From: Georgi Guninski >This bugs me. >Since 2009 it is known that the value of the dimensionless constant Pi >changes over time: [1]https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.5321 [1] That's a FUNNY article!!! Seriously, however, there are indeed examples of fundamental physical "constants" which may vary over time. [2]http://io9.gizmodo.com/5642233/ask-a-physicist-is-the-fine-str ucture-constant-really-constant One minor motivation to develop really precise clocks, accurate to 1 part in 10**18 (Ytterbium lattice clocks, for one example [3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_clock ) is that it is possible that two different such clocks (each using a different type of atom), a few meters apart on a desktop, could show a variation in rate over a reasonable period of time, say a month or a year. [4]× (BUTTON) (BUTTON) Put more simply, suppose you could compare the frequency of two such clocks, with different types of atoms, and express that result to a precision of one part in 10**18. A month or a year later, you do the same comparison, you might discover that the ratio of frequencies are different by a few parts in 10**18, or perhaps much larger. This would be a laboratory verification of a recent astronomical observation, a one-part-in-100,000 change over a period of 6 billion years: [5]http://www.physicscentral.com/explore/action/constant.cfm If that rate of change were constant, it would be one part in 600 trillion per year. If an equivalent laboratory variation rate could be compared to a precision of 10**18, that would be 1600 units per year, or 133 per month, or perhaps 4 per day. [6]× (BUTTON) (BUTTON) [7]× (BUTTON) (BUTTON) Jim Bell References 1. https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.5321 2. http://io9.gizmodo.com/5642233/ask-a-physicist-is-the-fine-structure-constant-really-constant 3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_clock 4. file:///var/lib/mailman/archives/private/cypherpunks/attachments/20170401/ecb47b76/attachment-tmp.html 5. http://www.physicscentral.com/explore/action/constant.cfm 6. file:///var/lib/mailman/archives/private/cypherpunks/attachments/20170401/ecb47b76/attachment-tmp.html 7. file:///var/lib/mailman/archives/private/cypherpunks/attachments/20170401/ecb47b76/attachment-tmp.html