So, this method relies on trusting the bank? After all, Alice must include her identity in the messages, so that double spending can be detected later. When the bank verifies that it says 'Alice' and not 'Bozo', then it could keep track of her coins. Is this true? Is there a way of ever having an ananymous cash system where the bank does not have to be trusted at all? What I mean is, where the bank could not possible know the identities of its customers under any circumstances where no violation takes place? Wonderer ------------------------------------------------------------------------- To find out more about the anon service, send mail to help@anon.penet.fi. Due to the double-blind, any mail replies to this message will be anonymized, and an anonymous id will be allocated automatically. You have been warned. Please report any problems, inappropriate use etc. to admin@anon.penet.fi.