27 Highlights to "3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Mobile
   Telecommunications Technology on the Moon"
   [1]https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dKOj-Yg-h4c1ZjPhDel3aO0OIIxCKiOq/vi
   ew?usp=drivesdk
   Abstract— Under NASA’s Artemis program, NASA is planning
   to send astronauts back to the Moon in the next couple of years.
   Near term missions will be analogous but much more
   sophisticated versions of the last couple of Apollo missions.
   However, unlike Apollo, this time NASA intends to put the
   infrastructure in place to support long term human presence
   and eventual industrialization of the Moon. To make this vision
   a reality, NASA plans to collaborate with commercial and
   international partners as much as possible as opposed to
   developing, building, and operating equipment on its own.
   Lunar infrastructure will eventually be built over time by many
   organizations, public and private, to support sustained human
   exploration, science, and industrial activities. Obviously, this
   vision for the future will be impossible without a robust lunar
   communications and navigation system that can support many
   users with varying degrees of services. On Earth, most people
   are very familiar with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project
   (3GPP) 5G mobile telecommunications technology. NASA’s
   Space Technology Mission Directorate and NASA’s Space
   Communications and Navigation office would like to see a lunar
   communications and navigation network with similar
   capabilities to the cellular communication networks most of us
   enjoy today. Building such a network will require participation
   by many organizations. This paper will provide an overview of
   NASA’s interest in using 5G and beyond on the lunar surface;
   it will also describe current work based on 3GPP standards
   within NASA or funded by NASA, such as Nokia’s upcoming
   Tipping Point demonstration of 4G / LTE on the lunar surface.
   6. SUMMARY
   In the not-so-distant future, there will be a sustained human
   and robotic presence on the Moon. As called out in NASA’s
   “Moon To Mars Objectives” that was recently published, a
   robust communications and navigation infrastructure will be
   required to support and enable this vision. Like the Earth’s
   internet, this infrastructure will need to increase in size and
   probably complexity as the number of users and applications
   grow. This “Lunar Internet of Things” will be a combination
   of networks and services with multiple provider systems,
   owned and operated by a combination of international and
   commercial entities. LunaNet is NASA’s overall architecture
   that envisions this robust communications and navigation
   infrastructure. A key component will be a lunar surface
   wireless network to support this upcoming sustained human
   and robotic presence. The authors believe that 3GPP cellular
   technologies and standards provide the ideal solution for this
   lunar surface wireless network. A space qualified lunar 3GPP
   network provides increased sustainable data rates, range,
   mobility, reliability, and scalability over other wireless
   technologies such as Wi-Fi, and fills a crucial role in the
   overall LunaNet architecture to bring the lunar surface closer
   to Earth.

References

   1. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dKOj-Yg-h4c1ZjPhDel3aO0OIIxCKiOq/view?usp=drivesdk