Problem with talk in thread about hardware is that it's incredibly hard to impossible to build and run trusted systems on top of untrusted HW. Only fools keep trying to spin their way around fundamental problem... Essentially all HW in production today is in fact completely untrustable. One has not even a single proof about what truly is happening under the hood. Not even the apparent result of 2 to a simple query of 1 + 1 can be trusted because one cannot exhaust all conditions under which it may be asked. That approach is a mental failure. Time again the far better general solutions of OpenFabs , OpenHW , OpenSW are plainly presented by various people, in conference talks, etc. But who is doing the revolutionary work needed to actually fund / get such HW methodologies, production, and economies off the ground in a big way... <crickets>. All it takes is a few large donors to cold boot an OpenFab capable of printing thus OpenHW. Till then you get what you demanded and asked for by silent omission... untrustable garbage HW. Cryptocurrency is one step to fix that in monetary. Where is the steps to fix that in HW... the revolution is monetarily achievable, and long past due.