This is that Council of Europe "Ban Crypto" paper. It is of course nothing like what it is claimed to be http://www.privacy.org/pi/intl_orgs/coe/info_tech_1995.html In particular: 6. The law should permit investigating authorities to avail themselves of all necessary technical measures that enable the collection of traffic data in the investigation of crimes. "COLLECTION" - not comprehension 8. Criminal procedure laws should be reviewed with a view to making possible the interception of telecommunications and the collection of traffic data in the investigation of serious offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of telecommunications or computer systems. This is simply to fix the German data protection laws and similar, some of which might prevent a sysop monitoring a hacker on a system they were hacking. I think the majority of the text is well thought out and very much in line with what we would want. The piece on encryption is a cop out to please the French and Dutch. Read it carefully and you will see it says absolutely nothing. We have been had again... Rule number one of politics, always assume that the enemy are misrepresenting their case. Council of Europe declarations are almost always implemented because they say almost nothing. It is a very clear statement of some concerns which it would be nice if the US authorities understood - separation of search and seizure. This is not a trend in which Europe is following the US. We are simply thinking about the effect of technology on law enforcement rather than reacting to its effects. Found this written up in cipher, well worth a visit. http://www.itd.nrl.navy.mil/ITD/5540/ieee/cipher/ -- Phillip M. Hallam-Baker Not speaking for anoyone else hallam@w3.org http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/People/hallam.html Information Superhighway -----> Hi-ho! Yow! I'm surfing Arpanet!