Science V 289 8 Sept 2000 p 1773-1775 "Fairness vs Reason in the Ultimatum Game" Nowak, Page, Sigmund (from the abstract) "The rational solution, suggested by game theory, is for the proposer to offer the smallest possible share and for teh responder to accept it. If humans play the game, however, the most frequent outcome is a fair share. In this paper, we develop an evolutionary approach to the Ultimatum Game. We show that fairness will evolve if the proposer can obtain some information on what deals the responder has accepted in the past. Hence, the evolution of fairness, similarly to the evolution of cooperation, is linked to reputation" In the ultimatum game, two players are offered a chance to win a certain sum of money. All they must do is divide it. ...if the responder rejects the deal, both get nothing.