Crypto-Anarchism
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Crypto-anarchism
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Parallel Polis, or the Institute of cryptoanarchy in Prague, 2022
Crypto-anarchism or cyberanarchism[1] is a political ideology focusing
on protection of privacy, political freedom, and economic freedom, the
adherents of which use cryptographic software for confidentiality and
security while sending and receiving information over computer
networks.[2][3] In his 1988 "Crypto Anarchist Manifesto", Timothy C.
May introduced the basic principles of crypto-anarchism, encrypted
exchanges ensuring total anonymity, total freedom of speech, and total
freedom to trade.[4]
Contents
1 Terminology
2 Motives
3 Anonymous trading
4 See also
5 Notes
6 Further reading
Terminology
"Crypto-" comes from the Ancient Greek κρυπτός kruptós, meaning
"hidden" or "secret".[5] This is a different use of the prefix than
that employed in words like 'crypto-fascist' or 'crypto-Jew' where it
indicates that the identity itself is concealed from the world;
rather, many crypto-anarchists are open about their anarchism and
promotion of tools based in cryptology.
Motives
One motive of crypto-anarchists is to defend against surveillance of
computer networks communication. Crypto-anarchists try to protect
against government mass surveillance, such as PRISM, ECHELON, Tempora,
telecommunications data retention, the NSA warrantless surveillance
controversy, Room 641A, the FRA and so on. Crypto-anarchists consider
the development and use of cryptography to be the main defense against
such problems.[6]
Anonymous trading
Bitcoin is a currency generated and secured by peer-to-peer networked
devices that maintain a communal record of all transactions within the
system that can be used in a crypto-anarchic context. Adrian Chen,
writing for The New York Times, says the idea behind bitcoin can be
traced to The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto.[7] Silk Road was an example
of an illegal drug market on which bitcoin was the only accepted
currency.[7]
Assassination Market was a Tor-based darknet market operated by a
self-described crypto-anarchist going by the pseudonym Kuwabatake
Sanjuro.[8]
In The Cyphernomicon, Timothy C. May suggests that crypto-anarchism
qualifies as a form of anarcho-capitalism:
What emerges from this is unclear, but I think it will be a form
of anarcho-capitalist market system I call "crypto-anarchy."[9]
Another quote in The Cyphernomicon defines crypto-anarchism. Under the
title "What is Crypto Anarchy?", May writes:
Some of us believe various forms of strong cryptography will cause
the power of the state to decline, perhaps even collapse fairly
abruptly. We believe the expansion into cyberspace, with secure
communications, digital money, anonymity and pseudonymity, and other
crypto-mediated interactions, will profoundly change the nature of
economies and social interactions. Governments will have a hard time
collecting taxes, regulating the behavior of individuals and
corporations (small ones at least), and generally coercing folks when
it can't even tell what continent folks are on![10]
See also
Jim Bell - Originator of the idea of assassination politics
Cypherpunk
Technolibertarianism
Notes
"What does cyberanarchism mean?". www.definitions.net. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
May, Timothy C. (December 2014). "Crypto Anarchy and Virtual
Communities". Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved
2021-01-22.
Cryptoanarchism and Cryptocurrencies. Philosophy & Methodology of
Economics eJournal. Social Science Research Network (SSRN). Accessed
29 March 2021.
"The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto". www.activism.net. Archived from
the original on 2019-11-14. Retrieved 2019-03-17.
May 1994, section 19.4.29.
Albano, Alessandra (2019-09-29). "Autonomous Distributed Networks:
The Unfulfilled Libertarian Dream of Breaking Free from Regulations".
Rochester, NY. SSRN 3461166.
Chen, Adrian (26 November 2013). "Much Ado About Bitcoin".
International New York Times. Archived from the original on 10
December 2013.
Greenberg, Andy (18 November 2013), "Meet the 'Assassination
Market' Creator Who's Crowdfunding Murder with Bitcoins", Forbes,
archived from the original on 10 December 2013
May 1994, section 2.3.4.
May 1994, section 2.13.1.
Works cited
May, Timothy C. (1994), The Cyphernomicon, archived from the
original on 22 August 2013
Further reading
Barlow, John Perry (February 1996), A Declaration of the
Independence of Cyberspace, archived from the original on 23 October
2013
Vinge, Vernor; Frankel, James (2001), True Names: And the Opening
of the Cyberspace Frontier, Tor Books
Jara Vera, Vicente (2022), New Directions in Crypto-Politics
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Talk:Crypto-anarchism
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Archives
Archive 1
Symbol of crypto-anarchism
I have never seen the symbol "used by crypt-anarchists" that is
depicted on the page before. No reference or anything. I was about to
remove it, but I will give it a chance.. Omnissiahs hierophant (talk)
10:15, 3 May 2020 (UTC)[reply]
Later: I removed it. · · · Omnissiahs hierophant (talk) 19:17, 1
September 2020 (UTC)[reply]
"Crypto-libertarianism" listed at Redirects for discussion
Information.svg A discussion is taking place to address the redirect
Crypto-libertarianism. The discussion will occur at
Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 March
26#Crypto-libertarianism until a consensus is reached, and readers of
this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion.
Vaticidalprophet 00:29, 26 March 2021 (UTC)[reply]
"Cryptolibertarian" listed at Redirects for discussion
Information.svg A discussion is taking place to address the redirect
Cryptolibertarian. The discussion will occur at Wikipedia:Redirects
for discussion/Log/2021 March 26#Crypto-libertarianism until a
consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to
contribute to the discussion. Vaticidalprophet 00:29, 26 March 2021
(UTC)[reply]
Talk:Crypto-anarchism/Archive 1
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< Talk:Crypto-anarchism
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This page is an archive of past discussions. Do not edit the contents
of this page. If you wish to start a new discussion or revive an old
one, please do so on the current talk page.
Contents
1 See also for anarcho-capitalism, but not anarchism?
2 "Online" philosophy
3 Crypto-anarchism & anarcho-capitalism
4 Anarchism template not appropriate
5 Template
6 Big-tent anarchism
7 Low-level, yet practical and pragmatical issues
8 Illegal in russia
9 Say What???
10 Anarchists and copyrights, terrorism, child pornography
11 umm
12 How strange
13 This should include both types of anarchism
14 Etymology
15 Anarcho-Capitalism?
16 Wrong Dark Market
See also for anarcho-capitalism, but not anarchism?
Crypto-anarcho-capitalists really seems to be just one subset of
people who want to use cryptography to increase their autonomy and
privacy. Since cryptography is about the protection of information,
why does that information have to coincide with just the information
shared by anarcho-capitalists? -rw, july 3, 2007
Is there a reason that there is a see also for anarcho-capitalism and
not anarchism? Unless this is solely an anarcho-capitalist thing,
which it doesn't seem to be, I think there should just be a see also
for the anarchism page. --Sam 20:47 8 Jun 2003 (UTC)
I'm not too well studied in crypto-anarchism, but the article
discusses the use of money within the crypto-anarchist communites.
Almost all anarchist ideaologies outside of anarcho-capitalism call
for the abolition of money. This might have something to do with it.
Tomorrowsashes 22:36, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)
But u'll find way too many "anarcho"-capitalists in crypto-communities...
I do NOT agree. I actually did a research on that (I asked
everyone i got in touch with for a week or so in duck's IRC-server in
the I2P-network). Most people are anarchists. // b
Anarcho-capitalism and traditional anarchism are two very
different things. Anarchists are not necessarily opposed to
cryptography, but crypto-anarchism seems to postulate that total
liberation can be achieved solely through cryptography, which is
something anarchists vehemently disagree with. Crypto-anarchism has no
critical analysis of eg capitalism, the role of the state in
maintaining and upholding it, religion, sexism, racism, homophobia,
etc ad nauseam. -- Bk0 00:36, 19 Mar 2005 (UTC)
that is a bit like complaining you can't rebuild your transmission
with a single wrench; crypto-anarchism was never intended as some sort
of all encompassing worldview, but more as a tool by which individuals
could trade and communicate outside the control of the state. Though
naturally appealing to anarcho-capitalists, I don't think
crypto-anarchism has a lot to say about broad philosophical ideas. If
you find a crypto-anarchist, he (and let's face it, you know he's
male) probably has a much broader range of ideas of which
crypto-anarchism is merely a subset. —This unsigned comment was added
by 141.154.36.3 (talk • contribs) .
"Online" philosophy
"Crypto-anarchism is an online philosophy" What exactly is an "online"
philosophy? Philosophy is philosophy, right?
Crypto-anarchism & anarcho-capitalism
How can crypto-anarchism be tied to anarcho-capitalism? The two
philosophies are incompatible. Anarcho-capitalism cannot work without
enforcement of property rights, I am correct? Now can anyone exlplain
to me how on earth they would enforce their intellectual property
rights if there is no way of knowing who is stealing their
intellectual property? Ok, you could enforce those rights outside the
digital realm. But crypto-anarchism is a philosophy applicable to
digital realm, and the digital realm only. Or you could say
anarcho-capitalism only applies to non-intellectual property such as
electronic money. But if intellectual property is no longer traded as
property then you no longer have anarcho-capitalism. Then you have
just plain anarchism. In the digital realm at least. Let's be
realistic, people. I'll comment this statement out. Unless someone
comes up with a less self-contradictory argument. 137.222.40.132
11:57, 18 Mar 2005 (UTC)
Your argument makes sense to me, but apparently it doesn't to
crypto-anarchists. I don't know how they'd enforce anything, either.
On the other hand, most "traditional" anarchists would oppose the use
of money. Maybe this is a distinct group. I'd never heard of it until
now. Dave 18:48, Mar 20, 2005 (UTC)
One could logically have private property rights in physical
objects, but not IP rights. I'm not sure such a system woudl work, and
I'm not sure if that is what the crypto-anarchists are proposing
either, btu the positions "there must be enforcement of property
rights" need not imply "there must be enforacable rights to IP" any
more than it must imply "there must be slavery". Not all things need
be property in order that some things are. DES 01:37, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
If information cannot be property, it's hard to imagine
how capitalism could ever function realistically in a modern
knowledge/service economy. 137.222.40.132 11:47, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Frankly I find it hard to imagine any of the proposed
versions of anarcho-capitalism working very well or for very long, and
also hard to imagine any of them coming into being starting from our
current situation. I don't find adding the idea there there are
property rights in physical things and services, but not in
information, making the basic idea much more implausible. DES 16:06,
21 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Here is the commented statement; probably better to move it here than
have it lurk as a comment:
Crypto-anarchism is generally regarded to be separate from the
traditional body of anarchist or libertarian socialist theory, with
much closer ties to the philosophy of anarcho-capitalism. However,
crypto-anarchism undermines the concept of intellectual property.
Without private property capitalism cannot exist.
— Matt Crypto 11:35, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)
I disageee with this comment, see above. How about:
Crypto-anarchism is generally regarded to be separate from
the traditional body of anarchist or libertarian socialist theory,
with much closer ties to the philosophy of anarcho-capitalism.
However, crypto-anarchism undermines the concept of intellectual
property. Anarcho-capitalism is generally sympathetic to enforcable
proerpty rights of all sorts, and this means that the two philosophies
may not be consistant. DES 01:37, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
I have another idea about that: Crypto-anarchism and
Anarcho-capitalism IS compatible, in a sence. You cannot enforce any
laws on intellectual property, you are right with that, and at that
point the two philosophies are incompatible. However, crypto-anarchism
does make it possible to create an unregulated market. Crypto-anarchy
gives the anarcho-capitalists free access to that market. For example,
the DMT-bank, unfortunatly now closed, made it possible to trade about
anything without any regulations what so ever. That perticular
DMT-market and all services connected to it was without (an-) any
central leader/goverment (-arch), and it was completely capitalistic
in its nature. Thus, crypto-anarchism brings us anarcho-capitalism.
Also, a company cannot make use of stolen information in the same
sence that an individual can use it. If a company steals code from
another company, and use it in their products, there is a really large
risk that their crime will be found out. That way, as long as there
exist laws "in the real world" there will allways be some sort of
information-market. Also consider the Ripple monetary system, a system
like that is pretty much anarcho-capitalistic in its nature if you ask
me. There is nothing that stops you from moving that concept into the
encrypted networks to let pseudonyms trust eachother..
I am an anarchist and I am highly _against_ this crypto-anarchism,
I saw this thing as mainly a anarcho-capitalist (capitalist the worst)
thing. But I like the way anarcho-capitalists have plunged their heads
in the wall by contradicting themselfs... I dont like cryptography or
any other philosophy which makes it harder for people to communicate
openly, it is hard enough making ourself understood, besides having
people communicating over crypto channels separates most members of a
society from each other thus making them vulnerable for biggots, hrm
authorities... just my thoughts and no cents. :) Foant 15:40, 15
January 2006 (UTC)[reply]
How does cryptography make it harder to communicate openly?
Anybody wanting to communicate openly still has that option; you don't
have to use cryptography just because it's available. Its availability
merely adds the option of communicating in a less-open way in
instances where this may be desirable, for instance when planning
something that outside authorities might disrupt or interfere with if
it's not concealed. *Dan T.* 16:08, 15 January 2006 (UTC)[reply]
First question: By requiering people to use technology.
See the primitivist article for why technology sucks. Cryptography
isnt used by people to evade authoroties its used by authorities...
Speakers have to take extra steps to make their message come thru,
simply as that...
Speakers have to take extra steps to make their
message interception-resistant. Cryptography is used along the entire
history, it evolved together with communication, only the form
differs. Involvement of sophisticated algorithms is only a matter of
the arms race in development of computing machines. Vigenere's cipher,
a pen-and-paper low-tech kind, was good enough during the medieval
times. One-time pads can be realized even today, without computers
too, and the only problem is that the key distribution is a bitch. It
is about the adversary you are facing, and their technical resources.
--Shaddack 00:14, 18 January 2006 (UTC)[reply]
I wasnt talking about the 1000 or 5500 years
earlier, I was reffering to the time when we didnt even have written
systems. That is, before ~4 000BC and all the way to 5 million years
ago when the first proto-humans evolved. See humans never where like
individuals who then decided to form some groups or societies because
of mutual benefit, humans and even proto-humans and probably creatures
before them evolved within groups, and one of those things which
qualifys social animals is the fact that they communicate very much. I
see a difference between the cryptographical uses of todays
communication with that which was before, and still is now, which is
happening right here, that is that two members or more speak and are
heard by the rest which enables them aswell to make comments and
improve the discoussin and conclusions. This woudlnt have been
possible with usages of cryptography, now dont tell me that this can
be done over encrypted channels (it can be done), sure, but you then
forget the idea behind cryptography, that is to exclude others from a
communication channel. Here basically noone is excluded. Foant 18:38,
18 January 2006 (UTC)[reply]
You are right. You are perfectly correct in
context of face-to-face communication within more or less isolated
groups. Crypto-anarchism is intended for entirely different setting,
where the group participants are geographically distant, dispersed
within other groups potentially hostile to the sub-group. The
technology involved enables free communication within the sub-group
within a designated cipherspace, while denying its content (and in
some cases even the very fact the communication takes place) to all
non-members. --Shaddack 05:34, 22 January 2006 (UTC)[reply]
(Answer to the one above Shaddack) That is just
bullshit. This kind of cryptography (crypto-anarchism style
cryptography) is not used by authorities. It is used by libertarians,
anarchists and so on.. Where do you get the idea that it forces people
into using it? It seems absolutly absurd. -- Idiotbastard
Anarchism template not appropriate
Since—according to the discussion here—neither the anarcho-capitalists
nor the traditional anarchists are willing to vouch for
crypto-anarchism (for good reasons), I don't see how the current
Anarchism template is appropriate. In all honesty crypto-anarchism
seems to me like a fairly underdeveloped idea that a few people came
up with pretty recently, instead of the rich political/social
philosophy with 150 years of history that anarchism is. I vote for
immediate removal of the template while retaining the See Also section
which can contain whatever links are deemed useful. -- Bk0 03:03, 31
Mar 2005 (UTC)
Agree:
Dave 03:07, Mar 31, 2005 (UTC): As far as I can tell, the only
thing "crypto-anarchism" has in common with either anarchism or
anarcho-capitalism is the last nine letters, and possibly a very small
overlap in supporters.
Foant 11:20, 17 January 2006 (UTC)[reply]
Disagree:
Revolutionary Left | Che y Marijuana 22:47, Apr 3, 2005 (UTC): I
don't see what is the issue here, even infoshop follows the free
software movement and the digital attack on property very closely. It
is quite clear that this page should still have a template, and
furthermore, that it should be developed further to explore the
connections between it and anarchism. It should also be expanded
beyond the simple money issue, as that is not the only aspect of
crypto-anarchism. I'll be doing more research on this though.
Disagree: Those anarcho-capitalists that uses the benefits of
crypto-anarchism has probably accepted that it is impossible to hinder
"them" (me included) to steal intellectual property. Cope with the
technological evolution -- Or go extingt/bankrupt. I think that it is
allmost part of the anarchocapitalist idea to accept new stuff. For
example, there is child pornography in the freenet-network, and noone
can stop it. Not even all-mighty-USA. It is impossible to stop it
unless you outlaw cryptography, and that is not going to happen.
Anarcho-capitalists that is using the crypto-networks (I2P, TOR, IIP,
and all those freeheavens) have probably realized that they just have
to accept this, and that there is benefits to it too -- You can trade
anonymously through all those anonymous banks (Yodel, and all the
e-gold-banks)...
I'm not sure what anon is saying here, but I gather he/she's
arguing that crypto-anarchism is a sub-category of anarcho-capitalism.
I'm trying to be generous to anarcho-capitalism in assuming that it is
not wholly dependent upon crytography and computer technology, but I
confess that I don't know enough to say that with certainty.
Nevertheless, the comments in the above discussions tend to argue
against what anon seems to be saying. --Bk0 16:32, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
Template
The notion that the libertarian template belongs here is likewise
questionable. Libertarians are like the political variant of that
religious sect which gets carried away with evangelizing themselves
everywhere, even to claim ownership over topics in anarchism. Anarchy
by definition is hard to delineate, but it best described as a
directive toward no government. Libertarianism claims to be all things
to all people and hence its natural that the related template keeps
popping up everywhere. I argue to use the anarchy topicbox or none at
all. -SV|t 04:20, 28 May 2005 (UTC)[reply]
I agree. Remove it. Use none at all 137.222.40.132 13:27, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Big-tent anarchism
The very existence of crypto-anarchism, and the fact that people are
bickering inconclusively about whether it belongs under traditional
anarchism, anarcho-capitalism, all of the above, or none of the above,
argues for having the main anarchism article be of a "big tent"
nature, defining anarchism broadly and generically instead of a
particular subsect or movement of it, and hence encompassing
anarcho-capitalism, anarcho-socialism, and also crypto-anarchism
(whether one might regard it as capitalist, socialist, both, or
neither). *Dan* 16:14, Jun 21, 2005 (UTC)
Keep your Anarchism POV war over there, if you don't mind. --Bk0
22:53, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Low-level, yet practical and pragmatical issues
Yodelbank.com has ceased to exist [in Jan.2006 ]. I don't know whether
it was evil effort of world governments to stop anonymous money, or
lack of public interest to anonymous digital cash or simply lack of
real-world ca$h to run domain. Nevertheless, I suggest to remove link
as I do not see any argument to believe it will appear again in
feasible future.silpol 11:49, 23 February 2007 (UTC)[reply]
Illegal in russia
It is just plain wrong. Cryptography is not illegal in Russia. It is
illegal to use non-certified cryptographyc tools for information which
contain state secrets, some other protected forms of information and
the like. Private bussiness (except banks and goverment contactors)
and ordinary citizens free to use anyithing. So, I delete this remark.
—Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.106.194.106 (talk) 17:58, 7
November 2007 (UTC)[reply]
Say What???
In the Plausible Deniability section, it says
"Because summary punishment for crimes are illegal"
Where? I'll bet there are any number of countries where it's not only
legal, but the norm.
The norm is always wrong.
*Septegram*Talk*Contributions* 05:01, 13 March 2008 (UTC)[reply]
Anarchists and copyrights, terrorism, child pornography
Crypto-anarchism is often criticized for making it easy and safe
to illegally share files such as copyrighted movies and music.
Depending on the software used, these types of systems facilitate easy
access to large quantities of child pornography.
It is also very easy for criminals to make use of the networks to
coordinate sabotage and terrorism. Assassination markets is a good
example of the way in which crypto-anarchism could be used to these
ends.[3] Crypto-anarchists acknowledge that such freedom could be
abused by criminals, but claim that criminals are already
communicating anonymously, so that the networks will just bring the
benefits of privacy and freedom of anonymity to ordinary people.
...so, presumably anarchists would care about breaking the law merely
because it is breaking the law, and consider such 'criminals' to be
abusing the system? This is pretty inconcievable, given that
anarchists generally consider states and repressive organs
illegitimate and opressive. Surely a consistently anarchist doctrine
would respond saying how it was a good thing to allow people to break
copyrights - far less radical ppl, like Richard Stallman would
consider such sharing a good thing, a substantial number of anarchists
are communists, and depending on definition all or most are socialist
- and this has certainly been so historically, so theyd not care of
protecting fictitous new forms of property, but moreover destroying
even existing forms; and also like, for instance, the FreeNet project,
would defend child pornography and terrorist coordination on the
grounds of freedom of speech ("The true test of someone who claims to
believe in Freedom of Speech is whether they tolerate speech which
they disagree with, or even find disgusting. "
http://freenetproject.org/faq.html#copyright and "This is important,
most people fail to see or address this point when debating the issue
of copyright, so let me make it clear: You cannot guarantee freedom of
speech and enforce copyright law. It is for this reason that Freenet,
a system designed to protect Freedom of Speech, must prevent
enforcement of copyright" http://freenetproject.org/philosophy.html).
And these dont even proclaim to be anarchists. Heres an individualist
anarchist critique of the concept of 'intellectual property'
http://www.libertarian.co.uk/lapubs/libhe/libhe023.pdf
As far as terrorism goes, well, though having a critique of common
terrorism (i.e. targeting of or not caring if one kills innocent
people), anarchism has historically not accepted the state monopoly on
violence either. Anarchist have done 'propaganda of deed', frequently
involving illegal acts like property destructions, and in some cases,
political assasinations , and Bakunin called for creation of 'sectet
societies' in certain situations to carry on the political program.
Eg, see on infoshop.org:
Anarchism does have some history of political terrorism, but this
has always been a small part of anarchist history. In fact, most of
what has been called anarchist "terrorism" can be seen more accurately
as political violence against political targets (cops, capitalists,
and politicians)...There is no such thing as eco-terrorism. The
actions that are given this label are nonviolent actions against
property. There is no intent to hurt or kill people.
So, while they might regret that terrorists would use such means of
collaboration for their ends, i wouldnt think theyd mind there
existing the potential for such covert collaboration in doing illegal
violent acts, for they actually advocate such tactics, in certain
cases.
Similarly they wouldnt necessarely even wish to defend from
accusations of enabeling the spread of child pornography; even
ignoring the abovementioned scruples about freedom of speech, they
would not necessarely even mind there being child pornography. Age of
consent laws have been often criticised by radical thinkers - for
instance, Michel Foucault
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_petitions_against_age_of_consent_laws),
and in the list of names signing this petition, Deleuze, Derrida,
Althusser, Barthes, Sartre, de Beauvoir, Lyotard, .. - i.e. pretty
much all contemporary french philosophers. From the converstation on
these topics (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_Morality_and_the_Law):
It could be that the child, with his own sexuality, may have
desired that adult, he may even have consented, he may even have made
the first moves. We may even agree that it was he who seduced the
adult. But we specialists with our psychological knowledge know
perfectly well that even the seducing child runs a risk, of being
damaged and traumatized. (…) Consequently, the child must be
‘protected from his own desires’, even when his desires turn him
towards an adult ... In the case of "attentat sans violence" [attack
without violence], the offence in which the police have been unable to
find anything, nothing at all, in that case, the criminal is simply a
criminal because he is a criminal, because he has those tastes. It is
what used to be called a crime of opinion. (…) The crime vanishes,
nobody is concerned any longer to know whether in fact a crime was
committed or not, whether someone has been hurt or not. No one is even
concerned any more whether there actually was a victim.
I see in the US libertarian party, similar ideas exist (and though I
dont know US politics enough to say this, given the name and the fact
its a party, one could expect these guys would, again, be rather less
radical than anarchists - and the inter-party criticism of the here
quoted paragraph that makes up the rest of the linked text would seem
to show this) - from
(http://crazyforliberty.com/2008/05/07/anarchism-age-of-consent-laws-and-the-dallas-accord-wayne-allyn-root.aspx)
,apparently , Mary Ruwart said
Children who willingly participate in sexual acts have the right
to make that decision as well, even if it’s distasteful to us
personally. [Who are you to judge? Fascist!]
...
Point is - such response to criticism as the current section describes
sounds like coming from a socialdemocrat or liberal not from an
anarchist in advocating such technologies, and perhaps some summary of
the stuff I dumped here could be worked into the response section of
that article to give a more appropriately radical response expected if
this is considered to be an anarchist position? --193.198.27.31 (talk)
20:50, 28 August 2008 (UTC)[reply]
umm
All other crypto-something pages are about adherence to one philosophy
yet pretending to be of another (i.e Crypto-judaism, crypto-fascism)
yet this one is about computing. This should be completely rewritten
or at least another page should be created for being an anarchist and
pretending to be something else, such as Anarchist hypocrisy or the
like. --Dicttrshp (talk) 10:39, 12 September 2008 (UTC)[reply]
It's a completely separate subject so it doesn't belong here.
You're welcome to start a new article and linking to it from here. --
intgr [talk] 13:27, 12 September 2008 (UTC)[reply]
How strange
Isn't odd that an article should have an equal number of topical
headings and references? Awg1010 (talk) 21:37, 29 July 2009
(UTC)[reply]
No, you idiot! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 187.57.183.97
(talk) 18:42, 15 October 2011 (UTC)[reply]
This should include both types of anarchism
'Cryptoanarchism' is composed of both capitalist and traditional
anarchists, since despite their economic disagreements, both sides
value freedom of speech. The article should reflect this. There are
unfortunatly some people on both sides who like to demean eachother
and call eachother "not real anarchists". But both use valid
definitions of the word. So I would like to see a link to either both,
or a link to neither. J1812 (talk) 03:04, 16 September 2011
(UTC)[reply]
Well, the article only seems to mention anarcho-capitalists,
namely Vernor Vinge and Timothy C. May (although I'm not really sure
if they identify as such), as having coined or expounded on
crypto-anarchism. That said, I don't think that it qualifies as
necessarily capitalist. Vinge and May may have envisioned
crypto-anarchism as the use of cryptographic techniques to subvert
governmental authority and thereby avoid restrictions on capitalistic
activity, but anarchist workers, like those of the IWW for example,
could use the same techniques to subvert their employers′ authority
and thereby inhibit such activity. Unless Vinge and May also defined
crypto-anarchism as an idea that would obviate the labor movement
(which I doubt because May includes Infoshop's URL in his manifesto),
this article shouldn't define it as strictly capitalist or
anti-government. In fact, if the article attempted to so, it might
overstep its bounds and apply a definition to anarchism, a
responsibility that belongs to the anarchism article. Rather, this
article should define crypto-anarchism as simply anti-authoritarian.
The article should also avoid references to capitalism and
anarcho-capitalism as these terms have too much baggage. Doing so
should accommodate anyone who subscribes to crypto-anarchism whether
they identify as anarchists, anarcho-capitalists, or whatever. KLP
(talk) 14:43, 16 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
Actually, it looks like the only mention of anarcho-capitalism
comes from the May quote at the beginning of the article. This quote
seems out of place and doesn't appear to offer much utility. KLP
(talk) 14:55, 16 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
It seems a bit out of place to me too. However there's also
the sentence - "It was described by Vernor Vinge as a cyberspatial
realization of anarchism." The link to anarchism contains almost
entirely traditional anarchism. So without including the quote or some
kind of replacement, it wouldn't be clear that many, probably most,
proclaimed "cryptoanarchists" are actually market libertarians rather
then the common form of anarchism.
I'm having a look through the cyphernomicom by May, some extra
relevent parts are pasted below:
The list has a lot of radical libertarians, some
anarcho-capitalists, and even a few socialists
don't lose sight of the core values: privacy, technological
solutions over legal solutions, avoiding taxation, bypassing laws,
etc.
"What is Crypto Anarchy?" Some of us believe various forms of
strong cryptography will cause the power of the state to decline,
perhaps even collapse fairly abruptly.
Governments will have a hard time collecting taxes, regulating the
behavior of individuals and corporations, (small ones at least), and
generally coercing folks when it can't even tell what _continent_
folks are on!
I call this set of ideas "crypto anarchy" (or "crypto-anarchy," as you wish)
The second major is personal liberty through reducing the power of
governments to coerce and tax. Sort of a digital Galt's Gulch, as it
were. Libertarians and anarchocapitalists are especially drawn to this
vision, a vision which may bother conventional liberals (when they
realize strong crypto means things counter to welfare, AFDC,
antidiscrimination laws....).
This second view is more controversial, but is, in my opinion,
what really powers the list.
But the libertarian streak is undeniably strong. And libertarians
who think about the failure of politics and the implications of
cryptgraphy generally come to the anarcho-capitalist or
crypto-anarchist point of view.
So it seems that my own belief that most 'cryptoanarchists'
being market-libertarians isn't just contemporary. That the movement
has been following this pattern since it was created in the late
80s/early 90's. That the term 'anarchist' in this context was (at
least originally) more anarcho-capitalist then traditional-anarchist.
Which is once against why I think the quote/link "cyberspatial
realization of anarchism." is a bit misleading. Though it could work
by being specific about the type of anarchism that Vinge is referring
to.
Perhaps the article should view cryptoanarchism as mostly
anarcho-capitalist/libertarian in origin, but should also mention that
many traditional anarchists support it aswell and call themselves
cryptoanarchists. That supporters of both forms may see advantages in
strong encryption. J1812 (talk) 01:38, 17 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
I now have a greater appreciation for the linguistics
section. Anyway, I guess crypto-anarchism really does have strong ties
to anarcho-capitalism. After all, May does define crypto-anarchy as an
“anarcho-capitalist market system”. Perhaps the article ought to give
more recognition to this relationship while disclaiming that many
anarchists might not think of crypto-anarchism as a proper form of
anarchism. KLP (talk) 17:21, 17 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
...or at least not necessarily anarchistic. KLP (talk)
17:22, 17 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
I see the article now says "is a cyber-spatial
realization of anarcho-capitalism". I'm certain that is more accurate.
Especially considering the evidence in the primary sources (some of it
quoted above). J1812 (talk) 08:23, 29 September 2012 (UTC)[reply]
Etymology
The section makes no mention of cryptography, which is what seems to
me logically where the word came from, as opposed to "crypto-" as in
having a secret agenda or a pun, as the section says. Just like
"anarcho-" is a shortening of "anarchy/anarchist," "crypto-" is a
shortening of "cryptography."
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/crypto
--Coching (talk) 23:52, 19 August 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Anarcho-Capitalism?
While there is a quote in this article, I don't think all
crypto-anarchists are anarcho-capitalists. I guess there are also
enough anti-capitalist anarchists. I think the article should make
clear that this is only a quote of one single crypto-anarchist and
it's not true in every case. (no signature, because of dynamic IP and
no account) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.127.102.55 (talk)
17:13, 16 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]
a person who describes himself as an anarchist doesn't believe in
a centralized governmental authority. lacking such an authority, i
think the economic system will naturally be free-market. can that be
called capitalism? it used to be that was the case, but much of what
we call capitalism today is simply state-controlled market, not free
market. Bob Emmett (talk) 07:08, 21 March 2010 (UTC)[reply]
A free-market anarchist may use the word to describe a lack of
state. But many traditional anarchists extend the definition to mean a
lack of hierarchy, which includes abolishing the power structure of a
capitalist firm. J1812 (talk) 01:45, 17 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
It seems you have a poor understanding of what anarchism is
about, you should refrain from editing pages about anarchism. This is
shown by your claim about anti-capitalism requiring a centralized
governmental authority, completely ignoring the fact that all
anarchist ideologies are anti-capitalist and have existed in history,
whereas your so called stateless capitalism has never existed. A
person who describes themselves as an anarchist does not believe in
hierarchical property relationships and rejects free markets because
they include such horrific acts as child labor. --Voidkom (talk)
05:34, 27 December 2012 (UTC)[reply]
I have changed the opening to be more general. This is an
example of a crypto-anarchist who's "just" an anarchist. Beao 19:32,
13 March 2013 (UTC)[reply]
Telecomix is an example of non-capitalist digital
movement based on anarchism, clearly expressing its connection to
communism. If you mix it with technological communism enabled by
technological singularity preached by Ray Kurzweil, you have a
paradigm for technological communism in cyberspace:
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xm7xnn_kurzweil-technology-will-achieve-the-goals-of-communism_news.
This has also been discussed in Technological utopianism. I really
believe the definition needs to be changed, it's not neutral enough.
90.191.166.161 (talk) 08:18, 5 May 2015 (UTC)[reply]
I think this page should include a section names
"relationship with other anarchists schools". Anarchists have used
cryptography to cancel their communication for ages, the DIY idea
behind the hacker ethic comes from the punk movement (often linked to
anarchism), and so on. In addition (correct me if I'm wrong), but the
idea of creating a trust-less economy on the internet really kicked
off since the 2009 subprimes crisis and its aftermath, with movement
like Occupy Wall Street and a general distrust toward the financial
system, especially after the [bank bailouts].
I think this page should also mentions networks
that bring governance to the blockchain, like Bitnations or Ethereum's
DAO. I recognize most of these projects are built by libertarian, but
they are tools and could be used to build any kind of human governance
system - capitalist entreprise, communist public ownership or
anarchist coop.
--ChatnoirDigital (talk) 09:15, 22 October 2018 (UTC)[reply]
Wrong Dark Market
The article states: "OpenBazaar is an open source project developing a
protocol for e-commerce transactions in a fully decentralized
marketplace.[10] It uses the cryptocurrency bitcoin and was inspired
by a hackathon project called DarkMarket." DarkMarket links to a page
about a crime forum that was shut down in 2008. This is a mixup. The
DarkMarket which inspired Openbazaar was a project circa 2014 created
by Amir Taaki. From Taaki's article: "Taaki, along with other
developers from Airbitz, a bitcoin software company, created a
prototype for a decentralised marketplace called "DarkMarket" in 2014,
at a hackathon in Toronto, which was forked into the OpenBazaar
project." The wikilink suggests that Openbazaar was inspired by an
underground cybercrime forum, which is definitely false.
23.241.127.109 (talk) 04:57, 5 May 2020 (UTC)[reply]
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