On 3/26/19 4:48 PM, Kurt Buff - GSEC, GCIH wrote: On Tue, Mar 26, 2019 at 4:35 PM coderman [1] wrote: Or the global cost of decentralized abuses. Which could be, and used to be, wor se. Name your abuse of choice: it's worse when it's being done everywhere to / by everyone. let's play a game: centralized power to redress cultural wrongs. assuming that Stephen is speaking of social concerns; a centralized action desig ned to redress cultural norms could be righteous, right? who can say "Brown v. Board of Education" was not the arc of history? these are the seductions of centralization - when they accomplish easily what is hard fought directly. to think that centralized power is only utilized for righteous ends is to succum b to the fallacy. no, decentralized malicious actions are not as bad as centralized ones. they are , by definition, limited. e.g. within the realm of direct intervention. Each may seem limited, but in aggregate, their available bandwidth exceeds the restricted bandwidth of centralized failures. Debugging is much easier in your scalable Docker app stack running in AWS then a million individual IoT programs running autonomously distributed and uncoordinated. best regards, Three quotes from a man of wisdom, which seem apropos here: The danger is not that a particular class is unfit to govern. Every class is unfit to govern. - Lord Acton It is bad to be oppressed by a minority, but it is worse to be oppressed by a majority. For there is a reserve of latent power in the masses which, if it is called into play, the minority can seldom resist. But from the absolute will of an entire people there is no appeal, no redemption, no refuge but treason. - Lord Acton There is no worse heresy than that the office sanctifies the holder of it. - Lord Acton +1 Kurt sdw References 1. mailto:coderman@protonmail.com