Violence of action requires the protection and violence of action in return. Violence of belief requires the freedom to believe differently. It definitely should not require violence or protection of _action_ in return. Having dispensed with the role of traditional government in the area of social development and civil law :-} what remains is the need for a police force to tackle murders. If I'm murdered (or raped or have my arm minced or whatever), it is physically damaging. I suppose I'd say the same of my house being bombed. I need protection from such things, and the sort of socially accepted protection that won't lead to riots or the law of the jungle. Barricading myself, carrying a Kalashnikov and learning aikido is not enough, not for a civilized society. So I concede the existence of the police. (There is another reason - it is usually practical for the police to trace murderers or arsonists). In cyberspace, there is a 'social upliftment' role. Though initially paid for by various governments, there are a number of organizations that manage to distribute costs efficiently and provide huge service and infrastructure for low rates. There may also be 'civil' suits in cyberspace. Due to digitally signed, undeniable contracts, these should be reduced to only those that involve a breach of contract, rather than a suspicion of invalidity. 'Civil' cases can be sorted out by a cyberjudiciary, and punishment efficiently enforced by a society without any central control. While there have probably been no civil cases on the Net in the traditional sense, there have been situations where the power of distributed control was apparent. For instance, when Richard Depew's ARMM went out and cancelled anon posts on USENET, there was universal outrage. His punishment required no central 'law enforcer' - it was just the threat of posts from his site being cancelled that did it. And this would not have been possible without general, widespread agreement with the 'verdict' - as anyone not enforcing it would risk similar punishment from the large majority. Continued... Rishab ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rishab Aiyer Ghosh "Clean the air! clean the sky! wash the wind! rishab@dxm.ernet.in take stone from stone and wash them..." Voice/Fax/Data +91 11 6853410 Voicemail +91 11 3760335 H 34C Saket, New Delhi 110017, INDIA