Jim Bell meets Sumitomo Electric at Seattle.
   I am driving to Seattle today to meet executives from Sumitomo
   Electric. [1]https://global-sei.com/     They are one of the major
   manufacturers of optical waveguides.  (fiber optics).
   [2]https://global-sei.com/products/optical-fiber/
   Sumitomo Electric has the distinction of having achieved the world
   record for optical waveguide loss, currently about 0.1419 dB/kilometer
   at 1560 nanometers.  (This is apparently a laboratory result, not
   production.)
   [3]https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=8267035
   It beats one of its biggest competitors, Corning
   [4]https://www.corning.com/worldwide/en/products/communication-networks
   /products/fiber/optical-fiber-resource-center/fiber-matters-videos-and-
   tutorials.html   primarily because Sumitomo employs a pure-silica fiber
   core, with a fluorine-doped cladding, whereas Corning has long employed
   a pure-silica cladding, with the core doped with germanium.    One of
   Sumitomo's fibers, Z+150 has a production loss of  0.152 dB/km
   One of Corning's fibers,   has a specified loss of less than 0.17 dB/km
   at 1550 nanometers wavelength.  (A production result, not laboratory.)
   Into this 30 year+ competition I come, like a veritable bull in the
   technical china-shop.  I got the attention of Sumitomo by using
   LinkedIn to send about 100 of their employees on Monday (as well as a
   couple thousand others at Corning, YOFC, OFS, Prysmian, ZTT, Hengtong,
   Nokia, Fujikura, Furukawa, Futong, Fiberhome, Ciena, Huawei Marine, and
   SubCom) a statement:
   "Your company should be selling a silica single-mode optical waveguide
   with a loss of 0.001 dB/kilometer. You'll think that's impossible but I
   know how to do it.
   [5]https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/optical-waveguide-0001-dbkm-loss-even
   -10x-less-jim-bell [6]https://daltonium.com/optical-fiber/
   (What I have not yet mentioned is my belief that rather than the usual
   silica-fiber transmission "sweet spot" being about 1500-1600
   nanometers, useful transmission will likely occur from 600-2000+
   nanometer wavelength. This will keep fiber transmitter and receiver
   manufacturers busy for years!)
   Well, THAT got Sumitomo's attention !!!  What I proposed amounted to,
   in their industry, a leprechaun saddled on a unicorn, itself standing
   on the back of a winged-pig.  Flying.
                             Jim Bell

References

   1. https://global-sei.com/
   2. https://global-sei.com/products/optical-fiber/
   3. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=8267035
   4. https://www.corning.com/worldwide/en/products/communication-networks/products/fiber/optical-fiber-resource-center/fiber-matters-videos-and-tutorials.html
   5. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/optical-waveguide-0001-dbkm-loss-even-10x-less-jim-bell
   6. https://daltonium.com/optical-fiber/