‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Original Message ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ On Wednesday, January 13, 2021 7:25 PM, jim bell wrote: ... sprinkling capsaicin into the precursor of methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) perovskite during the manufacturing process led to a greater abundance of electrons (instead of empty placeholders) to conduct current at the semiconductor's surface. (End of quote) Jim Bell's comment: Evidently, a careless person holding a taco got too close to the solar cell production line. this is pretty hilarious :P i've always been amusing by serendipitous scientific discoveries. like LSD, microwaves, vulcanized rubber, and corn flakes *grin* best regards,