- eat sugar and die - exercise there are parts to these. sugar: feels good, short term energy, accumulates ability to resist starvation, strong decision-making influence (addictive) die: indicates failure exercise: short term negative decision influence, long term positive decision influence. increases long term survivability and physical success. short term can make one exhausted and poorly functioning. does not provide an addictive reward. (trees not presently drawn) three really big points of interest: - short term vs long term. each impact can happen soon or later, quickly or after a lot of repetition - addictive reward. the presence and quality of this can motive a lot of neurons. - decision influence. when something is easy or hard to do again, and whether or not we have been exposed to that, can seem a huge factor in a handful of different ways. notably, there are different kinds of decision influence; the kinds seem to have their own neurons, but these groups also seem to overlap.