[1]http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1231.html

Key Findings

Non-State Actors Can Use VCs to Disrupt Sovereignty and Increase Political
and/or Economic Power, but Unlikely to Use Established VC; Many Challenges
Posed by Creation of VCs

     * VC deployments are attractive in developing countries and in
       countries undergoing internal turmoil, where the existing financial
       infrastructure is either insufficient or weakened.
     * The rapid deployment of a VC over a large geographic area would
       likely be less complicated than deploying more common currencies,
       such as those based on commodities or paper-based currencies.
     * A non-state actor's VC (including Bitcoin-like currencies) would
       likely be vulnerable to cyber attack by a sophisticated adversary;
       more generally, creating new, usable yet reliable VC may pose great
       challenges, particularly for a non-state actor without technical
       sophistication.
     * Promoting adoption of VCs among population is difficult due to
       newness, lack of legitimacy, and familiarity with physical
       tangibility of currency.
     * Deployment of a VC by non-state actors, such terrorist
       organizations, insurgent groups, drug cartels, and other criminal
       organizations, would be easier if supported by a nation-state with
       advanced cyber expertise.
     * Despite numerous hurdles, trends indicate a future in which VCs
       could be deployed by non-state actors or other organizations.

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References

   1. http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1231.html
   2. https://protonmail.ch/