Assume all radio bands, including ham bands, are monitored with at least 12-14 bit depth and recorded. Those with enough power to be heard auditably with a good consumer or ham receiver, from a considerable distance, are also likely to be triangulated, in real-time or later (from the recordings) with a fair degree of accuracy.
This doesn't mean covert wireless is impossible, just that simple narrow band modulation schemes are out and successful operation also requires very good personal tradecraft.
All consumer and commercial radios are designed for affordable cost and maximum interoperability using standardized protocols. Avoiding surveillance generally requires dispensing with this path.