The oscilloscope trigger is more reliable at slower time bases.
It turns out the voltage scale is wrong in the pictures, because I tried to zoom out by setting it to 10. I think it only affects the next recording, unsure. The gradiations were set to 1V for the recording.
This seems to happen associated with viewing a signal farther into the buffer. I might guess some kind of memory corruption. It makes sense that memory corruption would appear this way.
My first idea was that the signal could be oscillating so fast that it misleads the analog-to-digital converter. I'm guessing this isn't the issue, because after measuring a couple times it seems more associated with buffer position.