As I predicted, transactions are increasingly going on line. And as Hettinga predicted, the more anonymous and irreversible the transaction service, the cheaper and more convenient its services. All happening as predicted. So why don't we have anonymous chaumian cash by now? Because, the more anonymous and irreversible its services, the more fraudsters use it to convert other people's bank accounts, obtained by phishing, into usable money. Why don't we have anonymous e-cash? - because IE and outlook express are full of massive security holes, and because people are idiots. Observe Tim May, who mistook e-gold phishing spam mail for the real thing. Well, not so much that people are idiots, but that we still have not got a satisfactory security model that adequately accommodates human factors.