-- Yours, J.A. Terranson sysadmin@mfn.org If Governments really want us to behave like civilized human beings, they should give serious consideration towards setting a better example: Ruling by force, rather than consensus; the unrestrained application of unjust laws (which the victim-populations were never allowed input on in the first place); the State policy of justice only for the rich and elected; the intentional abuse and occassionally destruction of entire populations merely to distract an already apathetic and numb electorate... This type of demogoguery must surely wipe out the fascist United States as surely as it wiped out the fascist Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The views expressed here are mine, and NOT those of my employers, associates, or others. Besides, if it *were* the opinion of all of those people, I doubt there would be a problem to bitch about in the first place... -------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2001 17:14:02 -0700 From: DOUGLAS RAGLAND Reply-To: EMED-L -- a list for emergency medicine practitioners. To: EMED-L@ITSSRV1.UCSF.EDU Subject: Re: [EMED-L] terrorism versus manifest destiny FYI The list members might be interested in the following incomplete historical list of US armed interventions around the world. Conspiciously absent from the list are the major conflicts that every US citizen should know (Civil war, WWI, WWII etc) Also conspiciously absent are the clandestine and covert operations sponsored by the US that would add substantially to the length of the list (and its significance, I ) I've drawn a number of conclusions from this list - I would be interested to know what you conclusions you draw from the list. Doug Ragland MD ------------------------------------------- 1775 - 1890: The Indian Wars - US versus Native (Indian) Tribes and Nations of North America 1800-1815: The Barbary Wars - US versus The Barbary States (Tripoli, Algiers & Morocco) 1819: Invasion of Spanish Florida - Andrew Jackson seized Florida from Spain. 1846-1848: Mexican-American War - The United States invaded Mexico and forced the Mexicans to cede the northern half of the country and also to give up any claim to Texas. 1800-1865: U.S. Slave Rebellions 1893: U.S. Intervention in Hawaiian Revolution 1898: The Spanish-American War 1898-1899: U.S. Intervention in Samoan Civil War - U.S. Intervention in Samoan Civil War with U.S. and British Naval Bombardment of Samoa --A resumption of past civil wars in which Samoan chief Mataafa seized power following the death of his rival, King Malietoa Laupepa, who had defeated him in the last Samoan Civil War (1893-1894). Fighting ensued, which was complicated by the long-standing rivalry between the U.S., Britain and Germany for de facto control over the Samoan Islands. On March 15, 1899, warships of the American and British Navies bombarded the Samoan city of Apia to intimidate the reigning Samoan king, who was allied with the Germans. An Anglo-American landing force took control of Apia, but were not able to pacify the interior. All sides agreed to cease fighting on May 13, 1899. Later that year, the three Western nations signed a treaty dividing Samoa between them. This whole conflict was part of a wider Samoan civil war. 1899-1902: U.S.-Philippine War 1900: Boxer Rebellion - US versus the "Boxers" - Also involved Britain, France, Germany, Russia, Japan, Italy, Austria-Hungary against "Boxer" rebels in China as well as the Chinese government. 1901-1913: The Moro Wars - Guerilla warfare against U.S. forces by the Moro Muslims of the southern Philippines. 1903: U.S. Intervention in Panamanian Revolution - The U.S. landed troops in Panama to prevent Columbia from crushing the separatist Panamanian government. 1909-1933: The Banana Wars - A series of U.S. interventions in various Central American and Caribbean countries. 1914: U.S. Occupation of Vera Cruz Mexico 1916-1917: Pershing's Raid Into Mexico - After Mexican rebel Pancho Villa attacked a U.S. town, General Pershing pursued him across the border. 1919-1921: Allied Intervention in Russian Civil War US versus Russian Bolshevik (Soviet) Government 1956-1975: Second Indochina War 1958: U.S. Intervention in Lebanon 1960?-1975: Laotian Civil War 1964-1973: Vietnam War 1970-1975: Cambodian Civil War 1965: Dominican Intervention 1975 (May 15): The Mayaguez Rescue Operation - US versus Khmer Rouge Guerrillas (the new government of Cambodia) 1980 (April 25): Iranian Hostage Rescue "Desert One" or "Operation Eagle Claw" 1980-1988: First Persian Gulf War - The U.S. gave logistical and intelligence information to Iraq in its war against Iran. 1981, 1986: U.S. Libya Conflict 1982-1984: U.S. Intervention in Lebanon - US versus Syria & Various Muslim and Leftist Lebanese Militias 1983: U.S. Invasion of Grenada 1987-1988: The Tanker War aka "Operation Earnest Will" - US versus Iran - The U.S. provided naval protection for Kuwaiti oil tankers in the Persian Gulf. This led to multiple clashes with the Iranian military. 1989: U.S. Invasion of Panama 1991: Second Persian Gulf War 1991 - PRESENT: U.S.-Iraq Conflict 1992-1994: U.S. Intervention in Somalia US versus Various Somali Militias 1994: U.S. Occupation of Haiti August, 1998: U.S. Embassy bombings and strikes on Afghanistan and Sudan (The bin Laden War) - The embassy bombings in August, 1998 by Osama bin Laden caused hundreds of deaths in Kenya and Tanzania. The U.S. retaliated by launching Tomahawk Cruise Missiles at suspected terrorist targets in Afghanistan and Sudan. The violence has also involved Kenya, Tanzania, Sudan and Afghanistan. To unsubscribe, send the command "SIGNOFF EMED-L" to LISTSERV@ITSSRV1.UCSF.EDU