May 2015 - cypherpunks - lists.cpunks.org

Astoria - new Tor client designed to be more resistant to timing attacks
by Jesse Taylor 26 May '15

26 May '15

Curious to hear your thoughts on this <http://www.dailydot.com/politics/tor-astoria-timing-attack-client/>: --- /With the threat of powerful intelligence agencies, like the////NSA <http://dailydot.com/tags/nsa>//, looming large, researchers have built a new////Tor <http://dailydot.com/tags/tor>////client called////Astoria <http://arxiv.org/pdf/1505.05173.pdf>////designed specifically to make eavesdropping harder for the world's richest, most aggressive, and most capable spies.// //// //Tor, the world’s most popular anonymity network, works like this: A user fires up the client and connects to the network through what's called an entry node. To reach a website anonymously, the user’s Internet traffic is then passed encrypted through a so-called middle relay and then an exit relay (and back again). That user-relay connection is called a circuit. The website on the receiving end doesn’t know who is visiting, only that a faceless Tor user has connected.////An eavesdropper shouldn’t be able to know who the Tor user is either, thanks to the encrypted traffic being routed through 6,000 nodes in the network.////But something called "timing attacks" change the situation. When an adversary takes control of both the entry and exit relays, research shows they can potentially deanonymize Tor users //within minutes <http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.03940>//.// ////A full 58 percent of Tor circuits are vulnerable to network-level attackers, such as the NSA or Britain’s Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), when they access popular websites, according to new////research <http://arxiv.org/pdf/1505.05173.pdf>////from American and Israeli academics. Chinese users are the most vulnerable of all to these kinds of attacks, with researchers finding 85.7 percent of all Tor circuits from the country to be vulnerable.// //// //Even though Tor is designed to provide complete anonymity to its users, the NSA’s position means they can potentially see and measure both traffic entering the Tor network and the traffic that comes out. When an intelligence agency can see both,//simple statistics <http://freehaven.net/anonbib/#danezis:pet2004>////help an autonomous system at their control match the data up in a timing attack and discover the identity of the sender.////Anonymity over.////This kind of threat has been known to Tor developers for over a decade. They’ve been trying to make eavesdropping difficult for spy agencies for just as long.// //// //To counter the threat, American-Israeli researchers built Astoria, a new Tor client focused on defeating autonomous systems that can break Tor’s anonymity.////Astoria reduces the number of vulnerable circuits from 58 percent to 5.8 percent, the researchers say. The new solution is the first designed to beat even the most//recently <http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.03940>////proposed <http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2673869>////asymmetric correlation attacks on Tor.// //// //Designed to beat such attacks, Astoria differs most significantly from Tor's default client in how it selects the circuits that connect a user to the network and then to the outside Internet. The tool, at its foundation, is an algorithm designed to more accurately predict attacks and then securely select relays that mitigate timing attack opportunities for top-tier adversaries.// //// //Astoria adroitly considers how circuits should, according to the researchers, be made “when there are no safe possibilities,” how to safely balance the growing bandwidth load across the Tor network, and how to keep Tor’s performance “reasonable” and relatively fast even when Astoria is in its most secure configuration.////All this while under the unblinking gaze of the world’s best intel services.////Defeating timing attacks against Tor completely isn’t possible because of how Tor is built, but making the attacks more costly and less likely to succeed is a pastime that Tor developers have dedicated a decade to. Astoria follows in those footsteps.////By choosing relays based on lowering the threat of eavesdropping by autonomous systems and then choosing randomly if no safe passage is possible, Astoria aims to minimize the information gained by an adversary watching an entire circuit.// //// //“In addition to providing high-levels of security against such attacks, Astoria also has performance that is within a reasonable distance from the current Tor client,” the researchers wrote. “Unlike other AS-aware Tor clients, Astoria also considers how circuits should be built in the worst case—i.e., when there are no safe relays that are available. Further, Astoria is a good network citizen and works to ensure that the all circuits created by it are load-balanced across the volunteer driven Tor network.”// //// //In an upgrade aimed at making Tor even more usable for the average person, the newest Tor Browser allows a sliding scale of security that balances speed and usability with strong security preferences.////Similarly, Astoria provides multiple security options. However, it's both most effective and most usable when at its highest security level, the researchers say, so "Astoria is a usable substitute for the vanilla Tor client only in scenarios where security is a high priority."/ --- Source: http://www.dailydot.com/politics/tor-astoria-timing-attack-client/

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TFC 0.5.5 out
by Markus Ottela 26 May '15

26 May '15

TFC 0.5.5 is now out I found another vulnerability in the constant transmission feature; between each long message only one command would be sent at most. This issue has now been fixed. After a request, I added further message authentication for CEV: In addition to GMAC it now does encrypt-then-MAC style authentication using HMAC-SHA2-512 (512-bit key) and SHA3-512 MAC (1144-bit key) before GCM authenticates and decrypts the ciphertext. I upgraded all keys to 512-bit ones so cyclic hashing of keys won't reduce security over long period of time (there is no key negotiation in TFC). I also upgraded hashes from Keccak-256 to Keccak-512 and at the same time the Keccak-CTR key size was upgraded to 512-bits. So 1280-bits of symmetric key security in total. As for key generation, CEV now has constant 2kHz sampling speed (1.5M samples are loaded in total), three vN whitening passes and between each of those, Keccak-512 compression with 2:1 ratio (1024 bits in, 512 out). User can now input different entropy from keyboard for each of the eight 512-bit keys generated. Also fixed lots of bugs and typos, and as usual, updated whitepaper and manual where necessary. UI was tweaked slightly: I added cleaner completion messages and some startup animation for the lulz (disable option available in settings). Full update log: https://github.com/maqp/tfc-cev/blob/master/0.5.5%20update%20log.txt

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Re: Karl Rove's confusion about capacity of NSA's Utah data center.
by Cari Machet 25 May '15

25 May '15

On May 25, 2015 9:38 PM, "Cari Machet" <carimachet(a)gmail.com> wrote: > > Oh so sorry jim here: > > http://www.Recode.net/2015/05/24/twitter-suspends-troll-chuck-johnson-are-i… > > Specifically he tweeted: > > 'Go to gotnews.com/donate if you want to give money to taking out @deray.' > > On May 25, 2015 2:34 PM, "John Young" <jya(a)pipeline.com> wrote: >> >> Disks or any electro-mechanical device, may not be the only, or >> principle, means of storage. So capacity may not be the measure >> of capability. >> >> The need for speed of access to and processing of data requires >> the data to be in active memory all the time. Arrayed, large CPU-like >> "chips" or solid state (best is unsolid state) processors make data >> constantly usable, always up to date, no lag time, no wear and tear. >> >> Physical disks use too much energy and require too much architecture >> to rack, interconnect, house, energize, maintain, repair, replace, update. >> And are way too slow and clunky. >> >> However, this doesn't mean Utah Data Center is not useful as a >> Potemkin deception. Or that much of it is Potemkin deception. >> Why else make it so observable during funding, design, construction >> and afterwards a juicy easily photographed, concentrated target of >> sneaky weaponry of hardware, software, sneakerware, hey come >> attack us ware. >> >> Somewhere, in Utah, or the planet, there are data handlers about >> which little is publicly known except as miniaturized examples on >> personal playthings. Meanwhile we are fed out of date fantasies of >> capability based on xxx-bytes of increasingly absurd prefixes which >> are like innumerable angels on pinheads. >> >> One way to spot what's what is to look at the generators of facilities. >> And their fuel tanks. Fully active data require a lot of uninterruptable >> juice. We traced the power lines for UDC and found they lead far >> astray, also Potemkin. Could be the generators and fuel tanks are >> too. >> >> This is not to suggest Snowden pushing crypto and dribbling docs >> are Potemkin. Could be, though, so slow and clunky, so observable, >> and publishable for those willing to suspend disbelief. >> >> >> >> At 12:22 AM 5/25/2015, you wrote: >>> >>> Is Fox News illegal? You'd say it's illegal to deceive people. The sheer quantity of false information on Fox News, and it's popularity, are a serious harm to America. >>> >>> Is it that free markets only perform properly with rational agents? >> >> >>

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Re: Karl Rove's confusion about capacity of NSA's Utah data center.
by John Young 25 May '15

25 May '15

Disks or any electro-mechanical device, may not be the only, or principle, means of storage. So capacity may not be the measure of capability. The need for speed of access to and processing of data requires the data to be in active memory all the time. Arrayed, large CPU-like "chips" or solid state (best is unsolid state) processors make data constantly usable, always up to date, no lag time, no wear and tear. Physical disks use too much energy and require too much architecture to rack, interconnect, house, energize, maintain, repair, replace, update. And are way too slow and clunky. However, this doesn't mean Utah Data Center is not useful as a Potemkin deception. Or that much of it is Potemkin deception. Why else make it so observable during funding, design, construction and afterwards a juicy easily photographed, concentrated target of sneaky weaponry of hardware, software, sneakerware, hey come attack us ware. Somewhere, in Utah, or the planet, there are data handlers about which little is publicly known except as miniaturized examples on personal playthings. Meanwhile we are fed out of date fantasies of capability based on xxx-bytes of increasingly absurd prefixes which are like innumerable angels on pinheads. One way to spot what's what is to look at the generators of facilities. And their fuel tanks. Fully active data require a lot of uninterruptable juice. We traced the power lines for UDC and found they lead far astray, also Potemkin. Could be the generators and fuel tanks are too. This is not to suggest Snowden pushing crypto and dribbling docs are Potemkin. Could be, though, so slow and clunky, so observable, and publishable for those willing to suspend disbelief. At 12:22 AM 5/25/2015, you wrote: >Is Fox News illegal? You'd say it's illegal to deceive people. The >sheer quantity of false information on Fox News, and it's >popularity, are a serious harm to America. > >Is it that free markets only perform properly with rational agents?

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Senate against PATRIOT ACT renewal
by rysiek 23 May '15

23 May '15

Hi, so: http://www.npr.org/2015/05/23/408927009/senate-blocks-patriot-act-extension Mind the spin, though. ;) "The Senate struggled to prevent an interruption in critical government surveillance programs early Saturday, rejecting both a House-passed bill and a short-term extension of the USA Patriot Act. (...) The vote was 57-42, short of the 60-vote threshold to move ahead. That was immediately followed by rejection of a two-month extension to the existing programs. The vote was 45-54, again short of the 60-vote threshold. (...) The Justice Department has said the NSA would begin winding down its collection of domestic calling records this week if the Senate fails to act because the collection takes time to halt." -- Pozdrawiam, Michał "rysiek" Woźniak Zmieniam klucz GPG :: http://rys.io/pl/147 GPG Key Transition :: http://rys.io/en/147

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Dig out your OCR and copier... for PGP part deux
by grarpamp 21 May '15

21 May '15

http://www.itworld.com/article/2925375/security/us-proposes-tighter-export-… The U.S. Commerce Department has proposed tighter export rules for computer security tools, a potentially controversial revision to an international agreement aimed at controlling weapons technology.

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ICWATCH
by rysiek 21 May '15

21 May '15

Interesting: https://icwatch.transparencytoolkit.org/ -- Pozdrawiam, Michał "rysiek" Woźniak Zmieniam klucz GPG :: http://rys.io/pl/147 GPG Key Transition :: http://rys.io/en/147

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Mailpile SMTorP [ref: nexgen P2P email]
by grarpamp 21 May '15

21 May '15

Mailpile is interesting because it moves the concept of "webmail" from the remote service (where the user is nothing more than enslaved cannon fodder) to the user locally as an embeddable daemon. This eliminates the fact that all these new centralised OpenPGP webmail providers will have access to your keys/cleartext, because either: A) it resides there B) the malware they give you to run in your browser gives it away. Mailpile is now looking to deliver directly between onions [1]. https://github.com/mailpile/Mailpile/wiki/SMTorP https://github.com/mailpile/Mailpile/issues/1131 They could probably use some thoughts / hands / review. [1] A model somewhat similar to that outlined in thread "The next gen P2P secure email solution" https://cpunks.org/pipermail/cypherpunks/2013-December/002638.html ... https://cpunks.org/pipermail/cypherpunks/2014-July/004900.html

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Usability studies on encryption and e-mail
by grarpamp 21 May '15

21 May '15

https://github.com/mailpile/Mailpile/issues/1127 "Perform usability studies on encryption and e-mail"

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Rand Paul Filibustering PATRIOT Renewal, Accepts Bitcoin
by grarpamp 21 May '15

21 May '15

Live filibuster video... http://www.c-span.org/video/?326084-1/senator-rand-paul-rky-nsa-surveillanc…

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