From: hfinney@shell.portal.com
In U.S. v Martinez, Elizabeth Martinez and her fiance were convicted of violating the Arms Export Control Act by exporting cryptographic hardware, namely "Videocipher II" video descrambling devices.
I would guess that they have good grounds for an appeal now that the ITAR has been changed to except the VideocypherII (unless they were exporting studio or professional quality equipment): FEDERAL REGISTER VOL. 58, No. 139 Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF STATE Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs 22 CFR Parts 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, and 130 [Public Notice 1832] Amendments to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations Part II 58 FR 39280 DATE: Thursday, July 22, 1993 ... Enumeration of Articles 121.1 -- General. The United States munitions list. (a) The following articles, services and related technical data are designated as defense articles and defense services pursuant to sections 38 and 47(7) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778 and 2794(7)). Changes in designations will be published in the Federal Register. Information and clarifications on whether specific items are defense articles and services unde this subchapter may appear periodically in the Defense Trade News published by the Center for Defense Trade. ... Category XIII-Auxiliary Military Equipment (a) Cameras... (b) Information Security Systems and equipment, cryptographic devices, software, and components specifically designed or modified therefor, including: (1) Cryptographic (including key management) systems, equipment, assemblies, modules, integrated circuits, components or software with the capability of maintaining secrecy or confidentiality of information or information systems, except cryptographic equipment and software as follows: ... (viii) Limited to receiving for radio broadcast, pay television or similar restricted audience television of the consumer type, without digital encryption and where digital decryption is limited to the video, audio or management functions. (The VideocypherII falls here) What were the dates of the conviction and appellate court decisions?