Boots wrote:

Anonymous wrote:

...

The manufacturer of the pepper spray used warns that it should be used from a minimum of three feet away, as closer use will result in tissue damage.

http://www.tscm.com/mace.html

Chemical Mace®, A trademark for a mixture of organic chemicals used in aerosol form as a weapon to disable with intense burning pain, blepharospasm, acute bronchitis, and respiratory irritation. -- "American Heritage Dictionary", 1991 i.e. - The police in Humboldt county used 'weapons' against peaceful passive-resisters. Mace is an aerosol weapon (tear gas) that is used to disable violent attackers. i.e. - ibid. What Is Mace Made Of? (Formulations) CN (Original Mace) CS CN/OC Blend CS/OC Blend OC 5.5% OC 10% OC Foam CN -- Chloracetophenone (Lacrimator Agent) Relatively toxic Fast Acting (Upper Respiratory Tract, Lachrymatory, Eyes) Irritating to the Skin (burning and itching sensation) CS -- Orthochlorbenzalmalononitrle (Lacrimator Agent) Extreme burning of the eyes, and flowing tears Stinging sensation on all moist skin Tightness in the chest and throat (Lung and Bronchial Irritant) OC -- Oleoresin of Capsicum (Inflammation Agent) Severe involuntary closing of the eyes/Spasms of Eyelids Severe burning of the eyes, and flowing tears Intense pain on all exposed all skin i.e. - The police *sentenced* unconvicted citizens to receive the *punishment* of *severe* burning and *intense* pain by use of *chemical warfare*. How Does It Work? CN and CS are both irritants and lacrimator agents...if it gets into the respiratory tract is causes severe coughing and choking. ^^^^^^ For CN and CS to work effectively the person being sprayed must be able to feel pain ^^^^ OC on the other hand is a inflammation agent...it causes...the entire respiratory system to seize up and go into spasms. i.e. - Severe Pain and Spasms == Punishment Legalities Any time you use Mace (or any kind of weapon) be prepared to defend yourself in civil or criminal court. Spraying someone with Mace is (by legal definition) an assault, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ and you must be legally justified to spray someone. You can easily go to jail or get sued for misusing a defensive ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ *^^^^^^^^^* spray or any level of physical force. i.e. - If you are a *citizen-unit*. Keep in mind that the use of any kind of defensive weapon could result in death. i.e. - Do the police give a fat rat's ass if they kill the citizens by using *chemical warfare* when it is not necessary, except to perhaps 'teach someone a lesson' by sentencing them to be punished before trial? No. When to Use - Use of Force Ladder Confrontational Avoidance Physical Presence Key Verbal Skills Body Language - Assault is Imminent/Possible Defensive Tactics/Martial Arts/C&R/Open Hand Chemical Weapons Impact Weapons Edged Weapons Firearms i.e. - The word "defensive" is used, time and time again in this evaluation of the proper use of mace. The words *punishment* and *expediency* are, not surpsingly, absent from this discourse. [If you follow the links to the government material on the use of these deadly chemical weapons, you will find constant references to "restraint" of "aggressive" individuals, and as an "alternative" to "physical violence."] About the author: [BTW, he's is trained in "Cryptanalysis"] James M. Atkinson, is an internationally recognized leader and trainer in the field of Technical Surveillance Counter Measures (TSCM), Signals Intelligence (SIGINT), Electronic Surveillance Technology, Telecommunications, Intelligence Acquisition and Analysis, Covert and Tactical Operations, Counterintelligence, Computer and Communications Systems, High Speed Photonic Networking, High Security Locksmithing, Electronic Counterterrorism, Explosives Detection, Chemical Weapons, Security Evaluation, and Consulting. Mr. Atkinson has been trained by the U.S. Government in Intelligence, Covert Operations, Technical Surveillance, and Cryptanalysis. He is a graduate of the Defense Intelligence School and has extensive field experience in military, technical intelligence, and covert operations. He is a veteran with eight years of active duty military service, followed by two years of employment with a U.S. intelligence agency, and holds a Top Secret security clearance. He has completed advanced tactical training, and has been certified as both an Instructor and a Master Instructor of chemical weapons and is literally the person who "teaches the teachers". Mr. Atkinson is also the author of numerous books, including multiple titles related to chemical weapons.