Oh, no denying the over-generalizing of my usage of "Society", but the point is plain, and valid. We have a method of laws (aka Society - not only regarding it's application of Power) which we live under. If raising a Child means empowering/guiding that person to have a healthy understanding of Themselves, Others, Institutions, etc, one must provide an example - as Guide.
RE: Native Peoples, yes, they did the same thing. My child [5] can safely walk to the park and back in the over-urbanized environment we live because we've provided him the space to learn how to do so; neighbourhood walks, back-woods treks, etc. Would I trust him to be okay going to the city-core? Neither would a Native People have let their child go on a similarly arduous trek. The scale/surroundings are different, the means and ends are the same: Teach Independence while providing a reasonably sheltered environment to learn that Independence.
By providing Supervision on his learning, he did so. The State/Parents do not need to squash all his attempts, nor can Parents/State be divorced from his efforts. Do we laws dictating "Child shall be no more than x feet from home unattended" ... clearly not, perhaps cases such as the Free Range Parenting will spur the creation of those laws from the pro-Nanny crowd.
That is my usage of "Society" - more narrow than the put-upon extrapolations of the gallery; which were perhaps teased out by my over generalized usage earlier ... but, hey, what's Intertube proselytizing with out some trolling.