-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- on or about 971002:0941 "S. M. Halloran" <mitch@duzen.com.tr> purported to expostulate: [snip - part of original text follows at the end of new message] the US initiated "Civil Rights" legislation at the Federal level to deal with the abuse of a persons liberty. It has been used many ways, but its original intent was to be able to charge, convict, and punish racist miscreants in the South for murdering Civil Rights activists who would walk scott free when tried for murder as white juries would not convict them (twelve "good" men unanimously). The statue was effectively retroactive. another perfect example, although I personally think poorly applied as I knew the Sergeant who was scapegoated when they convicted the animal who deserved it: The Rodney King case. A suburban white jury not-guiltied the four officers, except one "hung" count on the animal. The Feds stepped in and charged them with Civil Rights violations. for a hilarious exposition on impartial juries, read Mark Twain's Virginia City writings. The animal and the Sergeant were convicted; the judge sentenced them to 30 months or something; the Feds appealed since it was less than the guidelines, and the appeals court sent it back for resentencing; the judge repeated the sentence; by this time they were free anyway. The argument on the sentence is probably still going on... <g> however, specifically to your question of an additive sentence for a person operating under the colour of law: no --except, the prosecutor could file additional charges of 'operating under the colour of law' --and the judge could specify that the sentence for that violation is to run after the others which would extend the time (often referred to as "running wild"). The remedy is there; the difficulty is in getting it applied unless the case is notorious. and, it provides for penalties ranging all the way to the death penalty. a very comprehensive, catch-all law which is rarely applied equally. another great American legal innovation which is even more of travesty: RICO --Racketeering Influenced Corrupt Organizations. it only takes 3 in the conspiracy to invoke it, and by itself it has a mandatory 20 years no parole; if it is 6 or more people, it is life without parole. common law no longer exists in the US. the courts are all Admiralty Courts where the only habeus corpus you have is what the court might gratuitously grant you. FDR sold the country into legal bankruptcy on 9 Mar 33 pledging all Americans and their property as collateral. Bankruptcy is a contract matter, and as such is not subject to common law. Americans live by being licensed to exist --the license starts with the social security number which is now required to be issued at birth. -- "When I die, please cast my ashes upon Bill Gates. For once, let him clean up after me! " ______________________________________________________________________ "attila" 1024/C20B6905/23 D0 FA 7F 6A 8F 60 66 BC AF AE 56 98 C0 D7 B0 +I have a question: has any jurisdiction (local, state, federal) in +the U.S. resolved the hyprocrisy--maybe better to phrase "double +standard"--wherein citizens who commit crimes against persons who +perform duties under the color and badge of authority--namely the +police--are charged with additional offenses specific for crimes +against govt officers--but govt officers who commit crimes against +citizens while in the performance of duties under the color and badge +of authority would suffer the same penalty as citizens who commit +crimes against "just" citizens? -- -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: 2.6.3i Charset: latin1 Comment: No safety this side of the grave. Never was; never will be iQCVAwUBNDPXbL04kQrCC2kFAQETtQP9HhOCKwFhrG//bLoWvlRF1yAEwGwxuWFB MuFcTp7kVCn1vKEifKQzXUFN/ZyEVG1VkS/Woxl8pW0zLsddefFxEPmveJtXvqTf NyTYbyOane9oNvIFimR/JE45WTrOdsECdn9jwIC2vE+SG2LeYo1d1Nck1XPdK0U+ z6sd0Ch+NgU= =ozSY -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----