shall have the burden of proving that an exemption or permit is applicable, or has been granted, and is valid and in force. - At JPMorgan’s earliest convenience (within 60 days of receipt of this memo) xNY.io - Bank.org kindly requests a certified copy of JPMorgan Chase’s approval by the Department of the Interior, being a license and/or exclusion to the Endangered Species Act and/or the Marine Mammal Protection Act. - JPMorgan Chase suggests a commitment to anti-corruption compliance is central to the success of its business. Your board of directors stand to maintain that trust by promoting a corporate culture that encourages ethical business practices and compliance with both the letter and the spirit of the laws of the countries in which the JPMorgan conducts business. xNY.io - Bank.org’s research guidance from the United States Securities and Exchange Commision, supports the international community in taking actions to address ESG issues on a global basis, and those actions that can have a material impact on companies. Future correspondence concerning ESG innovation is at your board’s leisure. Respectfully yours with appreciation, Gunnar Larson | xNY.io <http://www.xny.io> - Bank.org <http://bank.org>, PBC MSc <https://www.unic.ac.cy/blockchain/msc-digital-currency/?utm_source=Google&u…> - Digital Currency MBA <https://www.unic.ac.cy/business-administration-entrepreneurship-and-innovat…> - Entrepreneurship and Innovation (ip) G(a)xNY.io +1-646-454-9107

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Will The UK Supreme Court Decision In PACCAR Affect Hong Kong Litigation Funding? - Litigation Finance Journal
by Gunnar Larson 14 Feb '25

14 Feb '25

Check out my recent article: https://litigationfinancejournal.com/will-the-uk-supreme-court-decision-in-… The Hong Kong Department of Justice’s approach to litigation finance and third party funding is coming into greater focus following the UK Supreme Court’s July 26, 2023 ruling on R. (on the Application of PACCAR Inc) v Competition Appeal Tribunal [2023] UKSC 28. Mondaq reports that PACCAR has defined “damaged-base agreements” or “DBAs” in the United Kingdom. DBAs are strictly regulated in the UK, now including litigation funding agreement contract law. Many UK courts have operated under the assumption that funding of litigation agreements does not fall under the purview of DBAs. PACCAR’s Supreme Court decision has sparked a fervent debate around this topic. Mondaq says that Hong Kong DBA relevancy differs from the UKs DBA approach. Specifically, in Hong Kong, champerty and maintenance are illegal factors that can lead to a fine and prison sentence. It’s important to note that Hong Kong does allow waivers to the general prohibition of litigation investment if: 1. Third parties share a common interest in funding the outcome of a case. 2. Accessible justice is a prime consideration. 3. Insolvency proceedings are necessary.

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