I'd say they are referring to some kind of protocol, network or
   application fingerprint.

   For example, all connections to standard VPN ports.

   On Aug 2, 2013 12:28 PM, "Lee Azzarello" <[1]lee@guardianproject.info>
   wrote:

     Do you think Amazon and Rackspace count as "VPN Startups"?
     -lee
     On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 7:27 AM, Faraz <[2]faraz_mah@lavabit.com>
     wrote:
     > What's are peoples take on slide 17?
     >
     > "Show me all VPN startups in country X, and give me data so I can
     > decrypt and discover user"
     >
     [3]http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jul/31/nsa-xkey
     score-program-full-presentation
     >

References

   1. mailto:lee@guardianproject.info
   2. mailto:faraz_mah@lavabit.com
   3. http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jul/31/nsa-xkeyscore-program-full-presentation