Kropotkin -vs- Darwin. Humanity, Cooperation and Mutual Aid -vs- Egoism and Pitiless Struggle; Socialism/Communism -vs- Competitive Capitalism/Darwinism. (Russia -vs- West)

[Александр]

Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution is a book by Peter Kropotkin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_Aid:_A_Factor_of_Evolution
https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1902/mutual-aid/

Written partly in response to social Darwinism and in particular to Thomas
H. Huxley's Nineteenth Century essay, "The Struggle for Existence",
Kropotkin's book drew on his experiences in scientific expeditions in
Siberia to illustrate the phenomenon of cooperation. After examining the
evidence of cooperation in nonhuman animals, in pre-feudal societies and
medieval cities, and in modern times, he concluded that *cooperation and
mutual aid, and not Darwin's pitiless struggle, are the most important
factors in the evolution of species and the ability to survive.*
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