Tim, On 01 07 96 you say: ...the crypto anarchy notions we talk about makes collection of taxes increasingly problematic. You also say: Today, and especially with strong crypto and all the develop- ing methods we talk about, how will the Ruler know what to tax? You conclude: ...I believe that this issue [collection of taxes] is one of the motivations to restrict the use of strong crypto and to make transactions monitorable. In 02 96 Internet World, science fiction writer Vernor Vinge is interviewed: Suddenly [about 1984] people realized that if a 100 million people each had computers that were one-tenth of one percent as smart as the government's computers, they had much less to fear about government. Now we've entered an era where the government understands this. One the one hand, police forces are legitimately [?] frightened; law enforcement could become much more difficult. But at the same time --with some new laws and technology-- police powers could be much greater than before.... You've heard of ubiquitous computing, but how about UBIQUITOUS LAW ENFORCEMENT? Developing that line of thought, Vinge says: ...the old Clipper chip proposal recommended that GOVERNMENT LOGIC be present in certain communications equipment. For the future I think this aspect of Clipper was as significant as the crypto issues. What would it be like if a certain amount of GOVERNMENT LOGIC were mandated in the design of every host in a country? And Vinge concludes: WE COULD HAVE REAL-TIME TAXATION. and ...very fine-grain CONTROL would be possible. Capitalization in the above excerpts is mine. The whole interview is worth reading. Its title is: Reality & Fiction. It starts at page 82. Jeff Ubois asked the questions. Every HOST in a country? As Larry Ellison says in 12 26 95 / 01 02 96 Computerworld 41: The ideal operating system arrives across a network when you turn your computer on. The GOVERNMENT LOGIC arrives too... Cordially, Jim