MoneyGram, which has about 227,000 global money transfer agent locations in 191 countries and territories, was recapitalized in 2008 (same year of Bitcoin's whitepaper). Goldman Sachs acquired an equity interest of 63 percent in MoneyGram for about $710 million. Per the 2008 agreement, MoneyGram also received $500 million in debt financing from Goldman Sachs (Cordeiro 2011).
Walmart is the only MoneyGram agent, for both the Global Funds Transfer and Financial Paper Products segments, that accounts for more than 10% of revenue. In 2020, Walmart accounted for 13% of total MoneyGram’s revenue and 16% in 2019 and 2018. Goldman Sachs (Investor) has a Participation Agreement with Walmart Inc. (Walmart) under which the Investor is obligated to pay Walmart certain percentages of any accumulated cash payments received by the Investor in excess of the Investor's original investment in the Company (MONEYGRAM INTERNATIONAL INC 2021).
In 2016, Ripple received New York’s First NY-DFS BitLicense for an Institutional Use Case of Digital Assets (Larsen 2016). Shortly after being NY-DFS accredited, Ripple announced it was teaming up with MoneyGram to test payments using Ripple’s xRP virtual currency. During this time, Ripple was making headlines as the xRP digital currency had surged — and fallen — dramatically (Browne 2018). Soon after, Ripple announced a $50 million investment in MoneyGram snagging a 10% equity stake in the firm. Brad Garlinghouse, Ripple’s CEO, added that his firm would support MoneyGram’s “further expansion” into the European and Australian payment corridors (De 2019).
Connecting the dots, MoneyGram is now one of the most expensive transfer providers (Tierney 2019) on planet Earth. Customers incur fees for postal mail, telephone calls, electronic mail, and other computerized messaging services.
Computer crimes as a threat is no less a threat because it is contingent, because the speaker does not intend or is unable to carry it out when the threat was not directly communicated to the MoneyGram customer as a target, or because the language used might be considered cryptic or ambiguously not part of the current New York BitLicense mandate.
Ripple simply made MoneyGram’s business more efficient, thus accruing more profits for Goldman Sachs directed out of Manhattan. From 2019 - 2020, MoneyGram received more than $40 million in market development fees from Ripple Labs in return for providing liquidity to its On-Demand Liquidity (ODL) network. It can be calculated that 10%-15% of the proceeds came from Walmart customers, who are some of the most disenfranchised Americans financially.
Great news out of the great state of New York: https://www.dfs.ny.gov/reports_and_publications/press_releases/pr202203161I am very proud of our Superintendent today. The other news of the day was not coordinated with this. Obviously, no collusion on soon to be bankrupt MoneyGram ...:Superintendent of Financial Services Adrienne A. Harris announced today that MoneyGram International Inc. (“MoneyGram”) has agreed to pay $8.25 million in penalties pursuant to a Consent Order entered into with the New York State Department of Financial Services (“DFS” or the “Department”). The Consent Order resolves the Department’s investigation into MoneyGram’s failure to adequately supervise local agents in New York City, including the Flushing neighborhood of Queens, that processed a substantial volume of suspicious transactions to China, in violation of Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering (“BSA/AML”) requirements and New York law.
“Many New Yorkers depend on money transmitters to send money to their families, pay bills, and conduct other financial transactions,” said Superintendent Harris. “To maintain the integrity of that system for law-abiding New Yorkers, it is crucial money transmitters like MoneyGram diligently monitor all activity on its platform to prevent bad actors from abusing the system for illegal means.”
An examination and subsequent enforcement investigation conducted by the Department found that MoneyGram did not adequately oversee the activity of six agents that saw a large spike in transaction volume of business with China from locations throughout New York City, including in Flushing, Queens.
In 2014, the year preceding the spike in transaction volume, for example, there were approximately 7,500 transactions between New York and China aggregating approximately $30,000,000; during the 17-month period from January 2016 through May 2017, however, there were more than 25,000 transactions to China aggregating more than $100,000,000. The dramatic change in the number and size of the transactions processed by New York agents — most of which were small, store-front independent agents — was a clear indicator of increased money laundering risk, particularly given that the destination was known to carry a high AML risk. Moreover, other aspects of the increased transactions, including a suspicious pattern that many different senders transmitted money to the same recipient, were problematic and should have put MoneyGram on clear notice to address these risks.
After being made aware of the suspicious spike in activity, MoneyGram terminated its relationship with the problematic agents and began instituting remedial measures designed to ensure better supervision of its agents across its network, among other measures. Under the settlement reached today, in addition to payment of a $8.25 million penalty, MoneyGram will be required to report to the Department on the enhancements to the policies and procedures of its BSA/AML compliance program, its Suspicious Activity Monitoring and Reporting program, and customer due diligence requirements. MoneyGram will also furnish data to the Department for ongoing monitoring purposes.
DFS acknowledges MoneyGram’s cooperation with the investigation and its ongoing remedial efforts.
Read a copy of the consent order on the DFS website.
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