On Saturday, July 24, 2021, 12:18:28 PM PDT, grarpamp
   <grarpamp@gmail.com> wrote:

   > float them to the shores, catapult, RC drone or balloon drop
   [1]https://nypost.com/2021/07/19/could-balloons-power-uncensored-intern
   et-in-cuba/
   >Tethered 12NM out at sea with altitude line of sight,
   >well within any cpunks Bitcoin fun budget,
   >challenge to keep WiFi steadily aimed,
   >consider long kite tail stabilization, gimbal mount...
   Jim Bell's suggestion:
   The balloon could use hydrogen.  The night operation could employ that
   hydrogen in a fuel-cell for energy, oxygen from the atmosphere.
   This would be reversed during the day electrolyzing water to regenerate
   the hydrogen gas.  The water could be obtained by dessicating it out of
   the atmosphere with a deliquiescent dessicant, perhaps concentrated
   sulfuric acid.
   [2]Fuel cell

                                  Fuel cell

      A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical
              energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidi...

   [3]Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell

                     Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell

      PEMFCs are built out of membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) which
              include the electrodes, electrolyte, catalyst,...

   Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), also known as [4]polymer
   electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, are a type of [5]fuel cell being
   developed mainly for transport applications, as well as
   for [6]stationary fuel-cell applications and [7]portable fuel-cell
   applications. Their distinguishing features include lower
   temperature/pressure ranges (50 to 100 °C) and a special
   proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane. PEMFCs generate
   electricity and operate on the opposite principle to [8]PEM
   electrolysis, which consumes electricity. They are a leading candidate
   to replace the aging [9]alkaline fuel-cell technology, which was used
   in the [10]Space Shuttle.^[11][1]

   PEMFCs are built out of [12]membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) which
   include the electrodes, electrolyte, catalyst, and gas diffusion
   layers. An ink of catalyst, carbon, and electrode are sprayed or
   painted onto the solid electrolyte and carbon paper is hot pressed on
   either side to protect the inside of the cell and also act as
   electrodes. The pivotal part of the cell is the triple phase boundary
   (TPB) where the electrolyte, catalyst, and reactants mix and thus where
   the cell reactions actually occur.^[13][2] Importantly, the membrane
   must not be electrically conductive so the half reactions do not mix.
   Operating temperatures above 100 °C are desired^[[14]citation
   needed] so the water byproduct becomes steam and water management
   becomes less critical in cell design.

Reactions[[15]edit]

   Further information: [16]Fuel cell

   A proton exchange membrane fuel cell transforms the [17]chemical
   energy liberated during the [18]electrochemical reaction of hydrogen
   and oxygen to [19]electrical energy, as opposed to the
   direct [20]combustion of hydrogen and oxygen gases to
   produce [21]thermal energy.

References

   Visible links
   1. https://nypost.com/2021/07/19/could-balloons-power-uncensored-internet-in-cuba/
   2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell
   3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-exchange_membrane_fuel_cell
   4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-exchange_membrane
   5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell
   6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationary_fuel-cell_applications
   7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell#Portable_power_systems
   8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEM_electrolysis
   9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_fuel_cell
  10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle
  11. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-exchange_membrane_fuel_cell#cite_note-NTRS-1
  12. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_electrode_assembly
  13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-exchange_membrane_fuel_cell#cite_note-Millington-2
  14. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed
  15. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proton-exchange_membrane_fuel_cell&action=edit&section=2
  16. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell
  17. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_energy
  18. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical
  19. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_energy
  20. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion
  21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_energy

   Hidden links:
  23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell
  24. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-exchange_membrane_fuel_cell